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112 notecards = 28 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Anatomy Block III- Wrist and Hand

front 1

back 1

a. phalanges
b. metatarsals
c. tarsals
d. distal interphalangeal joint
e. proximal interphalangeal joint
f. metacarpophalangeal joint

front 2

back 2

a. hamate (with hook of hamate
b. pisiform
c. triquetrum
d. lunate
e. scaphoid (with tubercle)
f. capitate
g. trapezoid
h. trapezium (with tubercle)

front 3

where is the most lateral finger in the hand

back 3

thumb, finger 1

front 4

what are the bones of the hand generally

back 4

carpals
metacarpals
phalanges

front 5

how many carpals are there

back 5

8

front 6

how many metacarpals are there

back 6

5

front 7

how many phalanges are there

back 7

14

front 8

how many rows of carpals are there

back 8

2, from lateral to medial

front 9

what are the two rows of carpals

back 9

proximal and distal

front 10

what are the proximal carpals

back 10

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

front 11

what are the distal carpals

back 11

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

front 12

what is on top of the triquetrum

back 12

pisiform

front 13

what bone of the hand can you not see from the dorsum

back 13

pisiform

front 14

what did the scaphoid use to be called

back 14

navicular bone

front 15

what is interesting about the hamate

back 15

has a hook, extends anteriorly off palm and forms medial border of carpal tunnel

front 16

what forms lateral border of carpal tunnel

back 16

tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

front 17

how many phalanges are in each finger

back 17

23333

front 18

what are the joints of the fingers

back 18

metacarpophalangeal joints
proximal interphalangeal joints
distal interphalangeal joints

front 19

what is a scaphoid fracture usually the result of

back 19

falling on outstretched hand

this is because the scaphoid is a protruding bone on the palmar side

front 20

what can often result from a scaphoid fracture

back 20

avascular necrosis proximally

front 21

why are scaphoid fractures susceptible to avascular necrosis

back 21

lack of adequate proximal blood supply

front 22

where can a scaphoid tubercle fracture be palpated

back 22

anatomical snuff box

front 23

what is a Boxer's fracture

back 23

distal metacarpal fracture

front 24

what is a barfight fracture

back 24

fractores of 4th or 5th metacarpal

front 25

what is a telltale sign of a barfight fracture

back 25

sunken knuckle

front 26

back 26

a. palmar aponeurosis
b. hypothenar eminence
c. thenar eminence
d. fibrous digital sheath

front 27

what is the palmar aponeurosis

back 27

thickening of palmar fascia; triangle like tissue with palmaris longus blends with it

front 28

what are the fascias of the hand

back 28

palmar aponeurosis
thenar eminence
hypothenar eminence
dorsal fascia
fibrous digital sheaths

front 29

what are the spaces in the hand

back 29

midpalmar space
thenar space

front 30

what are the septa in the hand

back 30

medial fibrous septum
lateral fibrous septum

front 31

what does the palmar aponeurosis allow

back 31

union with overlying skin and for better grip

front 32

what is the palmar aponeurosis continuous with

back 32

fibrous digital sheaths supporting digits and flexor tendons underneath

front 33

what are the thickest aponeuroses

back 33

dorsal fascia
palmar aponeurosis

front 34

what is the thenar fascia

back 34

fascia around respective muscles at base of thumb

front 35

what is the hypothenar fascia

back 35

fascia around respective muscles at base of pinky

front 36

what is the role of the fibrous digital sheaths

back 36

covers flexor tendons extending to the fingers

front 37

what is tenosynovitis

back 37

infection/inflammation of synovial sheath

front 38

what is digital tenovaginitis stenosans

back 38

swollen tendon of a finger, doesn't want to go back into fibrous sheath, swelling will pop it in and out

front 39

what spinal segments innervate all of the hand muscles

back 39

C8-T1

front 40

what is the midpalmar space continuous with

back 40

carpal tunnel

front 41

back 41

a. hypothenar compartment
b. interosseous compartment
c. adductor compartment
d. thenar compartment
e. central compartment
f. midpalmar space
h. thenar space

front 42

what does the thenar compartment of the hand form

back 42

thenar eminence

front 43

what innervates the intrinsic muscles of the thumb

back 43

recurrent branch of median nerve

front 44

what muscles are within the thenar compartment of the hand

back 44

intrinsic muscles of thumb:
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

front 45

where is the abductor pollicis brevis in the hand relative to the other thumb muscles

back 45

more lateral

front 46

where is the flexor pollicis brevis in the hand relative to other thumb muscles

back 46

more medial

front 47

where is the opponens pollicis in the hand

back 47

deep to flexor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis brevis

front 48

what does the opponens pollicis do

back 48

helps with opposition along with palmaris brevis

thenar eminence rotates and comes in with it, allowing thumb to come over and touch pinky finger

front 49

back 49

a. recurrent branch of median nerve
b. abductor pollicis brevis
c. flexor pollicis brevis

front 50

back 50

a. opponens pollicis
b. recurrent branch of median nerve

front 51

back 51

a. abduction
b. adduction
c. extension
d. flexion
e. opposition
f. reposition

front 52

wwhat does the hypothenar compartment form

back 52

hypothenar eminence

front 53

what muscles are within the hypothenar eminence

back 53

intrinsic muscles of 5th digit:
abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
oppponens digiti minimi

front 54

where is the abductor digiti minimi in the hypothenar compartment

back 54

lateral

front 55

what does the abductor digiti minimi do

back 55

draws pinky away from middle of hand

front 56

where is the flexor digiti minimi in the hypothenar compartment

back 56

middle

front 57

what is the role of the flexor digiti minimi

back 57

works on flexing fifth finger

front 58

where is the opponens digiti minimi

back 58

most lateral

front 59

what is the role of the opponens digiti minimi

back 59

assists in finger opposition

front 60

what innervates the hypothenar compartment muscles

back 60

deep branch of ulnar nerve

front 61

back 61

a. opponens digiti minimi
b. flexor digiti minimi
c. abductor digiti minimi
d. abductor pollis brevis
e. opponens pollicis
f. fleoxr pollicis brevis

front 62

back 62

a. transverse head of adductor pollicis
b. oblique head of adductor pollicis
c. ulnar nerve

front 63

what is in the adductor compartment of the hand

back 63

adductor pollicis

front 64

what are the two heads of the adductor pollicis

back 64

oblique head and transverse head

front 65

what is the role of the adductor pollicis

back 65

two heads help draw the thumb back to normal position from sticking out anteriorly

front 66

where is the transverse head of the adductor pollicis

back 66

webbing of thumb

front 67

what muscles assist in this motion

back 67

lumbricals

front 68

back 68

a. lumbricals

front 69

what is in the central compartment of the hand

back 69

lubricals
tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
superficial and deep palmar arches
bracnhes of median and ulnar nerve

front 70

where are the lumbricals located

back 70

flexor digitorum profundus tendons; cross metacarpal phalangeal joint and go to dorsal side of digits and go into extensor sheaths on backside of fingers

front 71

what is the role of the lumbricals

back 71

flex joint but help extend and stabilize interphalangeal joints

front 72

what do the lateral 2 lumbricals control

back 72

middle and index finger

front 73

what innervates the lateral two lumbricals

back 73

median nerve

front 74

what do the medial two lumbrical control

back 74

pinky and ring finger

front 75

what innervates the medial two lumbricals

back 75

ulnar nerve

front 76

what are the arteries of the central compartment

back 76

superficial and deep palmar arches

front 77

back 77

a. common flexor sheath
b. digital synovial sheaths

front 78

what is the common flexor sheath continuous with

back 78

digital synovial sheath of pinky

front 79

what covers up the digital synovial sheaths

back 79

fibrous digital sheath

front 80

what aare the interosseous compartmetns separated by

back 80

metacarpals

front 81

back 81

a. deep branch of ulnar artery and nerve

front 82

what are interosseous compartments innervated by

back 82

deep branch of ulnar nerve

front 83

what finger does the palmar interossei not attach to

back 83

third finger

front 84

what are the muscles of the interosseus compartments

back 84

palmar interossei
dorsal interossei

front 85

how many palmar interossei are there

back 85

three

front 86

what is the role of the palmar interossei

back 86

adduct; draw fingers back toward midline

front 87

how many dorsal interossei are there

back 87

4

front 88

what is the role of the dorsal interossei

back 88

help abduct (bring fingers out)

front 89

what abducts the pinky finger

back 89

abductor digiti minimi

front 90

what is this injury and where is it and when is this

back 90

median nerve at wrist

under normal conditions

front 91

what is this injury

where is this injury

when is this

back 91

benediction deformity

median nerve at elbow

when asked to make a fist

front 92

what are symptoms of median nerve injury at the wrist

back 92

loss of two lateral lumbricals and thenar muscles (ape hand deformity where thumb rotate and is stuck next to hand) and loss of sensation over thumb and 2-4.5 digits

front 93

what is always affected in a median nerve injury

back 93

thumb and lumbricals

front 94

what types of injuries could affect the median nerve at the wrist

back 94

carpal tunnel syndrome and laceration of wrist

front 95

what types of injuries could afefct the median nerve at the elbow

back 95

anterior puncture would

front 96

what does the ulnar nerve injury alwasy affect

back 96

digits

front 97

what could result from ulnar nerve injury

back 97

claw hand deformity: loss of flexion of 4th and 5th metacarpophalangeal joints, extension of both proximal interphalangeal joints, and flexion of distal interphalangeal joints

front 98

what type of deformity is this? when is it made? and where is the injury?

back 98

claw hand deformity

under normal conditions

injury is at wrist to ulnar nerve

front 99

what could reult from elbow level ulnar nerve injury

back 99

wrist abducts when asked to flex

front 100

what would an elbow level ulnar nerve injury result in

back 100

loss of flexor carpi ulnaris and sensory loss to medial side of hand and half of 4th and 5th digit

front 101

back 101

a. radial artery
b. ulnar artery
c. superficial palmar arch
d. deep palmar arch

front 102

what supplies the superficial palmar arch with blood

back 102

mainly from ulnar artery

front 103

what supplies the deep palmar artch with blood

back 103

mainly from radial artery

front 104

what are teh braches of the ulnar artery and which one is larger

back 104

superficial and deep; superficial is usually larger

front 105

what does the superficial ulnar branch usually anastomose with

back 105

superficial radial branch

front 106

what does the deep palmar arch anastomose with

back 106

deep branch of ulnar artery

front 107

what do the deep palmar and superficial palmar arteries usually anastomoes with

back 107

palmar metacarpal arteries

front 108

what cutaneous innervatino does the ulnar nerve's superficial branch supply

back 108

medial hand and medial 4th and 5th digit

front 109

what cutaneous innervation does the radial nerve's superficial branch supply

back 109

lateral dorsum of hand, proximal 1/2 of 1st-3rd digit

front 110

back 110

a. median nerve
b. radial nerve
c. ulnar nerve

front 111

back 111

a. median nerve
b. radial nerve
c. ulnar nerve

front 112

what cutaneous innervation does the median nerve supply

back 112

latreal palm of hand and first 3.5 digits, distal portion of palmar side of 1st 3.5 digits