front 1 Pain is best described as a. a creation of a person's imagination. | back 1 B |
front 2 A patient is receiving a PCA infusion after surgery to repair a hip fracture. She is sleeping soundly but awakens when the nurse speaks to her in a normal tone of voice. Her respirations are 8 breaths/minute. The most appropriate nursing action in this situation is to a. stop the PCA infusion. | back 2 C |
front 3 Unrelieved pain is a. expected after major surgery. | back 3 C |
front 4 A cancer patient who reports ongoing, constant moderate pain with short periods of severe pain during dressing changes is a. probably exaggerating his pain. | back 4 C |
front 5 An example of distraction to provide pain relief is a. TENS. | back 5 B |
front 6 An important nursing responsibility related to pain is to a. leave the patient alone to rest. | back 6 C |
front 7 Providing opioids to a dying patient who is experiencing moderate to severe pain a. may cause addiction. | back 7 C |
front 8 A nurse believes that patients with the same type of tissue injury should have the same amount of pain. This statement reflects a. a belief that will contribute to appropriate pain management.
| back 8 D |
front 9 Transmission of HIV from an infected individual to another most commonly occurs as a result of a. unprotected anal or vaginal sexual intercourse. | back 9 A |
front 10 During HIV infection a. reverse transcriptase helps HIV fuse with the CD4+ T cell.
| back 10 C |
front 11 A diagnosis of AIDS is made when an HIV-infected patient has a. a CD4+ T cell count below 200/μL. | back 11 A |
front 12 Screening for HIV infection generally involves a. detecting CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in saliva. | back 12 D |
front 13 HIV antiretroviral drugs are used to a. cure acute HIV infection. | back 13 B |
front 14 Opportunistic diseases in HIV infection a. are usually benign. | back 14 C |
front 15 Which strategy can the nurse teach the patient to eliminate the risk of HIV transmission? a. Using sterile equipment to inject drugs | back 15 A |
front 16 What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to help an HIV-infected patient adhere to a treatment regimen? a. “Set up” a drug pillbox for the patient every week. | back 16 D |
front 17 Trends in the incidence and death rates of cancer include the fact that a. lung cancer is the most common type of cancer in men. | back 17 D |
front 18 A characteristic of the stage of progression in the development of cancer is a. oncogenic viral transformation of target cells. | back 18 D |
front 19 The primary protective role of the immune system related to malignant cells is a. surveillance for cells with tumor-associated antigens. | back 19 A |
front 20 The nurse is caring for a 59-year-old woman who had surgery 1 day ago for removal of a malignant abdominal mass. The patient is awaiting the pathology report. She is tearful and says that she is scared to die. The most effective nursing intervention at this point is to use this opportunity to a. motivate change in an unhealthy lifestyle. | back 20 D |
front 21 The goals of cancer treatment are based on the principle that a. surgery is the single most effective treatment for cancer.
| back 21 C |
front 22 The most effective method of administering a chemotherapy agent that is a vesicant is to a. give it orally. | back 22 D |
front 23 The nurse explains to a patient undergoing brachytherapy of the cervix that she a. must undergo simulation to locate the treatment area. | back 23 B |
front 24 A patient on chemotherapy and radiation for head and neck cancer has a WBC count of 1.9 × 103/μL, hemoglobin of 10.8 g/dL, and a platelet count of 99 × 103/ μL. Based on the CBC results, what is the most serious clinical finding? a. Cough, rhinitis, and sore throat | back 24 C |
front 25 To prevent fever and shivering during an infusion of rituximab (Rituxan), the nurse should premedicate the patient with a. aspirin. | back 25 B |
front 26 The nurse counsels the patient receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy that a. effective birth control methods should be used for the rest of
the patient's life. | back 26 C |
front 27 A patient on chemotherapy for 10 weeks started at a weight of 121 lb. She now weighs 118 lb and has no sense of taste. Which nursing intervention would be a priority? a. Advise the patient to eat foods that are fatty, fried, or high
in calories. | back 27 D |
front 28 A 70-year-old male patient has multiple myeloma. His wife calls to report that he sleeps most of the day, is confused when awake, and complains of nausea and constipation. Which complication of cancer is this most likely caused by? a. Hypercalcemia | back 28 A |
front 29 A patient has recently been diagnosed with early stages of breast cancer. What is most appropriate for the nurse to focus on? a. Maintaining the patient's hope | back 29 A |
front 30 In a severely anemic patient, the nurse would expect to find a. dyspnea and tachycardia. | back 30 A |
front 31 When obtaining assessment data from a patient with a microcytic, hypochromic anemia, the nurse would question the patient about a. folic acid intake. | back 31 B |
front 32 A complication of the hyperviscosity of polycythemia is a. thrombosis. | back 32 A |
front 33 When caring for a patient with thrombocytopenia, the nurse instructs the patient to a. dab his or her nose instead of blowing. | back 33 A |
front 34 The nurse would anticipate that a patient with von Willebrand disease undergoing surgery would be treated with administration of vWF and a. thrombin. | back 34 D |
front 35 DIC is a disorder in which a. the coagulation pathway is genetically altered, leading to
thrombus formation in all major blood vessels. | back 35 C |
front 36 Because myelodysplastic syndrome arises from the pluripotent
hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow, laboratory results the
nurse would expect to find a. excess of T cells. | back 36 D |
front 37 The most common type of leukemia in older adults is a. acute myelocytic leukemia. | back 37 D |
front 38 Multiple drugs are often used in combinations to treat leukemia and lymphoma because a. there are fewer toxic and side effects. | back 38 D |
front 39 The nurse is aware that a major difference between Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is that a. Hodgkin's lymphoma occurs only in young adults. | back 39 C |
front 40 A patient with multiple myeloma becomes confused and lethargic. The nurse would expect that these clinical manifestations may be explained by diagnostic results that indicate a. hyperkalemia. | back 40 C |
front 41 When reviewing the patient's hematologic laboratory values after a splenectomy, the nurse would expect to find a. leukopenia. | back 41 D |
front 42 Complications of transfusions that can be decreased by the use of leukocyte depletion or reduction of RBC transfusion are a. chills and hemolysis. | back 42 D |
front 43 In teaching a patient who wants to perform BSE, you inform her that the technique involves both the palpation of the breast tissue and a. palpation of cervical lymph nodes. | back 43 D |
front 44 You are caring for a young woman who has painful fibrocystic breast changes. Management of this patient would include a. scheduling a biopsy to rule out malignant changes. | back 44 D |
front 45 When discussing risk factors for breast cancer with a group of women, you emphasize that the greatest known risk factor for breast cancer is a. being a woman over age 60. | back 45 A |
front 46 A simple mastectomy has been scheduled for your patient with breast cancer. Postoperatively, to restore arm function on the affected side, you would a. apply heating pads or blankets to increase circulation.
| back 46 D |
front 47 Preoperatively, to meet the psychologic needs of a woman scheduled for a simple mastectomy, you would a. discuss the limitations of breast reconstruction. | back 47 C |
front 48 To prevent capsular formation after breast reconstruction with implants, teach the patient to a. gently massage the area around the implant. | back 48 A |
front 49 The individual with the lowest risk for sexually transmitted pelvic inflammatory disease is a woman who uses a. oral contraceptives. | back 49 B |
front 50 The nurse is obtaining a subjective data assessment from a woman reported as a sexual contact of a man with chlamydial infection. The nurse understands that symptoms of chlamydial infection in women a. are frequently absent. | back 50 A |
front 51 Explain to the patient with gonorrhea that treatment will include both ceftriaxone and azithromycin because a. azithromycin helps prevent recurrent infections. | back 51 D |
front 52 To prevent the infection and transmission of STIs, the nurse's teaching plan would include an explanation of a. the appropriate use of oral contraceptives. | back 52 D |
front 53 Provide emotional support to a patient with an STI by a. offering information on how safer sexual practices can prevent
STIs. | back 53 B |
front 54 In telling a patient with infertility what she and her partner can expect, the nurse explains that a. ovulatory studies can help determine tube patency. | back 54 B |
front 55 An appropriate question to ask the patient with painful menstruation to differentiate primary from secondary dysmenorrhea is a. “Does your pain become worse with activity or
overexertion?” | back 55 D |
front 56 The nurse should advise the woman recovering from surgical treatment of an ectopic pregnancy that a. she has an increased risk for salpingitis. | back 56 C |
front 57 To prevent or decrease age-related changes that occur after menopause in a patient who chooses not to take hormone therapy, the most important self-care measure to teach is a. maintaining usual sexual activity. | back 57 C |
front 58 Nursing responsibilities related to the patient with endometrial cancer who has a total abdominal hysterectomy and salpingectomy and oophorectomy include a. maintaining absolute bed rest. | back 58 D |
front 59 The first nursing intervention for the patient who has been sexually assaulted is to a. treat urgent medical problems. | back 59 A |
front 60 Symptoms of BPH are primarily caused by a. obstruction of the urethra. | back 60 A |
front 61 Postoperatively, a patient who has had a laser prostatectomy has continuous bladder irrigation with a three-way urinary catheter with a 30-mL balloon. When he complains of bladder spasms with the catheter in place, the nurse should a. deflate the balloon to 10 mL to decrease bulk in the bladder.
| back 61 D |
front 62 A patient scheduled for a prostatectomy for prostate cancer expresses the fear that he will have erectile dysfunction. In responding to this patient, the nurse should keep in mind that a. erectile dysfunction can occur even with a nerve-sparing
procedure. | back 62 A |
front 63 In assessing a patient for testicular cancer, the nurse understands that the manifestations of this disease often include a. acute back spasms and testicular pain. | back 63 D |
front 64 To decrease the patient's discomfort related to discussing his reproductive organs, the nurse should a. relate his sexual concerns to his sexual partner. | back 64 C |
front 65 The nurse suspects an ankle sprain when a patient at the urgent care center describes a. being hit by another soccer player during a game. | back 65 D |
front 66 A patient with a humeral fracture is returning for a 4-week checkup. The nurse explains that initial evidence of healing on x-ray is indicated by a. formation of callus. | back 66 A |
front 67 A patient with a comminuted fracture of the tibia is to have an open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) of the fracture. The nurse explains that ORIF is indicated when a. the patient is unable to tolerate prolonged
immobilization. | back 67 D |
front 68 The nurse suspects a neurovascular problem based on assessment of a. exaggerated strength with movement. | back 68 C |
front 69 A patient with a stable, closed humeral fracture has a temporary splint with bulky padding applied with an elastic bandage. The nurse notifies the surgeon of possible early compartment syndrome when the patient experiences a. increasing edema of the limb. | back 69 D |
front 70 A patient with a pelvic fracture should be monitored for a. changes in urine output. | back 70 A |
front 71 The nurse instructs the patient with an above-the-knee amputation that the residual limb should not be routinely elevated because this position promotes a. hip flexion contracture. | back 71 A |
front 72 A patient is scheduled for total ankle replacement. The nurse should tell the patient that after surgery he should avoid a. lifting heavy objects. | back 72 D |
front 73 A patient diagnosed with osteosarcoma of the humerus demonstrates understanding of his treatment options when he states a. “I accept that I have to lose my arm with surgery.” | back 73 B |
front 74 A patient with suspected disc herniation is experiencing acute pain and muscle spasms. The nurse's responsibility is to a. encourage total bed rest for several days. | back 74 D |
front 75 In caring for a patient after a spinal fusion, the nurse would immediately report which of the following to the surgeon? a. The patient experiences a single episode of emesis. | back 75 B |
front 76 A patient who has had surgical correction of bilateral hallux valgus is being discharged from the same-day surgery unit. The nurse will instruct the patient to a. expect continued pain in the feet. | back 76 B |
front 77 What is important to include in the teaching plan for a patient with osteopenia? a. Lose weight. | back 77 B |
front 78 In assessing the joints of a patient with osteoarthritis, the nurse understands that Bouchard's nodes a. are often red, swollen, and tender. | back 78 B |
front 79 When administering medications to the patient with chronic gout, the nurse would recognize which drug is used as a treatment for this disease? a. Colchicine | back 79 B |
front 80 The nurse should teach the patient with ankylosing spondylitis the importance of a. regularly exercising and maintaining proper posture. | back 80 A |
front 81 In teaching a patient with SLE about the disorder, the nurse knows the pathophysiology of SLE includes a. circulating immune complexes formed from IgG autoantibodies
reacting with IgG. | back 81 D |
front 82 In teaching a patient with Sjögren's syndrome about drug therapy for this disorder, the nurse includes instruction on use of which drug? a. Pregabalin (Lyrica) | back 82 C |
front 83 A patient has a spinal cord injury at T4. Vital signs include falling blood pressure with bradycardia. The nurse recognizes that the patient is experiencing a. a relative hypervolemia. | back 83 D |
front 84 A 78-yr-old man has confusion and temperature of 104° F (40° C). He is a diabetic with purulent drainage from his right heel. After an infusion of 3 L of normal saline solution, his assessment findings are BP 84/40 mm Hg; heart rate 110; respiratory rate 42 and shallow; CO 8 L/minute; and PAWP 4 mm Hg. This patient's symptoms are most likely indicative of a. sepsis. | back 84 B |
front 85 The most accurate assessment parameters for the nurse to use to determine adequate tissue perfusion in the patient with MODS are a. blood pressure, pulse, and respirations. | back 85 D |
front 86 The O2 delivery system chosen for the patient in acute respiratory failure should a. always be a low-flow device, such as a nasal cannula or face
mask. | back 86 D |
front 87 The most common early clinical manifestations of ARDS that the nurse may observe are a. dyspnea and tachypnea. | back 87 A |
front 88 Maintenance of fluid balance in the patient with ARDS involves a. hydration using colloids. | back 88 C |
front 89 Which intervention is most likely to prevent or limit barotrauma in the patient with ARDS who is mechanically ventilated? a. Decreasing PEEP | back 89 C |
front 90 Certification in critical care nursing (CCRN) by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses indicates that the nurse a. is an advanced practice nurse who cares for acutely and
critically ill patients. | back 90 D |
front 91 The critical care nurse recognizes that an ideal plan for caregiver involvement includes a. a caregiver at the bedside at all times. | back 91 C |
front 92 To establish hemodynamic monitoring for a patient, the nurse zeros the a. cardiac output monitoring system to the level of the left
ventricle. | back 92 C |
front 93 The purpose of adding PEEP to positive pressure ventilation is to a. increase functional residual capacity and improve
oxygenation. | back 93 A |
front 94 The nursing management of a patient with an artificial airway includes a. maintaining ET tube cuff pressure at 30 cm H2O. | back 94 C |
front 95 The nurse monitors the patient with positive pressure mechanical ventilation for a. paralytic ileus because pressure on the abdominal contents
affects bowel motility. | back 95 C |