front 1 Franklin D. Roosevelt | back 1 32nd US President - He began New Deal programs to help the nation out of the Great Depression, and he was the nation's leader during most of WWII |
front 2 Eleanor Roosevelt | back 2 FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women |
front 3 Harry Hopkins | back 3 A New York social worker who headed the Federal Emergency Relief Administration and Civil Works Administration. He helped grant over 3 billion dollars to the states wages for work projects, and granted thousands of jobs for jobless Americans. |
front 4 Frances Perkins | back 4 She was the U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet. As a loyal supporter of her friend Franklin D. Roosevelt, she helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal coalition |
front 5 Charles Coughlin | back 5 A radio priest who was anti-Semetic and anti-New Deal. He catered away some support from FDR. |
front 6 Huey Long | back 6 Immensely popular governor and senator of Louisiana; provided tax favors, roads, schools, free textbooks, charity hospitals, and improved public services for Louisiana citizens; cost: corruption and personal dictatorship; formed national organization (Share Our Wealth) |
front 7 Francis Townsend | back 7 American physician and social reformer whose plan for a government-sponsored old-age pension was a precursor of the Social Security Act of 1935. |
front 8 Ruth Benedict | back 8 A researcher who argued that the sexual socialization of youngsters in many traditional societies was a calm and non stressful process in societies in which sexual experimentation was treated openly. Prominent 1930s social scientist who argued that each culture produced its own type of personality |
front 9 Pearl Buck | back 9 novelist who won Nobel Peace prize, advanced humanitarian causes. "Americans in China" |
front 10 John Steinbeck | back 10 American novelist who wrote "The Grapes of Wrath". (1939) A story of Dust bowl victims who travel to California to look for a better life. |
front 11 Mary McLeod Bethune | back 11 United States educator who worked to improve race relations and educational opportunities for Black Americans (1875-1955) |
front 12 Harold Ickes | back 12 Interior Secretary under the Roosevelt administration. He organized liberal Republicans for Roosevelt in 1932. |
front 13 George W. Norris | back 13 US Senator from Nebraska responsible for the REA, TVA, 22nd Amendment and the Nebraska Unicameral |
front 14 John L. Lewis | back 14 He was a miner known for creating the United Mine Workers. He helped found the CIO and was responsible for the Fair Labor Standards Act. |
front 15 John Maynard Keynes | back 15 English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946) |
front 16 Alfred M. Landon | back 16 Republican who carried only two states in a futile campaign against "the champ" in 1936 |
front 17 "the forgotten man" | back 17 A nickname given to everyday Americans people by FDR during the depression |
front 18 parity | back 18 equality, as in amount, status, or value |
front 19 New Deal | back 19 President Franklin Roosevelt's precursor of the modern welfare state (1933-1939); programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insurance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state's intervention in U.S. social and economic life. RELIEF, RECOVERY, AND REFORM |
front 20 Brain Trust | back 20 Group of expert policy advisers who worked with FDR in the 1930s to end The Great Depression |
front 21 Hundred Days | back 21 The special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months. |
front 22 the "three Rs" | back 22 Relief, Reform, Recovery |
front 23 Glass-Steagall Act | back 23 (Banking Act of 1933) - Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and included banking reforms, some designed to control speculation. Repealed in 1999, opening the door to scandals involving banks and stock investment companies. |
front 24 Civilian Conservation Corps | back 24 Hired young, unemployed people to do restoration projects throughout the country, employed over 3 million people. |
front 25 Works Progress Administration | back 25 May 6, 1935- Began under Hoover and continued under Roosevelt but was headed by Harry L. Hopkins. Provided jobs and income to the unemplyed but couldn't work more than 30 hours a week. It built many public buildings and roads, and as well operated a large arts project. |
front 26 National Recovery Act | back 26 A New Deal legislation that focused on the employment of the unemployed and the regulation of unfair business ethics. This pumped cash into the economy to stimulate the job market and created codes that businesses were to follow to maintain the ideal of fair competition and created this. |
front 27 Schechter case | back 27 Stated that congress could not delegate legislative powers to the executive. Also known as the sick chicken decision because of the involvement of a fowl business in new york. |
front 28 Public Works Administration | back 28 1935 Created for both industrial recovery and for unemployment relief. Headed by the Secretary of Interior Harold L. Ickes, it aimed at long-range recovery and spent $4 billion on thousands of projects that included public buildings, highways, and parkways. |
front 29 Agricultural Adjustment Act | back 29 (FDR) 1933 and 1938 , Helped farmers meet mortgages. Unconstitutional because the government was paying the farmers to waste 1/3 of there products. Created by Congress in 1933 as part of the New Deal this agency attempted to restrict agricultural production by paying farmers subsidies to take land out of production. |
front 30 "Every Man a King" | back 30 the slogan of the share our wealth movement of Louisiana senator Huey Long |
front 31 Dust Bowl | back 31 Region of the Great Plains that experienced a drought in 1930 lasting for a decade, leaving many farmers without work or substantial wages. |
front 32 Securities and Exchange Commission | back 32 A government commission created by Congress to regulate the securities markets and protect investors. In addition to regulation and protection, it also monitors the corporate takeovers in the U.S. |
front 33 Tennessee Valley Authority | back 33 A relief, recovery, and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land. It brought cheap electric power, low-cost housing, cheap nitrates, and the restoration of eroded soil. |
front 34 Federal Housing Administration | back 34 A federal agency established in 1943 to increase home ownership by providing an insurance program to safeguard the lender against the risk of nonpayment. |
front 35 Social Security Act | back 35 The act passed by FDR that provided for immediate relief for poor elderly; national Old-Age and survivors insurance, a shared federal-state plan of unemployment insurance, and public assistance programs (AFDC) |
front 36 Wagner Act | back 36 1935; established National Labor Relations Board; protected the rights of most workers in the private sector to organize labor unions, to engage in collective bargaining, and to take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands. |
front 37 National Labor Relations Board | back 37 Act establishing federal guarantee of right to organize trade unions and collective bargaining. |
front 38 Congress of Industrial Organizations | back 38 A federation of labor union for all unskilled workers. It provided a national labor union for unskilled workers, unlike the AFL, which limited itself to skilled workers. |
front 39 sitdown strike | back 39 Work stoppage in which workers shut down all machines and refuse to leave a factory until their demands are met. |
front 40 Indian Reorganization Act | back 40 1934 - Restored tribal ownership of lands, recognized tribal constitutions and government, and provided loans for economic development. |
front 41 Liberty League | back 41 Conservatives who did not agree with Roosevelt, they wanted government to let business alone and play a less active role in the economy. Members of this organization complained that the New Deal interfered too much with business and with people's lives. |
front 42 Roosevelt coalition | back 42 an alignment of interest groups and voting blocks used to remain Democratic party in power-labor unions, minority groups involved |
front 43 Court-packing plan | back 43 President FDR's failed 1937 attempt to increase the number of US Supreme Court Justices from 9 to 15 in order to save his 2nd New Deal programs from constitutional challenges |
front 44 Keynesianism | back 44 Belief in aggressive government intervention to combat recession & promote economic growth, especially by massive federal spending ("stimulus") |
front 45 Bank Holiday 1933 | back 45 Franklin D Roosevelt declared that all banks were to be closed on March 6, 1933 |
front 46 Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933 | back 46 March 6, 1933 - FDR ordered a bank holiday. Many banks were failing because they had too little capital, made too many planning errors, and had poor management. The Emergency Banking Relief Act provided for government inspection, which restored public confidence in the banks. |
front 47 Fireside Chats | back 47 radio broadcasts made by FDR to the American people to explain his initiatives |
front 48 Gold Standard | back 48 A monetary system in which paper money and coins are equal to the value of a certain amount of gold |
front 49 CCC | back 49 Civilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc. |
front 50 FERA | back 50 Federal Emergency Relief Administration: combined cash relief to needy families with work relief |
front 51 AAA | back 51 Agricultural Adjustment Administration: attempted to regulate agricultural production through farm subsidies; ruled unconstitutional in 1936; disbanded after World War II |
front 52 HOLC | back 52 (Home Owners' Loan Corporation) Relief and Recovery. Helped home-owners and mortgage companies. government payed companies for the home-owners so they could keep their homes and pay off w/ lower interest and longer time. |
front 53 CWA | back 53 Civil Works Adminstration: emergency work relief program, put more than four million people to work during the winter of 1933-34 |
front 54 Share Our Wealth Program | back 54 Huey Long's economic program that would have eliminated poverty by giving every family a minimum income; the program also called for providing an old-age pension to elderly people |
front 55 WPA | back 55 Work Progress Administration: Massive work relief program funded projects ranging from construction to acting; disbanded by FDR during WWII |
front 56 Margaret Mead | back 56 United States anthropologist noted for her claims about adolescence and sexual behavior in Polynesian cultures (1901-1978) |
front 57 NRA | back 57 National Recovery Administration: established and adminstered a system of industrial codes to control production, prices, labor relations, and trade practices |
front 58 PWA | back 58 Public Works Administration. Part of Roosevelts New Deal programs. Put people to work building or improving public buildings like schools, post offices,etc. |
front 59 21st Amendment | back 59 Repeal of Prohibition |
front 60 Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act | back 60 Replaced the AAA in which farmers were paid to cut production of soil depleting crops and they were also given reward s for practicing good soil conservation methods |
front 61 Second Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 | back 61 replaced National Recovery Administration (Agricultural Adjustment Act), it paid farmers to plant crops like soybeans or leave the land fallow |
front 62 The Grapes of Wrath | back 62 John Steinbeck's novel about a struggling farm family during the Great Depression. Gave a face to the violence and exploitation that migrant farm workers faced in America |
front 63 Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act | back 63 It made possible a suspension of mortgage foreclosures for 5 years. It was struck down in 1935 by the Supreme Court. |
front 64 Resettlement Administration (RA) | back 64 RELIEF under Brain Trust, Rexford Tugwell, provided loans to sharecroppers, tenants, and small farmers. It also established federal camps where migrant workers could find decent housing. |
front 65 John Collier | back 65 Head of the Bureau of Indian Affairs who introduced the Indian New Deal and pushed congress to pass Indian Reorganization Act |
front 66 Federal Securities Act | back 66 (FDR) 1933, 1934, , required promoters to transmit to the investor sworn information regarding the soundness of their stocks and bonds |
front 67 SEC | back 67 Securities and Exchange Commission |
front 68 Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 | back 68 an act that took aim at financial corruption in public utilities industry, outlawing the ownership of utilities by multiple holding companies |
front 69 TVA | back 69 (Tennessee Valley Authority Act) Relief, Recover, and Reform. one of the most important acts that built a hyro-electric dam for a needed area. |
front 70 FHA | back 70 The Federal Housing Administration gave both the construction industry and homeowners a boost by insuring bank loans for building new houses and repairing old ones |
front 71 CIO | back 71 Congress of Industrial Organizations. proposed by John L. Lewis in 1932. a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955. |
front 72 Fair Labor Standards Act | back 72 1938 act which provided for a minimum wage and restricted shipments of goods produced with child labor |
front 73 20th Amendment | back 73 Congress begins on January 30th; President starts on January 20th "Lame-duck" Amendment |
front 74 "Roosevelt Recession" of 1937 | back 74 1937 economic downturn caused by sound fiscal policy due to cut spending and higher taxes |
front 75 Hatch Act (1939) | back 75 Permitted government employees to vote in government elections but forbade them from participating in partisan politics |