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Anatomy Block III- Gluteal Region, Thigh, Lumbosacral Plexus

front 1

what makes up the bony structure of the lower limb

back 1

os coxae
femur
patella
tibia
fibula

front 2

back 2

a. os coxae
b. femur
c. patella
d. fibula
e. tibia

front 3

back 3

a. iliac crestes
b. anterior superior iliac spine
c. greater trochanter
d. ischial tuberosity
e. pubic crest and symphysis
f. posterior superior iliac spine

front 4

back 4

a. iliac crest
b. iliotibial tract
c. tensor fasciae latae
d. gluteus maximus
e. ischial tuberosity
f. iliotibial tract

front 5

back 5

a. gluteus medius
b. gluteus maximus
c. iliotibial tract

front 6

back 6

a. gluteus medius
b. piriformis
c. superior gemellus
d. tendon of obturator internus
e. inferior gemellus
f. quadratus femoris

front 7

back 7

a. gluteus minimus
b. piriformis
c. superior gemellus
d. inferior gemellus
e. obturator internus

front 8

back 8

a. piriformis muscle
b. sciatic nerve
c. inferior gemellus muscle
d. quadratus femoris muscle
e. gluteus medius

front 9

back 9

tensor fascia lata

front 10

back 10

a. tensor fascia latae
b. gluteus minimus
c. gluteus medius
d. quadratus femoris
e. gluteus maximus
f. piriformis
g. superior and inferior gemelli
h. obturator internus
i. obturator externus

front 11

what contributes to lateral rotation of the thigh

back 11

quadratus femoris
gluteus maximus
piriformis
superior and inferior gemelli
obturator internus
obturator externus

(sartorius)

front 12

what contributes to medial rotation of the thigh

back 12

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fasciae latae

(pectineus)

front 13

back 13

a. inferior gluteal nerve and vessels
b. supeiror gluteal nerve and vessels
c. sciatic nerve

front 14

back 14

Trendelenberg Test

front 15

what does the Trendelenberg Test try to show

back 15

paralysis of the gluteus minimus and medius

front 16

what will the trendelenberg test show

back 16

hip falls to the opposite side of paralysis

front 17

what is the action of the gluteus maximus

back 17

extends the thigh and does lateral/external thigh rotation

front 18

what innervates the gluteus maximus

back 18

inferior gluteal nerve L5-S2

front 19

where does the gluteus maximus run

back 19

off posterior superior iliac spine and down near sacrum, runs over and blends with iliotibial tract

front 20

what is the action of the gluteus medius and minimus

back 20

abducts and medially rotates thigh (when hip flexed)

front 21

what innervates the gluteus medius and minimus

back 21

superior gluteal nerve L4-S1

front 22

where is the gluteus medius? minimus?

back 22

directly underneath gluteus maximus but pokes out top, under gluteus minimus

front 23

where does the gluteus medius run

back 23

from posterior os coxae to femur

front 24

what is the shape of the piriformis

back 24

triangular shaped

front 25

what action does the piriformis do

back 25

lateral thigh rotation

front 26

what innervates the piriformis

back 26

anterior rami S1-S2

front 27

what are the roles of the superior gemellus and obturator internus

back 27

lateral rotators of thigh

front 28

what innervates the superior gemellus and obturator internus

back 28

nerve to obturator internus L5-S1

front 29

what are the roles of the inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris

back 29

lateral rotators of thigh

front 30

what innervates the inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris

back 30

nerve to quadratus femoris L5-S1

front 31

where is the tensor fascia latae and what does it tense on

back 31

anterior muscle on front of hip joint, tenses in IT band/tract

front 32

what is the fascia latae

back 32

deep CT around most of thigh muscles

front 33

how to tight IT band symptoms manifest themselves

back 33

can be at hip or condyle of femur as it crosses knee

front 34

what supplies the blood to the gluteal region

back 34

superior and inferior gluteal arteries

front 35

where should you do a gluteal intramuscular injection

back 35

upper lateral quadrant of buttock to avoid sup/inf gluteal nerves and sciatic nerves

front 36

back 36

a. iliotibial tract
b. fascia lata

front 37

what deep fascia surrounds the thigh

back 37

fascia latae and iliotibial tract/band

front 38

what compartments are formed by intermuscular septa

back 38

anterior, medial, posterior

front 39

what do muscles in the same compartment normally share

back 39

muscle action
innervation
blood supply

front 40

what is the shared action of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

back 40

flex thigh at hip, extend leg at knee

front 41

what is the innervation of the anterior thigh compartment

back 41

femoral nerve L2-L4

front 42

what is the major hip flexor muscle

back 42

iliopsoas

front 43

what innervates the iliacus

back 43

femoral nerve L2-L3

front 44

what innervates the psoas major

back 44

L1-L3 lumbar nerves

front 45

which of the quadriceps femoris muscles crosses the hip and can cause hip flexion

back 45

rectus femoris

front 46

what innervates the quadriceps femoris

back 46

femoral nerve

front 47

what are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

back 47

iliopsoas
quadriceps femoris
sartorius
(pectineus)

front 48

what muscles make up the iliopsoas

back 48

iliacus
psoas major

front 49

what muscles make up the quadriceps femoris

back 49

rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius

front 50

where do the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris insert

back 50

onto quadriceps tendon, which inserts on patella and then patella inserts onto tibia via patellar ligament

front 51

back 51

a. psoas major
b. iliacus
c. sartorius
d. rectus femoris
e. vastus lateralis
f. vastus medialis
g. pectineus

front 52

what is the path of the sartorius

back 52

originates at anterior superior iliac spine, crosses anterior portion of the thigh and knee, inserts at media side of tibia

front 53

what is the role of the sartorius

back 53

flexes thigh and knee and laterally rotates leg (due to crossing orientation)

front 54

why is the pectineus included in the anterior compartment muscles even though it is an ADDUCTOR and should be in the medial compartment functionally?

back 54

because it is innervated by the femoral nerve

front 55

what is the action of the pectineus

back 55

adduction of the leg
weak thigh flexor
medial rotator

front 56

what is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the thigh

back 56

femoral artery

front 57

back 57

a. vastus intermedius
b. femoral nerve and vessels
c. sartorius
d. vastus medialis
e. rectus femoris
f. vastus lateralis

front 58

back 58

a. adductor longus
b. gracilis

front 59

what is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh

back 59

adduction of the thigh

front 60

what muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh

back 60

gracilis
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
obturator externus

front 61

what is the path of gracilis

back 61

from pubic region of os coxae and inserts to tibia to the same region as sartorius

front 62

what is the action of the gracilis

back 62

adduction of leg
flexes thigh and knee

front 63

what innervates the gracilis

back 63

obturator nerve L2-L4

front 64

what innervates the adductor longus

back 64

obturator nerve

front 65

what innervates the adductor brevis

back 65

obturator nerve

front 66

what does the obturator externus do

back 66

lateral rotation of the thigh, not much adduction

front 67

what innervates the obturator externus

back 67

obturator nerve L2-L3

front 68

what do the adductor brevis and longus do

back 68

adduct the thigh

front 69

what are the two portions of the adductor magnus

back 69

adductor portion and hamstring portion

front 70

what are the funcitons of the adductor portion of the adductor magnus

back 70

adduction and flex thigh

front 71

what innervates the adductor portion of the adductor magnus

back 71

obturator nerve L2-L4

front 72

what innervates the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus

back 72

tibial nerve or sciatic before tibial branches off, from L4

front 73

what gives blood supply to the medial leg

back 73

obturator artery

front 74

what artery gives off branches to the posterior compartment but runs in the medial compartment

back 74

deep femoral artery

front 75

which adductors doesnt the obturator innervate

back 75

pectineus (femoral)
hamstring portion of adductor magnus (tibial)

front 76

what is the function of the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus

back 76

extend hip

front 77

back 77

a. adductor longus
b. adductor magnus

front 78

back 78

a. obturator externus
b. adductor brevis
c. adductor longus
d. adductor magnus

front 79

where does the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus attach?

back 79

to the adductor tubercle

front 80

back 80

a. adductor tubercle, where hamstring attaches

front 81

back 81

a. deep femoral vessels
b. adductor magnus
c. adductor brevis
d. gracilis
e. adductor longus

front 82

back 82

obturator nerve

front 83

back 83

a. semitendinosus
b. biceps femoris
c. semimembranosus

front 84

what is the functino of the posterior compartment of the thigh

back 84

extend thigh and flex leg

front 85

what are the components of the hamstrings muscles

back 85

semitendinosus
semimembranousus
biceps femoris

front 86

where is the semitendinosus muscle

back 86

medial side on top of semimembranosus but thickens near popliteal fossa

front 87

where is the semimembranosus muscle

back 87

medial side under semitendinosus, flatter and more membranous

front 88

what are the actions of the semitendinosus

back 88

thigh extension and knee flexion

front 89

what are the actions of the semimembranosus

back 89

thigh extension and knee flexion

front 90

what are the actions of the biceps femoris

back 90

thigh extension and knee flexion

front 91

what innervates semitendinosus

back 91

tibial nerve

front 92

what innervates semimembranosus

back 92

tibial nerve

front 93

what innervates the biceps femoris

back 93

long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve L5-S2
short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve

front 94

what nerve is present in the posterior compartment of the thigh

back 94

sciatic nerve

front 95

what gives blood to the posterior compartment

back 95

perforating branches of the deep femoral artery

front 96

what are the parts of the sciatic nerve

back 96

tibial division
common fibular division

front 97

back 97

a. piriformis
b. common fibular nerve
c. common fibular nerve
d. tibial nerve

front 98

back 98

a. iliotibial band/tract
b. biceps femoris: short head
c. biceps femoris: long head
d. semitendinosus
e. semimebranosus
f. sciatic nerve

front 99

back 99

a. inguinal ligament
b. adductor longus
c. apex of femoral triangle
d. sartorius

front 100

what passes through the saphenous opening

back 100

great saphenous vein

front 101

what often protrudes through the femoral canal in a femoral hernia

back 101

small intestine

front 102

how can the femoral hernia affect the body

back 102

can interfere with venous drainage, usually doesnt fix itself

front 103

what is the femoral triangle and canal

back 103

triangular space containing femoral vessels and nerve

front 104

what is the base of the femoral triangle

back 104

inguinal ligament

front 105

what is the lateral border of the femoral triangle

back 105

sartorius

front 106

what is the medial border of the femoral triangle

back 106

adductor longus

front 107

what forms the apex of the femoral triangle

back 107

adductor longus and sartorius

front 108

what does the femoral sheath cover

back 108

all but the femoral nerve

front 109

what is a femoral hernia

back 109

herniation through the femoral canal

front 110

is femoral herniation more common in women or men

back 110

women

front 111

what is the difference between hiatal and inguinal hernias

back 111

no data

front 112

what nerves make up the lumbar plexus

back 112

iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
femoral nerve
obturator nerve
lumbosacral trunk

front 113

what nerves make up the sacral plexus

back 113

superior gluteal nerve
inferior gluteal nerve
nerve to piriformis
sciatic nerve (common fibular division and tibial division)
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
pudendal nerve

front 114

what kind of innervation supplies the leg extensors?

back 114

posterior division of anterior ramus

front 115

what kind of innervation supplies the thigh abductors

back 115

posterior division of anterior ramus

front 116

what kind of innervation supplies the leg flexors

back 116

anterior division of anterior ramus

front 117

what kind of innervation supplies the thigh adductors

back 117

anterior division of anterior ramus

front 118

back 118

a. femoral nerve
b. lateral femoral sheath
c. intermediate femoral sheath
d. medial/canal femoral sheath

front 119

back 119

femoral hernia

front 120

back 120

a. femoral nerve
b. obturator nerve
c. lumbosacral trunk

front 121

back 121

a. superior gluteal nerve
b. inferior gluteal nerve
c. sciatic nerve, top part common fibular division and bottom part tibial division

front 122

back 122

a. dorsal ramus
b. posterior division of anterior ramus
- supplies dorsal mass muscles (leg extensors, thigh abductors)
d. anterior division of anterior ramus
- supplies ventral mass muscles (leg flexors, thigh adductors)
e. ventral ramus
f. ventral root
g. spinal nerve
h. dorsal root

front 123

what provides autonomics to the lower extremities

back 123

lumbosacral plexus

front 124

what type of general nervous function does the lumbosacral plexus provide

back 124

sympathetics only= vasomotor to blood vessels and stimulation of arrector pili and sweat glands in the skin

front 125

what levels does the femoral nerve originate from

back 125

posterior divisions L2-L4

front 126

what region does the femoral nerve innervate

back 126

anterior thigh

front 127

what levels does the obturator nerve originate from

back 127

anterior divisions L2-L4

front 128

what region does the obturator nerve innervate

back 128

medial thigh

front 129

which sacral plexus nerves form the posterior divisions of the anterior rami

back 129

superior and inferior gluteal nerves

front 130

what levels does the sciatic nerve originate from

back 130

L4-S3

front 131

what does the tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervate? which division of the anterior ramus is it from

back 131

posterior thigh, anterior division

front 132

what does the common fibular division of the sciatic nerve innervate? which division of the anterior ramus is it from

back 132

mostly to lower leg and foot, posterior division

front 133

back 133

a. ventral rami
b. ventral rami
c. ventral rami
d. dorsal rami

front 134

what contributes to the cutaneous innervations of the gluteal region

back 134

posterior rami for upper inner quadrant, ventral rami for the rest

front 135

back 135

a. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
b. cutaneous branches of femoral nerve
c. cutaneous branches of obturator nerve
d. genitofemoral nerve

front 136

what nerves innervate the anterior thigh cutaneously

back 136

genitofemoral nerve
cutaneous branches of obturator nerve
cutaneous branches of femoral nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

front 137

what does the genitofemoral nerve innervate cutaneously

back 137

cutaneous region of the upper anterior part of the thigh

front 138

what do the cutaneous branches of the obturator nerve innervate cutaneously

back 138

upper medial part of the anteiror cutaneous region of the thigh

front 139

what do the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve innervate cutaneously

back 139

anterior and lower medial cutaneous region of the thigh

front 140

what does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervate cutaneously

back 140

upper lateral region cutaneous region of the thigh

front 141

what nerves innervate the posterior thigh cutaneously

back 141

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
cutaneous branches of obturator nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

front 142

back 142

a. cutaneous branches of obturator nerve
b. posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
c. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

front 143

what is the main innervation of the posterior thigh?

back 143

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve