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Medical/Trauma Meds Adverse Reactions

front 1

Dextrose (D50, D25, D10)

back 1

Adverse Reactions:

  • Extravagation leads to tissue necrosis.
  • Warmth
  • Pain
  • Burning
  • Thrombophlebitis
  • Rhabdomyositis

front 2

Diazepam (Valium)

back 2

Adverse Reactions:

  • Respiratory depression
  • Hypotension
  • Drowsiness
  • Ataxia
  • Reflex tachycardia
  • Nausea
  • Confusion

front 3

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)

back 3

Adverse Reactions:

  • Sedation
  • Hypotension
  • Seizures
  • Visual disturbances
  • Vomiting
  • Palpitations/Dysrhythmias
  • Dry mouth and throat
  • Paradoxical CNS excitation in children

front 4

Epinephrine (1:1000, 1:10,000)

back 4

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypertension
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Pulmonary Edema
  • Anxiety
  • Psychomotor agitation
  • Nausea
  • Angina
  • Headache
  • Restlessness

front 5

Fentanyl citrate (Sublimaze)

back 5

Adverse Reactions:

  • The most common serious adverse reactions reported to occur are respiratory depression, apnea, rigidity and bradycardia; if these remain untreated, respiratory arrest, circulatory depression or cardiac arrest could occur.
  • Other adverse reactions that have been reported are hypertension, hypotension, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, emesis, laryngospasm, chest wall rigidity and diaphoresis.
  • It has been reported that secondary rebound respiratory depression may occasionally occur.

Patients should be monitored for this possibility and appropriate countermeasures taken as necessary.

front 6

Glucagon

back 6

Adverse Reactions:

  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension

front 7

Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Cortef, Solu-Cortef)

back 7

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypertension
  • Sodium and water retention
  • GI bleeding
  • Trouble breathing

None from single dose.

front 8

Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B 12)
*cyano-kit

back 8

Adverse Reactions:

Serious adverse reactions include allergic reactions and increases in blood pressure. Use caution in the management of patients with known anaphylactic reactions to [drug] or cyanocobalamin. Consideration should be given to use of alternative therapies, if available.

Many patients with cyanide poisoning will be hypotensive; however, elevations in blood pressure have also been observed in known or suspected cyanide poisoning victims. Elevations in blood pressure (≥180 mmHg systolic or ≥110 mmHg diastolic) were observed in approximately 18% of healthy subjects (not exposed to cyanide) receiving 5g and 28% of subjects receiving 10 g. Increases in blood pressure were noted shortly after the infusions were started; the maximal increase in blood pressure was observed toward the end of the infusion. These elevations were generally transient and returned to baseline levels within 4 hours of dosing.

front 9

Ketamine (Ketalar)

back 9

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypertension
  • Dysrhythmia
  • Bronchodilation
  • Respiratory depression

front 10

Lorazepam (Ativan)

back 10

Adverse Reactions:

  • Respiratory depression/Apnea
  • Drowsiness/Sedation
  • Ataxia/Psychomotor impairment
  • Confusion/Delirium
  • Restlessness
  • Hypotension
  • Bradycardia

front 11

Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (Solu-Medrol)

back 11

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypertension
  • Sodium and water retention
  • GI bleeding
  • Trouble breathing

None from single dose.

front 12

Midazolam (Versed)

back 12

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypotension
  • Respiratory depression/arrest
  • Hiccup
  • Cough
  • Over-sedation
  • Nausea/vomiting
  • Injection site pain
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision

front 13

Naloxone (Narcan)

back 13

Adverse Reactions:

Withdrawal symptoms in the addicted patient.

  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diaphoresis

front 14

Ondansetron (Zofran)

back 14

Adverse Reactions:

  • Headache
  • Drowsiness
  • Pruritus
  • Prolonged QT
  • Acute dystonic reactions

front 15

Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM, Protopam)

back 15

Adverse Reactions:

  • Dizziness
  • Blurred vision
  • Diplopia
  • Headache
  • Drowsiness
  • Nausea
  • Tachycardia
  • Hyperventilation
  • Muscular weakness
  • Excitement and manic behavior

front 16

Tranexamic acid (TXA)

back 16

Adverse Reactions:

  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Abdominal pain
  • Anemia
  • DVT, PE, other thromboembolic disorder.
  • Rapid infusion may cause hypotension.