front 1 Compared to the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system secretes | back 1 acetylcholine or norepinephrine |
front 2 Compared to the autonomic nervous system, receptors of the somatic nervous system include | back 2 nicotinic cholinergic receptors only |
front 3 Compared to the somatic nervous system, which of the following describes the neuron arrangement from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector in the autonomic nervous system? | back 3 two motor neurons in series |
front 4 The sympathetic division is also referred to as the _______________ division. | back 4 thoracolumbar |
front 5 The parasympathetic division is also referred to as the _______________ division. | back 5 craniosacral |
front 6 Nerve fibers of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system originate in which of the following segments of the central nervous system? | back 6 thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord |
front 7 Nerve fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system originate in which of the following segments of the central nervous system? | back 7 brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord |
front 8 In which of the following cranial nerves do the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers that innervate organs of the thorax and upper abdomen occur? | back 8 vagus |
front 9 In which of the following segments do the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers that send signals to organs within the pelvic cavity originate? | back 9 sacral region of the spinal cord |
front 10 Which of the following ganglia are associated with the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? | back 10 terminal |
front 11 Sympathetic preganglionic axons originate from neurons in the _______________ of the spinal cord. | back 11 lateral horns |
front 12 After traveling a short distance in a spinal nerve sympathetic preganglionic axons exit the spinal nerve in a | back 12 white ramus communicans |
front 13 Which of the following indicates the correct path sympathetic nerve fibers take when leaving the spinal cord before returning to a spinal nerve on their way to stimulate arrector pili muscles and sweat glands in the skin?
| back 13 4-3-1-2-5 |
front 14 Parasympathetic preganglionic axons in pathways leading to visceral effectors in the head occur in each of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT the | back 14 vagus nerves. |
front 15 Which of the following types of ganglia occur in chains on either side of the vertebral column? | back 15 paravertebral ganglia |
front 16 Nerve fibers of the _______________ division of the autonomic nervous system arise from the brainstem and the sacral region of the spinal cord. | back 16 parasympathetic |
front 17 Which of the following is true about the nerve fibers of sympathetic motor neurons? | back 17 Preganglionic fibers exit the spinal cord in the ventral roots of spinal nerves. |
front 18 Preganglionic axons of this division of the autonomic nervous system originate in the brainstem and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. | back 18 parasympathetic |
front 19 All of the following are true about autonomic sympathetic nerve fibers EXCEPT | back 19 preganglionic fibers begin in the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord. |
front 20 The parasympathetic fibers that control the secretion of saliva, tears and nasal secretions are conveyed in the | back 20 facial nerves. |
front 21 Parasympathetic fibers that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic cavity are conveyed in the _______________ nerve or arise from spinal nerves in the ______________ region. | back 21 vagus; sacral |
front 22 Parasympathetic ganglia are located near the _______________ and are called ______________. | back 22 target organs; terminal ganglia. |
front 23 The facial nerves include parasympathetic fibers that regulate | back 23 secretion of saliva, tears and nasal secretions. |
front 24 Parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerves form each of the following autonomic plexuses EXCEPT the | back 24 inferior hypogastric. |
front 25 Which of the following autonomic plexuses is formed by parasympathetic fibers that arise from spinal nerves S2 to S4? | back 25 inferior hypogastric |
front 26 Parasympathetic axons exit the brainstem in all of the following cranial nerves EXCEPT which of the following? | back 26 hypoglossal(XII) |
front 27 Sympathetic splanchnic nerves | back 27 carry preganglionic sympathetic axons to collateral ganglia after they pass through the sympathetic chain ganglia without synapsing. |
front 28 Sympathetic axons leave the sympathetic chain ganglia in all of the following EXCEPT | back 28 cranial nerves. |
front 29 Which of the following is NOT a collateral ganglion of the sympathetic division? | back 29 submandibular ganglion |
front 30 Which of the following is a terminal ganglion of the parasympathetic division? | back 30 ciliary ganglion |
front 31 The axons of preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division synapse within _______________ ganglia. | back 31 terminal |
front 32 Nicotinic receptors occur in the membranes of which of the following? | back 32 postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons |
front 33 Which of the following are NOT exclusively cholinergic neurons? | back 33 sympathetic postganglionic |
front 34 Which of the following are usually adrenergic neurons? | back 34 sympathetic postganglionic |
front 35 Nicotinic receptors in the autonomic nervous system are located in the membranes of | back 35 postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions. |
front 36 Which of the following receptors occur in the membranes of target cells of sympathetic postganglionic neurons? | back 36 alpha or beta adrenergic or muscarinic cholinergic |
front 37 Which of the following receptors occur in the membranes of target cells of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons? | back 37 muscarinic cholinergic |
front 38 Which of these receptors occur in the membranes of sympathetic postganglionic neurons? | back 38 nicotinic cholinergic |
front 39 Acetylcholine is always the neurotransmitter employed by each of the following EXCEPT | back 39 sympathetic postganglionic neurons. |
front 40 Norepinephrine is usually the neurotransmitter employed by | back 40 sympathetic postganglionic neurons. |
front 41 What type of receptors occur in the membranes of the adrenal medulla cells that respond to sympathetic stimulation by secreting the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine? | back 41 nicotinic cholinergic |
front 42 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors occur in each of the following locations except the membranes of | back 42 parasympathetic effector cells. |
front 43 The neurotransmitter acetylcholine binds to | back 43 nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. |
front 44 Which effectors would be stimulated after consumption of nicotine? | back 44 both parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic neurons |
front 45 Because it selectively activates beta receptors, which of the following drugs is used to dilate bronchioles in respiratory disorders such as asthma? | back 45 albuterol |
front 46 Which of the following is a parasympathetic blocking agent used to dilate the pupils during an eye examination? | back 46 atropine |
front 47 Which of the following types of neurons is least likely to be cholinergic? | back 47 sympathetic postganglionic |
front 48 The binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptors results in | back 48 an increase in intestinal motility. |
front 49 The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT | back 49 the diameter of blood vessels in skeletal muscles. |
front 50 The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have antagonistic effects on which of the following? | back 50 gastrointestinal motility |
front 51 _______________ stimulation leads to dilation of the pupils of the eyes and _______________ stimulation leads to constriction of the pupils. | back 51 Sympathetic; parasympathetic |
front 52 The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system have antagonistic effects on each of the following EXCEPT | back 52 the diameter of blood vessels in skeletal muscles. |
front 53 During stress the sympathetic division of the ANS would cause each of the following EXCEPT | back 53 contraction of the urinary bladder. |
front 54 Which of the following is NOT a parasympathetic effect? | back 54 dilation of the bronchioles in the lungs |
front 55 Which of the following is a sympathetic effect? | back 55 increased heart rate |
front 56 The parasympathetic fibers that control the muscles involved in constriction of the pupils in response to a bright light shined in eyes are conveyed in the | back 56 oculomotor nerves. |
front 57 The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system normally controls target cells with ____ receptors. | back 57 nicotinic and muscarinic |
front 58 Which of the following brain areas is the most important integrating center for autonomic nervous system functions? | back 58 hypothalamus |
front 59 Each of the following areas of the central nervous system serves as an integrating center for autonomic nervous system functions EXCEPT the | back 59 thalamus |
front 60 All of the following are true about the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system EXCEPT which one? | back 60 Each preganglionic neuron synapses with as many as 17 postganglionic neurons. |
front 61 Which of the following is NOT true about the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? | back 61 Effects on target organs are specific and local. |
front 62 Which of the following is NOT true about the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? | back 62 Stimulation affects several organs at the same time resulting in generalized effects. |
front 63 A decrease in blood pressure is detected by _______________ in the common carotid arteries and leads to a _______________ reflex that stimulates an increase in the heart rate and force of contraction. | back 63 baroreceptors; sympathetic |