front 1 A function of the nervous system? | back 1 protection and activation of an effector organ |
front 2 The central nervous system contains the brain and the spinal cord? | back 2 2. false |
front 3 Which of the following are not major divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
| back 3 E. central division |
front 4 The somatic motor component of the primary nervous system is involuntary? | back 4 4. False |
front 5 While studying for an exam, you reach for a beverage. To extend your arm,your_____________ nervous system is activated? | back 5 Somatic |
front 6 The door slams shut loudly and you flinch. After a few seconds, you realize that your heart is beating very rapidly and forcefully. This response is the result of your ____________ nervous system? | back 6 autonomic |
front 7 Is oligodendrocyte cell in the CNS or the PNS? | back 7 7. CNS |
front 8 Is the nuclei cell in the CNS or the PNS? | back 8 8. CNS |
front 9 Is the Tracts cell in the CNS or the PNS? | back 9 9. CNS |
front 10 Is the Schwann cells in the CNS or PNS? | back 10 10. PNS |
front 11 Is a ganglia cells in the CNS or PNS? | back 11 11. PNS |
front 12 Is the nerves cells in the CNS or PNS? | back 12 12. PNS |
front 13 What is the cell type?
| back 13 astrocytes |
front 14 What is the cell type?
| back 14 Microglial cells |
front 15 What is a cell type?
| back 15 Ependymal cells |
front 16 What is a cell type?
| back 16 oligodendrocytes |
front 17 What is the cell type?
| back 17 Schwann cells |
front 18 What is the cell type?
| back 18 Neuron |
front 19 What portion of the diencephalon is considered to be the relay station for information coming into the cerebral cortex? | back 19 Thalamus |
front 20 Match the appropriate description of gray and white matter with its location in the nervous system.
| back 20 B. brain |
front 21 Match the appropriate description of gray and white matter with its location in the nervous system.
| back 21 A. Spinal cord |
front 22 The dendrites contain most normal cell contents: and a spherical nucleus with necleolus and have well developed Golgi apparatus. | back 22 22. False |
front 23 The clusters of cell bodies are called nuclei in the CNS. | back 23 23. True |
front 24 The dendrites convey electrical signals away from the cell body. | back 24 24. False |
front 25 The position of the axon that communicates with its target cell is the? | back 25 Cell body |
front 26 Which of the following are not functions of the myelin sheath?
| back 26 D. Provide structural support for the axon |
front 27 what is the main visceral control center of the body, control blood pressure, heart rate, digestive functions and add centers for emotional responses? | back 27 Hypothalamus |
front 28 what are the appropriate steps in the functional classification of neurons?
| back 28 Sensory neurons; motor neurons |
front 29 Afferent; transmits impulses toward the CNS? | back 29 29. Sensory |
front 30 Efferent; transmit impulses from the CNS to effectors? | back 30 30. Motor |
front 31 The outer cortex of gray matter present in the cerebellum is composed primarily of? | back 31 neuron cell body |
front 32 What is the name of the heart of the brain that is the site of conscious mind: awareness, sensory perception, involuntary movement, communication, memory storage, and understanding or higher learning? | back 32 Cerebral cortex |
front 33 Each hemisphere of the brain will not to the contralateral side of the body? | back 33 33. True |
front 34 The primary motor cortex is found on the__________area of the brain. | back 34 pre central gyri |
front 35 Which lobe is responsible for the motor part of speech? | back 35 frontal lobe |
front 36 Which of the following is not a lobe in each cerebral hemisphere? | back 36 maxilla |
front 37 Which lobe is responsible for vision? | back 37 occipital lobe |
front 38 Which lobe is responsible for somatosensation or something pain, temperature and pressure? | back 38 parietal lobe |
front 39 Which structure is responsible for or naming smooth movement? | back 39 Cerebellum |
front 40 The olfactory cortex is located in the _________ lobe? | back 40 Temporal |
front 41 The gustatory cortex is located in the_______ lobe? | back 41 Insula |
front 42 The vestibular cortex is located in the__________ lobe? | back 42 Insula |
front 43 An Association area helps to enter the information coming from a primary area of cortex? | back 43 43. True |
front 44 The multimodal Association areas are responsible for receiving inputs from multiple senses and allowing us to give meaning to information that is received and stores it as memory. | back 44 44. True |
front 45 The basal nuclei areas are responsible for receiving inputs from multiple senses and allows us to give meaning to information that is received and stores it as memory. | back 45 45. False |
front 46 Which of the following is not a function of the basal nuclei?
| back 46 E. Responsible for receiving inputs from multiple infant and give meaning to information. |
front 47 Which of the following is not considered to be part of the multimodal association area?
| back 47 D. Basal Association area |
front 48 What is the name of the structure that connects the right and left, hemispheres and allows information to cross? | back 48 corpus callosum |
front 49 Which term refers to the crossing of motor fibers in the medulla oblongata of the brain stem so that the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body? | back 49 contralateral control |
front 50 Which layer of meninges is loosely attached by web like fibers, allowing a space for the movement of CFF? | back 50 Arcachnoid |
front 51 Which of the four categories is responsible for pain, touch, temperature, the muscles sense, pressure, and vibration?
| back 51 B. General sensory |
front 52 Which structure connects the cerebellum with other portions of the brain is name means "bridge". | back 52 Pons |
front 53 What is the name of the structure that forms the CSF? | back 53 choroid plexus |
front 54 what is the correct order of CSF flow through the brain? | back 54 lateral ventricles, intraventricular foramina, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle |
front 55 The outer gray matter of the brain that is the most evolved part of the brain and is responsible for conscious thought, reasoning, and abstract mental function is called? | back 55 Cerebral cortex |
front 56 Which of the following is not considered general senses?
| back 56 equilibrium |
front 57 Which of the following structures are not considered to help protect the brain?
| back 57 Myelin |
front 58 Which functional brain system is responsible for controlling all aspects of emotion? | back 58 limbic system |
front 59 Which of the functional brain system is responsible for governing arousal of the brain as a whole? | back 59 Reticular formation |
front 60 Which is the name of the functional range system that sends impulses to the cerebral cortex to keep it conscious and alert, and helps to filter out repetitive and weak stimuli? | back 60 Reticular activating system |
front 61 The____________ of the brain is the location of our conscious mind? | back 61 Cerebral cortex |
front 62 Of the following brain regions, which, if severely damaged, would result in death? | back 62 Medulla oblongata |
front 63 Cerebral spinal fluid is produced by___________(structure) and is located in ____________ (part of the diencephalon)? | back 63 Choroid plexus; epithalamus |
front 64 The blood brain barrier is not permeable to ____________? | back 64 water-soluble substances |
front 65 The terminal portion of the spinal cord is called ______________ and it ends at the __________ spinal level? | back 65 Conus Medullaris; L1-L2 (lumbar) vertebral levels |
front 66 In the spinal nerves, the dorsal root ganglion contains motor function? | back 66 66. False |
front 67 Cervical has how many spinal nerves? | back 67 Eight |
front 68 Thoracic has how many spinal nerves? | back 68 Twelve |
front 69 Lumbar has how many spinal nerves? | back 69 five |
front 70 Sacral has how many spinal nerves? | back 70 five |
front 71 Coccygeal has how many spinal nerves? | back 71 One |
front 72 The__________ portion of the spinal cord control muscle movement? | back 72 Ventral |
front 73 What is the term used for the connective tissue layer that encloses the individual axons and Myelin sheath of a nerve? | back 73 endoneurium |
front 74 Most nerves are mixtures of afferent and efferent fibers and somatic and autonomatic fibers? | back 74 74. true |
front 75 Acetylcholine is a Nerotransmitter used in skeletal muscle for muscle contraction and in the sympathetic nervous system. | back 75 75. False |
front 76 Match the following description with being and active associated with the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system. Mark C for sympathetic or Mark D for Parasympathetic.
| back 76 76. parasympathetic
|
front 77 A synonym for the autonomic nervous system reflects its major function. The synonym is_____________? | back 77 The involuntary nervous system |
front 78 What is the name of the general receptor type that would respond to stimuli arising outside of the body? | back 78 exteroreceptor |
front 79 What type of sensory receptor is sensitive to pain causing stimuli? | back 79 Nociceptors |
front 80 What type of sensory receptor is responsible for detecting movement? | back 80 Mechanoreceptors |
front 81 Is sensation of the conscious interpretation of stimuli? | back 81 no (false) |
front 82 Nearly half of the cerebral cortex is involved in processing visual information and 70% of all sensory receptors are in the eye? | back 82 82. true |
front 83 What structure of the eye is part of the fibrous tunic, and is made of top connective tissue and appears white? | back 83 sclera |
front 84 What structure of the eye contains the rods,cones and retina? | back 84 nervous tunic |
front 85 What structure of the eye is a soft, jellylike substance that fills the entire posterior to the lens that is "glass like," maintains the shape of the eye and aids in refraction? | back 85 Vitreous body |
front 86 What structure is highly sensitive to light and functions best in dim light? | back 86 Rods |
front 87 Which division of the year contains the incus, malleus, and Staples? | back 87 middle ear |
front 88 What is the term used to describe the external portion of the ear that is visible and protecting, composed of cartilage? | back 88 Pinna |
front 89 Where is the Eustachian or auditory tube connected to? | back 89 the pharynx and the middle ear |
front 90 Which of the following is not considered a receptor for taste? | back 90 Peppery |
front 91 Hot and cold pain receptors are separated from one another? | back 91 91. true |
front 92 Which vitamin is helpful for manufacturing rhodopsin, the light-sensitive pigment? | back 92 Vitamin A |
front 93 There are two categories of muscles in the eye, muscles that control extrinsic movements and muscles that control intrinsic movements? | back 93 93. true |
front 94 The sense of smell and taste are not closely related? | back 94 94. false |
front 95 What stimulates uterine contractions, initiates labor and initiates milk ejection? | back 95 Oxytocin |
front 96 what stimulates milk production by mammary glands: promotes lactation? | back 96 PRL |
front 97 What stimulates growth and hormonal activity of ovarian follicles, stimulates growth of testes, promote sperm cell development? | back 97 FSH |
front 98 What stimulates kidney tubule cell to reabsorb water? | back 98 ADH |
front 99 What stimulates liver, muscle, bone, cartilage, and other tissue: anabolic hormone: stimulates somatic growth, mobilizes fats, spares glucose? | back 99 GH |
front 100 What stimulates the adrenal cortex to promote release of glucocorticoids and androgens? | back 100 ACTH |
front 101 What stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones? | back 101 TSH |
front 102 What stimulates abolition and a very and production of estrogen and in males promotes testosterone production? | back 102 LH |
front 103 Which of the following are not secreted by the anterior pituitary?
| back 103 ADH, oxytocin |
front 104 Which of the following are not major functions of what hormones will control for integrate?
| back 104 D. Physical protection |
front 105 The endoctrine system uses ducts to deliver hormones two different areas of the body | back 105 105 false |
front 106 Water soluble hormones act on receptors in the plasma membrane and are usually coupled with regulatory molecules called G proteins. | back 106 106 true |
front 107 Thyroid hormone is a water-soluble hormone. | back 107 107 false |
front 108 Target cell activation occurs by binding a hormone to a receptor site, but what other components are also important to the effectiveness of the hormone? | back 108 A.blood levels of the hormone,C. relative numbers of receptors for that hormone on or in the target cells, D.the affinity of the binding between the hormone in the receptor.answer is capital E. All of the above except B.. |
front 109 What is the correct order of the steps for lipid soluble, steroid hormones that diffuse into their target tissue to activate a gene directly? | back 109 The steroid binds to the plasma membrane, this triggers a G protein,the G protein binds with specific DNA region, and the binding initiates translation of the gene to M RNA, the M RNA then directs proteins synthesis. |
front 110 Endocrine glands that secrete their hormones in direct response to changing blood levels a certain critical ions and nutrients is called? | back 110 humoral stimuli |
front 111 ___________ is the term used to describe what happens when low-level of a hormone can cause its target cell to form additional receptors for that hormone. | back 111 up regulation |
front 112 What hormones promote salt (and thus water) retention and potassium excretion? | back 112 aldosterone |
front 113 What hormone increase metabolic rate, influencing both physical and mental activities; requiring for normal growth.? | back 113 T3 and T4 |
front 114 What hormone increases blood pressure and heart rate; activates cells influenced by sympathetic nervous system plus may not be supplied by sympathetic nerves? | back 114 epinephrine |
front 115 What hormone regulates exchange of calcium between blood and bones; increases calcium level in blood? | back 115 PTH |
front 116 Which of the following hormones is not released in the adrenal cortex?
| back 116 catecholamines, epinephrine and norepinephrine |
front 117 Which portion of the brain controls the pituitary gland? | back 117 Hypothalamus |
front 118 The master gland of the body is the? | back 118 parathyroid gland |
front 119 Which pancreatic cells produce insulin? | back 119 Beta |
front 120 Which is not a function of hormones?
| back 120 regulation of thoughts |
front 121 Name the adrenal hormone?
| back 121 mineral corticoids |
front 122 Name the adrenal hormone?
| back 122 Glucocorticoids |
front 123 Name the adrenal hormone?
| back 123 gonadocorticoids |
front 124 Name the adrenal hormone?
| back 124 catecholamines |
front 125 Fill in the missing steps for appropriate regulation of thyroid hormone secretion.
| back 125 hypothalamus B,A,C
|
front 126 Which of the following stimulate metabolic activities, bronchial dilation, and blood flow to the skeletal muscles and the heart? | back 126 Epinephrine |
front 127 Which of the following are not functions of the adrenal medulla?
| back 127 blood delivered to sex organs |
front 128 Which of the following is not true of gonadocorticoids?
| back 128 stimulation of the ovarian follicles |
front 129 Which of the following are true of cortisol
| back 129 D. A and B |
front 130 Which of the following is not considered to be a mechanism of aldosterone secretion?
| back 130 calcitonin |
front 131 Name the appropriate zone in the adrenal cortex to its appropriate corticosteroid produced
| back 131 mineralcorticoid |
front 132 name the appropriate zone in the adrenal cortex to its appropriate cortisteroid produced
| back 132 glucocorticoid |
front 133 name the appropriate zone in the adrenal cortex to its appropriate Cortisteroid produced
| back 133 gonadocorticoid |
front 134 Which of the following is not a function of the parathyroid?
| back 134 e. Stimulate osteoblasts to deposit more calcium matrix |
front 135 Antagonist to parathyroid hormone (PTH), inhibits osteoclast activity and release of Ca2 from bone matrix | back 135 calcitonin |
front 136 T4 is represented as a larger percent then T4, but T4 is 4-10 times as potent. | back 136 136. true |
front 137 Fill in the blank with the appropriate steps in stimulating the adrenal cortex. Hypothalamus-->___________--> adrenal cortex-->________________. | back 137 CRH, release corticosteroid hormones |
front 138 Which of the following is not included in the hypopyseal portal system?
| back 138 A. Inferior hypopyseal artery |
front 139 Hypopyseal is another name for? | back 139 pituitary gland |
front 140 Where are posterior pituitary hormones synthesized? | back 140 In hypothalamic neurons |
front 141 Another name for growth hormone is? | back 141 somatotropin |