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9 notecards = 3 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Output

front 1

Define Cardiac Output (CO).

back 1

Amount pf blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute

front 2

Write the equation for CO.

back 2

Cardiac output(CO)= Stroke volume(SV)x Heart rate(HR)

front 3

Define stroke volume (SV).

back 3

The volume of blood pumped out by one ventricle with each beat.

front 4

Write the equation for SV.

back 4

Stroke volume(SV)= End diastolic volume(EDV)- End systolic volume(ESV)

front 5

Write the normal values (include correct units) for the following:
a. HR (heart rate)=_____________________________
b. SV (stroke volume)=__________________________
c. EDV (end diastolic volume)=__________________
d. ESV (end systolic volume)=___________________

back 5

a. 75 bpm
b. 70 ml
c. 120 ml
d. 50 ml

front 6

Given the values for HR and SV, calculate cardiac output:

back 6

CO= SV x HR
CO= 70 x 75
CO= 5,250

front 7

Explain how the following factors affect HR, SV, and CO by placing arrows (up-arrow, down-arrow, or <--> for no change) under them.
a. Increased SNS
b. Increased Venous return
c. Exercise
d. Increased Calcium
e. Decreased HR

back 7

a. up-arrow HR, up-arrow SV, up-arrow CO
b. down-arrow HR, up-arrow SV, up-arrow CO
c. up-arrow HR, up-arrow SV, up-arrow CO
d. up-arrow HR, up-arrow SV, up-arrow CO
e. down-arrow HR, up-arrow SV, <--> CO

front 8

Why would stroke volume increase with an increase in the sympathetic nervous system or an increase in calcium?

back 8

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system, or and increase in calcium, will stimulate beta 1 receptors in the heart increasing cardiac muscle contraction, and increasing the stroke volume.

front 9

Why would stroke volume increase when heart rate slows down?

back 9

Beacuse it increases EDV and consequently the stroke volume and contraction force, a slow heart rate allows more time for ventricular filling.