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A&P II Lab Practical 2

front 1 **START OF KIDNEYS MASTERING HW Urinary tract	back 1 a. Kidney b. Urethra c. Renal artery d. Renal hilum e. Renal vein f. Ureter g. Urinary bladder
front 2 The kidneys are considered to be the major homeostatic organ of the body because ________. a. they excrete nitrogenous wastes, they maintain electrolyte balance, and they maintain acid-base and fluid balance b. they maintain electrolyte balance c. they maintain acid-base and fluid balance d. they excrete nitrogenous wastes	back 2 a. they excrete nitrogenous wastes, they maintain electrolyte balance, and they maintain acid-base and fluid balance
front 3 Of the following urinary system organs, the homeostatic functions are performed by the a. kidneys b. urinary bladder c. ureters d. urethra	back 3 a. kidneys
front 4 structure or structures that are much longer in males than in females	back 4 Urethra

front 5 What is the function of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra? a. electrolyte and acid-base balance b. transporting or storing urine c. excreting metabolic waste products d. helping to control blood pressure	back 5 b. transporting or storing urine
front 6 The outermost portion of the kidney is called the renal ________. a. medulla b. column c. cortex d. pelvis	back 6 c. cortex
front 7 Name the structures in the kidney that produce urine. a. nephrons b. major and minor calyces c. collecting ducts d. afferent and efferent arterioles	back 7 a. nephrons
front 8 List the parts of the nephron in correct sequential order: ________. a. proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, glomerulus b. glomerulus, loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule c. glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle d. loop of Henle, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule	back 8 c. glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle

front 9 The vessel that supplies blood to the nephron is called the ________. a. afferent arteriole b. efferent arteriole c. renal vein d. renal artery	back 9 a. afferent arteriole
front 10 Urine is formed by three processes. In which process do filtrate components that are useful to the body move from the nephron into the blood? a. tubular secretion b. filtration c. tubular reabsorption	back 10 c. tubular reabsorption
front 11 What is true about the urethral sphincters? a. The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control. b. The internal urethral sphincter is comprised of skeletal muscle. c. The external urethral sphincter is under involuntary control. d. Both sphincters are under voluntary control	back 11 a. The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control.
front 12 The functional units of the kidney, the nephrons, are located primarily in the renal ________. a. medulla b. pelvis c. columns d. cortex	back 12 d. cortex

front 13 These cells form a porous membrane surrounding the endothelial cells of the glomerulus. a. cuboidal cells b. squamous cells c. podocytes d. columnar cells	back 13 c. podocytes
front 14 Many nephrons empty into a ________. a. microcalyx b. columnar duct c. collecting duct d. renal tubule	back 14 c. collecting duct
front 15 During filtration in the nephron, substances move ________. a. from the glomerulus into the nephron b. from the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus c. from the peritubular capillary into the nephron d. from the nephron into the peritubular capillary	back 15 a. from the glomerulus into the nephron
front 16 Tubular secretion in the nephron is a process by which substances move ________. a. from the peritubular capillary into the nephron b. from the nephron into the peritubular capillary c. from the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus d. from the glomerulus into the nephron	back 16 a. from the peritubular capillary into the nephron

front 17 What is true about the renal processes for making urine? a. Secretion occurs only in the proximal convoluted tubule. b. Filtration occurs only in the glomerular capsule. c. Reabsorption occurs only in the proximal convoluted tubule. d. Filtration occurs only in the glomerular capsule, reabsorption occurs only in the proximal convoluted tubule, and secretion occurs only in the proximal convoluted tubule.	back 17 b. Filtration occurs only in the glomerular capsule.
front 18 The loops of Henle of the juxtamedullary nephrons are surrounded by a looping blood vessel called the ________. a. peritubular capillary b. medullary loop c. peri-Henle capillary d. vasa recta	back 18 d. vasa recta
front 19 The juxtaglomerular apparatus ________. a. contains a region of chemoreceptor cells called the macula densa in the distal loop of Henle b. is found where the most distal part of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle touches the afferent arteriole c. contains juxtaglomerular (granular) cells in the afferent arteriole that sense blood pressure d. is found where the most distal part of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle touches the afferent arteriole, contains juxtaglomerular (granular) cells in the afferent arteriole that sense blood pressure, and contains a region of chemoreceptor cells called the macula densa in the distal loop of Henle	back 19 d. is found where the most distal part of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle touches the afferent arteriole, contains juxtaglomerular (granular) cells in the afferent arteriole that sense blood pressure, and contains a region of chemoreceptor cells called the macula densa in the distal loop of Henle
front 20 ADD PICS IN LP2 MCC	back 20 no data

front 21 **START OF KIDNEY DISSECTION Name the strong transparent covering that encases the kidney. a. Broad ligament b. Renal fascia c. Fibrous capsule d. Perirenal fat capsule	back 21 c. fibrous capsule **The fibrous capsule is a thin strong sheet of connective tissue that encapsulates the kidney.
front 22 Where does the ureter penetrate the kidney? a. Renal cortex b. Hilum c. Carina d. Renal medullla	back 22 b. Hilum **The ureter, renal blood vessels and nerve supply all enter the kidney at the hilum.
front 23 The ureter, blood vessels, and nerves penetrate the kidney on its medial surface. T/F	back 23 True **The ureter, blood vessels, and nerve supply penetrate the kidney at its concave medial surface at the hilum.
front 24 The fibrous capsule is a layer of adipose tissue that surrounds the kidney. t/f	back 24 False **The fibrous capsule is a strong sheet of dense fibrous connective tissue. There is a layer of adipose tissue superficial to the fibrous capsule, called the perirenal fat capsule.

front 25 Which region of the kidney is the most superficial? a. Renal column b. Renal medulla c. Renal pelvis d. Renal cortex	back 25 d. Renal cortex ** The renal cortex is the most superficial region of the kidney. Renal corpuscles are found in the renal cortex. They are microscopic structures, so they can’t be observed on a kidney specimen. The renal corpuscles are responsible for the bumpy texture of the renal cortex that can be visualized.
front 26 Where does filtration of the blood occur within the kidneys? a. Renal pyramids b. Renal pelvis c. Renal cortex d. Renal medulla	back 26 c. Renal cortex ** Filtration takes place within the renal corpuscles located in the renal cortex.
front 27 Where are the renal columns located? a. Renal medulla b. Renal cortex c. Renal pelvis d. Renal pyramids	back 27 a. Renal medulla ** The renal columns are located between the renal pyramids in the renal medulla.
front 28 Identify the correct direction of urine flow from formation to exiting the kidney. a. Cortex, medulla, ureter, renal pelvis b. Medulla, cortex, renal pelvis, ureter c. Ureter, renal pelvis, medulla, cortex d. Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, ureter	back 28 d. Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, ureter ** Filtration occurs in the renal cortex, processing of the filtrate occurs within the renal tubules. Urine exits the renal pyramids into the renal pelvis, where it will be conveyed to the urinary bladder by the ureter.

front 29 Which structure is found separating the renal pyramids? a. Ureter b. Renal columns c. Renal pelvis d. Renal papillae	back 29 b. renal columns ** The renal columns are extensions of cortical tissue located in between the renal pyramids.
front 30 Which of the following regions of the kidney is in contact with the fibrous capsule? a. Renal pyramid b. Renal pelvis c. Renal cortex d. Renal medulla	back 30 c. renal cortex
front 31 A major calyx is a component of which of the following anatomical structures? a. Renal medulla b. Renal sinus c. Renal cortex d. Renal pelvis	back 31 d. Renal plevis ** The major branches of the renal pelvis are the major calyces, and the smaller branches that contact the renal papillae are the minor calyces.
front 32 Where does the kidney filter the blood? a. Renal pyramid b. Renal pelvis c. Renal corpuscle d. Renal tubule	back 32 c. Renal corpuscle ** The renal corpuscle is an interface between the blood supply and the kidney. It consists of the glomerulus, which is a capillary bed, and the glomerular (bowman’s) capsule, which is part of the nephron. Filtration is the exit of small substances from the blood in the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule of the

front 33 What is the function of the renal pelvis? a. Collects newly formed urine b. Receives the glomerular filtrate c. Changes the composition of urine d. Filters waste products out of the blood	back 33 a. Collects newly formed urine ** The minor calyces of the renal pelvis collect newly formed urine as it exits the renal papillae.
front 34 The medullary pyramids contain collecting tubules (ducts) that travel towards the renal cortex, carrying urine to exit the kidney. t/f	back 34 False ** the medullary pyramids contain collecting tubules that travel towards the renal papillae, carrying urine to exit the kidney.