front 1 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin iron dextran (INFeD) therapy. When administering the drug IM, the health care professional should take which of the following actions? | back 1
Administer a test dose is correct. Iron dextran can
cause a hypersensitivity reaction. It is essential to administer a
test dose to determine hypersensitivity prior to giving the full
dosage initially and to allow 1 hr for identifying any adverse
reactions. |
front 2 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking alteplase (Activase) to treat acute myocardial
infarction. The health care professional should understand the drug is
most effective when the patient receives it | back 2 within 3 hr of symptom onset. Alteplase, a thrombolytic drug, is most effective in treating acute myocardial infarction if the patient receives it as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms. |
front 3 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking filgrastim (Neupogen) to treat neutropenia. The health
care professional should assess the patient for which of the following
adverse effects? | back 3 Enlarged spleen With long-term use, filgrastim, a leukopoietic growth factor, can cause an enlarged spleen. Health care professionals should tell patients taking the drug to monitor and report abdominal pain or fullness. |
front 4 A health care professional is preparing to administer the prescribed
dose of filgrastim (Neupogen) to a patient. The patient's laboratory
results indicate that the patient has a WBC count of 12,000 mm3. Which
of the following actions should the health care professional take? | back 4 Clarify the prescription with the provider. Leukocytosis can occur with filgrastim therapy. It is essential to monitor CBC twice per week and reduce the dosage or stop therapy for a WBC count above 10,000/mm3. The health care professional should notify the provider of the patient’s current WBC count and clarify the prescription prior to administration. |
front 5 A health care professional administers epoetin alfa (Epogen)
subcutaneously to a patient who has renal failure. The health care
professional should monitor the patient for which of the following
adverse effects? | back 5 Hypertension Epoetin alfa, an erythropoietic growth factor, can cause hypertension. The health care professional should monitor blood pressure and regulate it prior to initiating epoetin alfa therapy, then monitor it during therapy. For elevations, recommend a reduced dosage or antihypertensive drug therapy. |
front 6 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking oprelvekin (Neumega). The health care professional should
explain to the patient that the drug has which of the following effects? | back 6 Increases platelet production Oprelvekin, a thrombopoietic growth factor, increases platelet production. It treats thrombocytopenia that is associated with myelosuppression. |
front 7 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking warfarin (Coumadin). The health care professional should
caution the patient about taking which of the following
over-the-counter drugs? | back 7 Ibuprofen (Motrin) NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and especially aspirin, can increase the risk of bleeding for patients taking warfarin, an anticoagulant. |
front 8 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking oprelvekin (Neumega) to treat thrombocytopenia. The
healthc are professional should tell the patient to report which of
the following idications of an adverse reaction? (select all that apply). | back 8
Conjunctivitis is correct. Oprelvekin, a
thrombopoietic growth factor, can cause conjunctivitis, blurred
vision, and papilledema. Patients should report eye redness or blurred
vision. |
front 9 A health care professional is administering epoetin alfa (Epogen)
subcutaneously to a patient who has renal failure. The health care
professional should take which of the following actions? | back 9 Insert the needle into the vial once. Instructions for administering the drug include inserting the needle into the vial only once. Health care professionals should also examine the solution and discard it if it is cloudy or discolored. |
front 10 A health care professional is caring for patient who has mild
hemophilia A and is about to begin taking desmopressin (DDAVP) to
prevent bleeding. The health care professional should monitor for
which of the following adverse reactions? | back 10 Edema Desmopressin, an antidiuretic hormone, can cause fluid retention and edema. Health care professionals should monitor fluid intake and output for patients receiving the drug therapy. |
front 11 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin alteplase (Activase) therapy. The health care professional
should monitor the patient for which of the following indications of a
possible adverse effect? | back 11 Headache Alteplase, a thrombolytic drug, can cause intracranial bleeding. Monitor patients receiving the drug for changes in level of consciousness, headache, one-sided weakness, and other indications of intracranial bleeding. |
front 12 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking asprin (Ecotrin) to reduce the risk of a cardiovascular
event. The health care professional should understand that the drug
inhibits platelet aggregation by which of the following mechanisms? | back 12 Inhibiting cyclooxygenase action in platelets Salicylates, such as aspirin, work by inhibiting platelet aggregation. They do this by blocking the action of cyclooxygenase on platelets. As a result, activation of thromboxane A2 does not occur. |
front 13 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking ferrous sulfate (Feosol) to treat iron-deficiency anemia.
When talking with the patient about the drug, the health care
professional should include which of the following instructions?
(Select all that apply) | back 13
Eat iron-enriched foods is correct. Patients who have
iron-deficiency anemia should increase iron intake with foods such as
egg yolks, wheat germ, meat, and fish to supplement ferrous sulfate. |
front 14 A patient who is taking ferrous sulfate (Feosol) to treat
iron-deficiency anemia develops severe nausea and vomiting due to iron
toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the health care
professional use to treat this complication? | back 14 Deferoxamine (Desferal) Indications of iron toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Iron toxicity can lead to acidosis and shock. A chelating agent, such as deferoxamine, binds to the iron to reduce toxicity. |
front 15 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking clopidogrel (Plavix) to prevent stent stenosis. The
health care professional should monitor the patient for which of the
following adverse reactions? | back 15 Thrombocytopenia Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet drug, can cause thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The health care professional should monitor platelet count, bruising, bleeding gums, and petechiae. |
front 16 A patient is about to begin therapy with recombinant factor IX
(BeneFix) to treat hemophilia B. The patient asks the health care
professional about the risk of disease transmission with recombinant
factor IX, as compared with plasma-derived factor IX. The health care
professional should explain that recombinant factor IX eliminates the
risk of which of the following? | back 16 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Recombinant factor IX is safer than the plasma-derived formulation because of the risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a prion-transmitted infection, from human sources. Plasma-derived products also carry a minimal risk of acquiring hepatitis A and parvovirus B19. |
front 17 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about ot
begin taking folic acid to treat megaloblastic anemia. The health care
professional should monitor which of the following laboratory values? | back 17 Reticulocyte count A reticulocyte count measures the amount of immature RBCs. Folic acid, also called folate, is essential for erythropoiesis. Patients who have a folic acid deficiency require a baseline reticulocyte count, as well as a serum folate, Hgb, Hct, and RBC count and periodic monitoring during folic acid therapy to determine effectiveness. |
front 18 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin factor III (Advate) therapy to treat hemophilia A. When
administering factor VIII, which of the following actions should the
health care professional take? | back 18 Have emergency equipment ready Factor VIII can cause a hypersensitive reaction and anaphylaxis. The health care professional should monitor for hives, fever, wheezing, and difficulty breathing, and have emergency equipment and drugs readily available. |
front 19 A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) arrives at the emergency
department and reports rectal bleeding. Which of the following drugs
should the health care professional have available? | back 19 Vitamin K Vitamin K reverses the effects of warfarin by promoting the synthesis of coagulation factors VI, IX, X, and prothrombin. |
front 20 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about ot
begin alteplase (Activase) therapy to treat pulmonary embolism. Which
of the following drugs should the health care professional have
available in the event of a severe adverse reaction? | back 20 Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) Aminocaproic acid, a coagulator, inhibits fibrinolysis and stops fibrinolytic bleeding. For severe bleeding, patients often require blood replacement. |
front 21 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is undergoing
bone marrow transplantation following high-dose chemotherapy. Which of
the following drugs should the health care professional expect the
primary care provider to prescribe the reduce the patient's risk of infection? | back 21 Filgrastim (Neupogen) Filgrastim, a leukopoietic growth factor, stimulates production of neutrophils in the bone marrow. It helps reduce the risk for infection due to bone marrow transplantation, severe chronic neutropenia, and myelosuppressive chemotherapy. |
front 22 A health care professional should assess a patient who has
megaloblastic anemia for indications of which of the following vitamin deficiencies? | back 22 Vitamin B12 Patients who have megaloblastic anemia have a deficiency of vitamin B12, folic acid, or both. Cyanocobalamin (Nascobal) treats moderate vitamin B12 deficiencies. Patients who have a severe vitamin B12 deficiency should take cyanocobalamin and folic acid. |
front 23 A health care professional is caring for a patient who has a known
sensitivity to Escherichia coli-derived proteins. This sensitivity is
a contraindication for which of the following drugs? | back 23 Filgrastim (Neupogen) Patients who have active internal bleeding or pericarditis should not receive alteplase, a thrombolytic. |
front 24 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking clopidogrel (Plavix) to prevent thrombus formation. The
health care professional should question the use of clopidogrel by a
patient who has which of the following? | back 24 Peptic ulcer disease Patients who have peptic ulcer disease should not take clopidogrel because it can cause gastric bleeding. |
front 25 A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to
begin taking epoetin alfa (Epogen). Which of the following laboratory
values should increase with effective therapy? | back 25 Hgb Epoetin alfa, an erythropoietic growth factor, increases the production of RBCs for patients who have anemia due to chronic renal failure or chemotherapy. Hgb and Hct should increase with effective therapy. |