front 1 Difficulty Breathing, Chest Pain / Cardiac dysrhythmia, changes in skin color, changes in vital signs, open bleeding wounds or visible punctures not indicated on the patient's chart, inability to move an extremity, Misshapen/misaligned body part, Disorientation or confusion, and severe cephalgia (headache) | back 1 Indications of emergency situations |
front 2 How many compressions to breaths for chest compressions (CPR)? | back 2 30 to 2 |
front 3 how many minutes before the cells of the brain deteriorate? | back 3 4-6 minutes |
front 4 what is the surgical technologist's main priority? | back 4 maintaining the sterile field. |
front 5 a life-threatening acute pharmacogenetic disorder is? | back 5 Malignant Hyperthermia (MS) |
front 6 How is Malignant Hyperthermia triggered? | back 6 by an anesthetic agent and/or triggered by muscle relaxants Succinylcholine. |
front 7 What is used to treat Malignant Hyperthermia? | back 7 Dantroline |
front 8 What is a pathological process in the body that occurs when the body begins to coagulate within the body? | back 8 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
front 9 An anaphylactic reaction is? | back 9 severe allergic reaction |
front 10 what is used to treat anaphylactic reaction? | back 10 Epinephrine |
front 11 How may DIC ( Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ) be stimulated? | back 11 infection of the blood by bacteria or fungus, severe tissue trauma. |
front 12 Hurricanes are categorized based off? | back 12 the wind 1-5 |
front 13 Earthquakes are measured through? | back 13 Richter scale |
front 14 car accidents, terrorism, bioterrorism, Covid, anthrax, plague, small pox, and tularemia are all considered? | back 14 man-made disasters |
front 15 Anthrax and small pox are identified as the two most likely biological agents to be used as? | back 15 bio weapons ( bioterrorism) |
front 16 Triage Minor -> | back 16 green tag : Minor injuries |
front 17 Triage Delayed -> | back 17 Yellow Tag: transport can be delayed, the airway is patent & stable |
front 18 Triage Immediate -> | back 18 Red Tag: Treatment must be given in Golden Hour |
front 19 Triage Expectant -> | back 19 Black Tag: injuries are severe and not expected to survive. |
front 20 The stopping of loss of blood is? | back 20 Hemostasis |
front 21 How is Hemostasis accomplished? | back 21 blood clot formation, mechanically and thermally |
front 22 Coagulation is when? | back 22 body accomplishes Hemostasis on its own |
front 23 Keeping track of irrigation fluid and blood loss -> | back 23 Irrigation |
front 24 Weighing Sponges -> | back 24 dry weight subtracted from actual weight |
front 25 Most common congenital defect? | back 25 bleeding disorder - Hemophilia |
front 26 Liver Disease, Anticoagulant therapy, Aspirin stopped a week prior to surgery these are all considered as? | back 26 Acquired hemostatic disorders |
front 27 cost common HEMOSTAT ; Ligatures, clips, sponges, pledgets, bone wax, pressure device -> | back 27 Mechanical Hemostasis |
front 28 what creates a bloodless field, is not a permanent way of achieving hemostasis? | back 28 Tourniquet |
front 29 Fibrin glue: autologous and homologous ( this is considered)? ~ use of patients own plasma | back 29 Biological hemostasis |
front 30 ESU (bovie), Lasers, Argon Plasma, ultrasonic harmonic scalpel is considered as? | back 30 Thermal Hemostasis |
front 31 Absorbable gelatin, Absorbable collagen, silver nitrate, epinephrine, thrombin, oxidized cellulose are considered as? | back 31 Chemical hemostasis |
front 32 Blood transfusion is considered as? | back 32 Homologous |
front 33 Blood type AB is considered as? | back 33 a universal receiver |
front 34 O- is considered as? | back 34 universal donor |
front 35 Hemolytic reaction is? | back 35 a complication from blood transfusion |
front 36 surgical site incision, or excision is considered as what type of wound? | back 36 Intentional wounds |
front 37 trauma injury, open wound is considered as what type of wound? | back 37 unitentional wounds |
front 38 skin remains intact but damage to tissue is what type of wound? | back 38 closed wound |
front 39 integrity of skin is damaged is what type of wound? | back 39 open wounds |
front 40 integrity of wound is compromised is considered as what type of wound? | back 40 simple wound |
front 41 foreign body is what type of wound | back 41 complicated wound |
front 42 ideal wound, healed by first intention is considered as? | back 42 clean wound |
front 43 removing any necrotic tissue (debridement) is considered as what type of wound? | back 43 contaminated wound |
front 44 pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function are all response to tissue damage... this is? | back 44 inflammatory process |
front 45 first intention -> | back 45 ideal condition, heal from side to side, dead space has been eliminated |
front 46 phase 1 of the first intention? | back 46 lag phase (inflammatory process) |
front 47 phase 2 of first intention? | back 47 proliferation phase |
front 48 phase 3 of first intention? | back 48 maturation of the differentiation phase. |
front 49 Granulation is? | back 49 second intention |
front 50 wound is left open to heal; tissue that contains fibroblasts forms in wound causing closure contraction... this is? | back 50 Granulation |
front 51 Delayed Closure is? wound is left open to heal by second intention then closed by primary intention | back 51 third intention |
front 52 localized swelling filled with blood resulting from a break in a blood vessel is? | back 52 Hematoma |
front 53 partial / total seperation of layer of tissue is? | back 53 Dehiscence |
front 54 Abnormal attachment of two surfaces is? | back 54 Adhesion |
front 55 formation of hypertrophic scar is? | back 55 Keloid |
front 56 Protrusion of viscera through edges of a totally seperated wound is? | back 56 Evisceration |
front 57 decreased oxygen to body part is? | back 57 Ischemia |
front 58 Separation of wound that has not been closely approximated is? | back 58 Dead space |
front 59 How to eliminate dead space? | back 59 suturing techniques, wound drained, and pressure dressing |
front 60 Class 1 is? | back 60 clean |
front 61 Class 2 is? | back 61 clean contaminated |
front 62 class 3 is? | back 62 contaminated |
front 63 class 4 is? | back 63 Dirty/ Infected |
front 64 Meds taken routinely may have interaction with meds given during surgery and wound healing (anticoagulants) this is considered as? | back 64 Drug therapy |
front 65 experience decrease in blood supply to irritated tissue is? | back 65 Radiation exposure |
front 66 single strand, one thread, does not hold knots well, use when there is an infection | back 66 monofilament |
front 67 many strands together (twisted or braided), would not be used if infection is present, better tensile strength, and more flexible | back 67 Multifilament |
front 68 being capable of being absorbed by tissue | back 68 absorbable |
front 69 does not absorb as fast | back 69 non absorbable |
front 70 what suture material is used for orthopedic wounds and abdominal Fassa? | back 70 1 & 0 |
front 71 what suture material is used for aortic anastomosis | back 71 4-0, 5-0 |
front 72 what suture material is used for smaller vessel anastomosis? | back 72 6-0, 7.0 |
front 73 what suture material is used for ophthalmic (eye) & microvascular procedures? | back 73 8-0, 11-0 |
front 74 what suture material is used for subcuticular skin closures? | back 74 3-0, 4-0 |
front 75 what does it mean to have tensile strength? | back 75 suture has to be as strong as tissue being placed on |
front 76 Silk suture -> | back 76 after 2 years is undetected |
front 77 PDS suture -> | back 77 Most extended wound support |
front 78 what is used to occlude vessels? | back 78 Ligatures |
front 79 what is free tie? | back 79 pass string by itself |
front 80 what is instrument tie? ( tie on a pass ) | back 80 is tied to a hemostat |
front 81 close eye needles cuase? | back 81 more tissue trauma |
front 82 french needle cause? | back 82 more tissue trauma |
front 83 swaged needle cause? | back 83 minimal trauma, most common |
front 84 Traction suture -> | back 84 used to retract tongue |
front 85 Umbilical tape is used? | back 85 to retract tissue / isolate for bowel |
front 86 vessel loops are used for? | back 86 to stop blood flow and isolate |
front 87 White/yellow vessel loops -> | back 87 nerves |
front 88 blue vessel loops -> | back 88 vein |
front 89 red vessel loops -> | back 89 artery |
front 90 what is commonly used of resection anastomosis of the distal colon and rectum? | back 90 Intraluminal stapler |