Teddy Roosevelt's New Nationalism

campaigned for stronger control of trusts, woman suffrage, and programs of social welfare.

Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom

favored small enterprise, entrepreneurship, and the free functioning of unregulated and unmonopolized markets. Shunned the social-welfare programs and supported the fragmentation of trusts.

The 1912 presidential election was notable because

it gave the voters a choice of political and economic philosophies

Match each 1912 presidential candidate below with his political party. A. Woodrow Wilson B. Theodore Roosevelt C. William Howard Taft D. Eugene V. Debs 1. Socialist 2. Democratic 3. Republican 4. Progressive

A:2, B:4, C:3, D:1

According to the text, the runaway philosophical winner in the 1912 election was

progressivism

In 1912 Woodrow Wilson became the first __________ elected to the presidency since the Civil War

southerner

Woodrow Wilson was most comfortable surrounded by

Academic Scholars

Woodrow Wilson's political philosophy included all of the following

faith in the masses, a belief that the president should provide leadership for Congress, and a belief that the president should appeal over the heads of legislators to the sovereign people

As a politician, Woodrow Wilson was

inflexible and stubborn

Congress passed the Underwood Tariff because

president Wilson aroused public opinion to support its passage

In 1913, Woodrow Wilson broke with a custom dating back to Jefferson's day when he

personally delivered his presidential address to congress

When Woodrow Wilson became president in 1912, the most serious shortcoming in the country's financial structure was that the

currency was inelastic

When Congress passed the Underwood Tariff Bill in 1913, it intended the legislation to

lower tariff rates.

The Sixteenth Amendment provided for

a personal income tax

The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 guaranteed a substantial measure of public control over the American banking system through the final authority given to the

Federal Reserve Board

The Federal Reserve Act gave the Federal Reserve Board the authority to

increase the amount of money in circulation

The Clayton Anti—Trust Act

explicitly legalized strikes and peaceful picketing

Because of the benefits that it conferred on labor, Samuel Gompers called the _______________ "labor's Magna Charta."

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914

The first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court, appointed by Woodrow Wilson, was

Louis Brandeis

Woodrow Wilson showed the limits of his progressivism by

accelerating the segregation of African Americans in the federal bureaucracy

Woodrow Wilson's early efforts to conduct an anti—imperialist U. S. foreign policy were first undermined when he

sent american marines to Haiti

Which term best characterizes Woodrow Wilson's approach to American foreign policy diplomacy?

moralistic

President Woodrow Wilson refused to intervene in the affairs of Mexico until

a small party of American sailors was accidentally captured by the Mexicans, Wilson ordered the navy to seize the Mexican port of Vera Cruz.

Before his first term ended, Woodrow Wilson had militarily intervened in or purchased all of the following countries

Mexico....

Woodrow Wilson's administration refused to extend formal diplomatic recognition to the government in Mexico headed by

Huerta government,He dismissed Pancho Villa and helped the Carranza cause.

As World War I began in Europe, the alliance system placed Germany and Austria—Hungary as leaders of the _______________, while Russia and France were among the _______________.

central powers, allied powers

From 1914 to 1916, trade between the United States and Britain

pulled the American economy out of a recession.

With the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the great majority of Americans

earnestly hoped to stay out of war

One primary effect of World War I on the United States was that it

conducted an immense amount of trade with the Allies.

President Wilson insisted that he would hold _______________ to "strict accountability" for _______________.

Germany; the loss of American ships and lives to submarine warfare

German submarines began sinking unarmed and unresisting merchant and passenger ships without warning

in retaliation for the British naval blockade of Germany

Which of the following American passenger liners was sunk by German submarines?

lusitiania

The Progressive "Bull Moose" party died when

TR refused to run as the party's presidential candidate in 1916

In the Sussex pledge, Germany promised

not to sink passenger ships without warning

When Woodrow Wilson won reelection in 1916, he received strong support from the

working class

President Wilson broke diplomatic relations with Germany when

they announced that they would wage unrestricted sub warfare in the Atlantic

The Zimmermann note involved a proposed secret agreement between

Germany and Mexico

The United States declared war on Germany

after German U-Boats sank 4 unarmed American merchant vessels

President Woodrow Wilson persuaded the American people to enter World War I by

pledging to make the war "a war to end all wars" and to make the world safe for democracy

President Wilson viewed America's entry into World War I as an opportunity for the United States to

to shape a new international order based on the ideals of democracy

the following was among Wilson's Fourteen Points upon which he based America's idealistic foreign policy in World War I?

reduction of armaments, abolition of secret treaties, a new international organization to guarantee collective security, and the principle of national self-determination for subject peoples.

The major problem for George Creel and his Committee on Public Information was that

he oversold Wilson's ideals and led the world to expect too much

Match each civilian administrator below with the World War I mobilization agency that he directed. A. George Creel B. Herbert Hoover C. Bernard Baruch D. William Howard Taft 1. War Industries Board 2. Committee on Public Information 3. Food Administration 4. National War Labor Board

A:2, B:3, C:1, D:4

When the United States entered World War I, it was

not ready for its leap into global war

During World I, civil liberties in America were

denied to many, especially those suspected of disloyalty

Two constitutional amendments adopted in part because of wartime influences were the Eighteenth, which dealt with _______________, and the Nineteenth, whose subject was _______________.

prohibition; woman suffrage

As a result of their work supporting the war effort, women

finally received the right to vote

During World War I, the government's treatment of labor could be best described as

fair..

The two groups who suffered most from the violaton of civil liberties during World War I were

German Americans and social radicals.

Grievances of labor during and shortly after World War I include all of the following

the inability to gain the right to organize, war spawned inflation, and violence against workers by employers

The 1919 steel strike resulted in

The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during WWI resulted in

The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during WWI resulted in

racial violence in the North

Most wartime mobilization agencies relied on _______________ to prepare the economy for war.

voluntary compliance

Most of the money raised to finance World War I came from

loans

In an effort to make economic mobilization more efficient during World War I, the federal government took over and operated

the railroads

The United States used all of the following methods to support the war effort

forcing some people to buy war bonds, having "meatless and wheatless" days, and seizing enemy merchant vessels trapped in American harbors

The World War I military draft

...

When the United States entered the war in 1917, most Americans did not believe that

it would be necessary to send a large American army to Europe

Those who protested conscription during World War I did so because

hey disliked the idea of compelling a person to serve

During World War I, American troops fought in all of the following countries

Russia, Belgium and Italy

The two major battles of World War I in which United States forces engaged were

St. Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive.

Russia's withdrawal from World War I in 1918 resulted in

the release of thousands of German troops for deployment on the front in France

The supreme military commander of American forces during World War I was

General John J. Pershing.

The Second Battle of the Marne was significant because it

marked the beginning of a German withdrawal that was never reversed

As a condition of ending World War I, Woodrow Wilson demanded that

the German Kaiser be forced from power

The United States' main contributions to the Allied victory in World War I included all of the following

foodstuffs, oil, munitions, and morale

The Germans were heavily demoralized by

the US troop reserves

The chief difference between Woodrow Wilson and the parliamentary statesmen at the Paris peace table was that Wilson

did not command a legislative majority at home

Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to

establish the League of Nations

At the Paris Peace Conference, Wilson sought all of the following goals

preventing a seizure of territory by the victors, a world parliament of nations to provide collective security, national self-determination for smaller European nations, free trade and freedom of the seas. except:an end to the European colonial empires in Africa and Asia.

Opposition to the League of Nations by many United States Senators during the Paris Peace Conference

gave the Allied leaders in Paris a stronger bargaining position

After the Treaty of Versailles had been signed, Woodrow Wilson

wilson was condemned by disillusioned liberals and frustrated imperialists

In the United States, the most controversial aspect of the Treaty of Versailles was

after the Treaty of Versailles had been signed

The initial Republican strategy regarding the Treaty of Versailles was to

delay and amend the treaty.

Senate opponents of the League of Nations as proposed in the Treaty of Versailles argued that it

robbed Congress of its war-declaring powers.

In Congress, the most reliable support for Wilson's position on the League of Nations came from

democrats

The Senate likely would have accepted American participation in the League of Nations if Wilson had

been willing to compromise with the League opponents in Congress

Who was finally most responsible for the Senate defeat of the Treaty of Versailles?

isolationists

Woodrow Wilson's call for a "solemn referendum" in 1920 referred to

his attempt to use the presidential election of 1920 to gain support for the Treaty of Versailles but it became a death sentence for the League of Nations

Republican isolationists successfully turned Warren Harding's 1920 presidential victory into a

death sentence for the League.

The major weakness of the League of Nations was that it

did not include the US