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Exercise 41B: Renal System Physiology - Computer Simulation

front 1

ACTIVITY 1: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF FLOW TUBE RADIUS ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

DESCRIBE THE EFFECT OF INCREASING THE AFFERENT RADIUS ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND GLOMERULAR PRESSURE.

back 1

BOTH GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND GLOMERULAR PRESSURE WILL INCREASE.

front 2

ACTIVITY 1: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF FLOW TUBE RADIUS ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

DESCRIBE THE EFFECT OF DECREASING THE EFFERENT RADIUS ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND GLOMERULAR PRESSURE.

back 2

BOTH GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND GLOMERULAR PRESSURE WILL INCREASE

front 3

ACTIVITY 1: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF FLOW TUBE RADIUS ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION:

DESCRIBE THE EFFECT OF INCREASING THE EFFERENT RADIUS ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND GLOMERULAR PRESSURE.

back 3

BOTH GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND GLOMERULAR PRESSURE WILL DECREASE

front 4

ACTIVITY 2: STUDYING THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION.

DESCRIBE THE EFFECT OF INCREASING THE BEAKER PRESSURE ON GLOMERULAR PRESSURE.

back 4

GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE INCREASED

front 5

ACTIVITY 2: STUDYING THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION.

DESCRIBE THE EFFECT OF INCREASING THE BEAKER PRESSURE ON GLOMERULAR PRESSURE.

back 5

GLOMERULAR PRESSURE INCREASED

front 6

ACTIVITY 2: STUDYING THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION.

IN THE ABSENCE OF ANY REGULATORY MECHANISMS, WHAT EFFECT DO YOU THINK AN INCREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE WOULD HAVE ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE?

back 6

AN INCREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE KIDNEYS WOULD INCREASE IN GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.

front 7

ACTIVITY 3: EXPLORING INTRINSIC CONTROLS: RENAL AUTOREGULATION.

WHAT WAS THE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN 80 MM Hg BEAKER PRESSURE, 0.55 MM AFFERENT RADIUS, AND O.45 MM EFFERENT RADIUS?

back 7

129.61

front 8

ACTIVITY 3: EXPLORING INTRINSIC CONTROLS: RENAL AUTOREGULATION.

WITH THE BEAKER PRESSURE INCREASED TO 85 MM Hg, AT WHAT AFFERENT RADIUS WAS THE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN QUESTION 7 RESTORED>

back 8

0.52 MM (AFFERENT RADIUS)

front 9

ACTIVITY 3: EXPLORING INTRINSIC CONTROLS: RENAL AUTOREGULATION.

WITH THE BEAKER PRESSURE INCREASED TO 85 MM Hg, AT WHAT EFFERENT RADIUS WAS THE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN QUESTION 7 RESTORED?

back 9

0.52 MM (EFFERENT RADIUS)

front 10

ACTIVITY 3: EXPLORING INTRINSIC CONTROLS: RENAL AUTOREGULATION.

IN THE BODY, WHAT MECHANISMS PLAY A ROLE IN MAINTAINING GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE WITH FLUCTUATING BLOOD PRESSURE?

back 10

THE MYOGENIC MECHANISM, TUBOGLOMERULAR FEEDBACK MECHANISM, SYMPATHEITC NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROLS, RENIN-ANGIOTENSION MECHANISM, PROSTAGLANDIN - E2, INTRARENAL ANGIOTENSION II, AND ADENOSINE.

front 11

ACTIVITY 4: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THE SOLUTE GRADIENT ON MAXIMUM URINE CONCENTRATION ACHIEVABLE.

AS YOU INCREASED THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT OF THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID, WHAT HAPPENED TO THE CONCENTRATION OF THE URINE?

back 11

INCREASED

front 12

ACTIVITY 4: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THE SOLUTE GRADIENT ON MAXIMUM URINE CONCENTRATION ACHIEVABLE.

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE VOLUME OF THE URINE AS YOU INCREASED THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT OF THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID?

back 12

DECREASED

front 13

ACTIVITY 4: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THE SOLUTE GRADIENT ON MAXIMUM URINE CONCENTRATION ACHIEVABLE.

WHAT EFFECT DOES THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT OF THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID HAVE ON THE MAXIMUM URINE CONCENTRATION?

back 13

URINE CONCENTRATION EQUALS INTERSTITIAL FLUID CONCENTRATION.

front 14

ACTIVITY 5: STUDYING THE EFFECT OF GLUCOSE CARRIER PROTEINS ON GLUCOSE REABSORPTION.

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE CONCENTRATION OF GLUCOSE IN THE URINE AS THE NUMBER OF GLUCOSE CARRIER INCREASES?

back 14

DECREASED

front 15

ACTIVITY 5: STUDYING THE EFFECT OF GLUCOSE CARRIER PROTEINS ON GLUCOSE REABSORPTION.

GLUCOSE CAN BE ELEVATED IN THE BLOOD OF A DIABETIC PERSON. RELATE THIS INFORMATION TO GLUCOSE IN THE URINE AND GLUCOSE CARRIERS.

back 15

WE WOULD EXPECT TO FIND GLUCOSE IN THE URINE BECAUSE THERE IS TOO MUCH GLOCSE IN THE FILTRATE TO BE REABSORBED AND NOT ENOUGH AVAILABLE GLUCOSE CARRIERS TO TRANSPORT IT.

front 16

ACTIVITY 6: TESTING THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON URINE FORMATION.

WHAT WAS THE VOLUME OF URINE IN THE PRESENCE OF ALDOSTERONE?

back 16

180.90

front 17

ACTIVITY 6: TESTING THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON URINE FORMATION.

HOW DID ALDOSTERONE AFFECT THE URINE VOLUME?

back 17

WHEN ALDOSTERONE IS PRESENT, URINE VOLUME SLIGHTLY DECREASED AS THE INTERSTITIAL GRADIENT INCREASES.

front 18

ACTIVITY 6: TESTING THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON URINE FORMATION.

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE CONCENTRATION OF POTASSIUM IN THE URINE IN THE PRESENCE OF ALDOSTERONE?

back 18

INCREASED

front 19

ACTIVITY 6: TESTING THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON URINE FORMATION.

WHAT WAS THE VOLUME OF THE URINE IN HE PRESENCE OF ADH? HOW DID ADH AFFECT THE URINE VOLUME?

back 19

20.14; WITH ADH VOLUME IS DRAMATICALLY DECREASED.

front 20

ACTIVITY 6: TESTING THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON URINE FORMATION.

WHY DID THE CONCENTRATION PF POTASSIUM CHANGE IN THE PRESENCE OF ADH WITHOUT A CHANCE IN THE EXCRETION OF POTASSIUM?

back 20

URINE VOLUME IS ONE-TENTH OF VOLUME WITHOUT ADH. WITH ADH, POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION IS 10X THAT OF THE CONCENTRATION WITHOUT ADH. THERE IS NO INCREASE IN POTASSIUM SECRETION WITH ADH.

front 21

ACTIVITY 6: TESTING THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON URINE FORMATION.

DOES ADH FAVOR THE FORMATION OF DILUTE OR CONCENTRATED URINE? EXPLAIN.

back 21

ADH CAUSES IN INCREASE OF WATER PERMEABILITY IN THE DCT AND COLLECTING DUCTS. WHAT MOVES FROM THE TUBULES INTO THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID BY OSMOSIS. FAVORS THE FORMATION OF CONCENTRATED URINE.