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Anatomy ch. 13

front 1 Using Figure 13.1, match the following: 1) Innervates the superior oblique muscle. 2) Longest cranial nerve. 3) Damage to this nerve would cause dizziness, nausea, and loss of balance. 4) Involved in movement of the digestive tract. 5) Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing, but no effect on visceral organs. 6) Damage to this nerve would keep the eye from rotating inferolaterally.	back 1 1) Answer: B 2) Answer: D 3) Answer: C 4) Answer: D 5) Answer: E 6) Answer: B
front 2 Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc: 7) Integration center. 8) Sensory neuron. 9) Effector. 10) Motor neuron. 11) Receptor.	back 2 Using Figure 13.2, identify the following components of the reflex arc: 7) Answer: E 8) Answer: C 9) Answer: B 10) Answer: D 11) Answer: A
front 3 12) Formed by the union of a cranial and a spinal root. 13) Receptors located in epithelium of the nasal cavity. 14) Serves the senses of hearing and equilibrium. 15) Helps to regulate blood pressure and digestion. 16) Turns the eyeball laterally. A) Vagus B) Olfactory C) Accessory D) Abducens E) Vestibulocochlear	back 3 2) C 13) B 14) E 15) A 16) D
front 4 17) Tests both upper and lower motor pathways. The sole of the foot is stimulated with a dull instrument. 18) Checks the integrity of the spinal cord and dorsal rami at the level of T8 to T12. 19) Produces a rapid withdrawal of the body part from a painful stimulus; ipsilateral. 20) Prevents muscle overstretching and maintains muscle tone. A) Stretch B) Abdominal C) Flexor D) Plantar	back 4 17) D 18) B 19) C 20) A

front 5 2) A patient suffers nerve damage to the sciatic nerve, requiring surgery to suture the nerve back together. After surgery, the patient reports that sensation from the lateral and medial sides of the knee seem to be reversed. How could this happen?	back 5 Answer: In suturing the nerve back together, there is no guide to ensure that each nerve fiber continues across the transection into the same neurilemma in which it started. Nerve fibers can grow into pathways different from their original ones and establish new synapses. The brain cannot keep track of which nerve fibers have grown into different pathways, and projects sensations back to the point of origin.
front 6 3) David, an aspiring baseball player, was struck on the left side of his face with a fastball pitch. He was not wearing a safety helmet. His zygomatic arch was crushed, as well as parts of the temporal bone. Following the accident and reconstructive surgery, he noted that his left lower eyelid was still drooping and the corner of his mouth sagged. What nerve damage did he sustain?	back 6 Answer: He suffered facial nerve damage on his left side. Due to the bone damage, branches to the eye and jaw were probably damaged. It is possible that the damage could be reversible if the nerves were not cut or crushed completely.
front 7 A nurse is asked about the cause of the excruciating pain of tic douloureux. How should s/he answer?	back 7 Answer: The excruciating pain is caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve. Pressure on the trigeminal nerve root can turn normal stimuli like tooth brushing into painful stimuli.