chapter 8 stoker Flashcards

In a solution, the solvent is
A) the substance being dissolved.
B) always a liquid.
C) the substance present in the greatest amount. D) always water.

A solution may contain

1. A) only one solvent but many solutes.
2. B) many solvents but only one solute.
3. C) only one solvent and one solute.
4. D) many solvents and many solutes.

Which of the following statements concerning a saturated solution is incorrect?

1. A) Undissolved solute must be present.
2. B) Undissolved solute may or may not be present.
3. C) Undissolved solute, if present, is continually dissolving.
4. D) Undissolved solute, if present, is in equilibrium with dissolved solute.

Which of the following statements concerning factors that affect solute solubility isincorrect?

1. A) Most solid solutes become more soluble in water with increasing temperature.
2. B) Most solid solutes become less soluble in water with decreasing pressure.
3. C) Gaseous solutes become less soluble in water with increasing temperature.
4. D) Gaseous solutes become more soluble in water with increasing pressure.

The solubility rule “like dissolves like” is not adequate for predicting solubilities when the solute is a(n)

1. A) nonpolar gas.
2. B) ionic compound.
3. C) nonpolar liquid.
4. D) polar gas.

For which of the following types of ionic compounds are most examples insoluble in water?

A) nitrates
B) sulfates
C) phosphates D) chlorides

1. In which of the following pairs of ionic compounds are both members of the pairsoluble in water?
   1. A) AgNO3 and AgCl
   2. B) LiOH and Cs2SO4
   3. C) PbSO4 and BaCO3
   4. D) NH4Br and Ca3(PO4)2

Calculate the concentration in % (m/m) of a solution containing 14.0 g of KI dissolved in 390.0 g of H2O.

1. A) 3.37% (m/m)
2. B) 3.47% (m/m)
3. C) 3.59% (m/m)
4. D) 3.72% (m/m)

Calculate the grams of LiOH present in 2.5 mL of a 5% (m/v) NaOH solution.

1. A) 0.13 g
2. B) 0.5g
3. C) 1.25 g
4. D) 5.0g

The defining expression for the molarity concentration unit is

1. A) moles of solute/liters of solution.
2. B) moles of solute/liters of solvent.
3. C) grams of solute/liters of solution.
4. D) grams of solute/liters of solvent.

A solution is made by dissolving 0.15 mole of KCl in enough water to give a final volume of 170.0 mL. What is the molarity of the solution?

1. A) 0.03 M
2. B) 0.4M
3. C) 0.9M
4. D) 1.7M

What is the molarity of a solution containing 17.6 grams of NH3 in 1.05 liters of solution?

1. A) 0.0986 M
2. B) 0.986 M
3. C) 1.01 M
4. D) 10.1 M

A 0.300 M solution of NaBr which contains 0.250 mole of solute would have a volume, in milliliters, of

1. A) 30.0 mL
2. B) 60.0 mL
3. C) 1.20×103 mL
4. D) 8.33×102 mL

What volume, in milliliters, of 8.0 M KOH is needed to prepare 240 mL of 0.55 M KOH by dilution?

A) 3.5e3 mL

B) 16.5 mL

C) 2.9×10–4 mL

D) 6.1×10–2 mL

If 115 mL of 1.60 M NaI is diluted to 1.65 L, the resulting solution contains

1. A) 0.304 moles of NaI
2. B) 2.64 moles of NaI
3. C) 3.04 moles of NaI
4. D) 26.4 moles of NaI

A colloidal dispersion differs from a true solution in that colloidal particles

1. A) tend to settle at an appreciable rate.
2. B) are large enough to scatter light.
3. C) are large enough to be seen with the naked eye.
4. D) are large enough to be seen with a microscope

1. Compared to pure water, a 1 M sugar-water solution will have a
   1. A) lower vapor pressure, lower boiling point and lower freezing point.
   2. B) higher vapor pressure, higher boiling point and higher freezing point.
   3. C) lower vapor pressure, higher boiling point and lower freezing point.
   4. D) lower vapor pressure, lower boiling point and higher freezing point.

If two solutions with concentrations of 0.4 M sugar and 0.7 M sugar respectively are separated by a semipermeable membrane, during osmosis there is a net flow of

1. A) sugar molecules from the concentrated to the dilute solution
2. B) sugar molecules from the dilute to the concentrated solution
3. C) water molecules from the concentrated to the dilute solution
4. D) water molecules from the dilute to the concentrated solution

Crenation of red blood cells occurs when the cells are placed in a(n)

1. A) hypotonic solution.
2. B) isotonic solution.
3. C) hypertonic solution.
4. D) physiological saline solution.

Which of the following solutions is hypertonic with respect to blood?

1. A) 0.4% (m/v) KCl
2. B) 1.0% (m/v) KCl
3. C) 3.3% (m/v) glucose
4. D) 6.7% (m/v) glucose

Which of the following statements about solutions is correct?

1. A) A solution is a homogeneous mixture.
2. B) It is possible to have solutions in which both solute and solvent are solids.
3. C) Solutions readily separate into solute and solvent if left undisturbed for 24 hours.
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

A crystal of solid NaCl is placed into an aqueous NaCl solution. It is observed that most, but not all, of the crystal dissolves. This means the original solution was

1. A) supersaturated.
2. B) unsaturated.
3. C) dilute.
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following types of interparticle attractions must be overcome in order for a solute to dissolve in a solvent?

1. A) solute-solute
2. B) solvent-solvent
3. C) solute-solvent
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Consider the following substances and their polarities: A – polar, B – polar, C – nonpolar, D – nonpolar. It is true that

1. A) A is more soluble in C than in B.
2. B) C is more soluble in D than in A.
3. C) D is more soluble in B than in C.
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

In which of the following sets of ionic compounds are all members of the set insolublein water?

1. A) AgCl, PbCl2, NH4Cl
2. B) CuCO3, CaCO3, MgCO3
3. C) PbSO4, FeSO4, BaSO4
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following solutions would always contain 10.0 g of solute per 40.0 g of solvent?

1. A) 20.0% (m/m) solution
2. B) 25.0% (m/v) solution
3. C) 25.0% (v/v) solution
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following amounts of solution contain 20.0 g of solute?

1. A) 100.0 g of 20.0% (m/m) NaCl solution
2. B) 500.0 g of 4.00% (m/m) NaCl solution
3. C) 200.0 g of 10.0% (m/m) NaCl solution
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following solutions has a molarity of 1.0?

1. A) 0.050 mole of solute in 25.0 mL of solution
2. B) 2.0 moles of solute in 500.0 mL of solution
3. C) 3.0 moles of solute in 1.5 L of solution
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following statements is correct for 25.0 mL of 3.0 M NH3 solution? (NH3has a molar mass of 17.0 g.)

1. A) 25.0 mL of solvent is present.
2. B) 0.75 moles of solute is present.
3. C) 1.3 grams of solute is present.
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following solutions will have a molarity of less than 1.0 after 50.0 mL of solvent is added to it?

1. A) 50.0 mL of 3.0 M solution
2. B) 10.0 mL of 5.0 M solution
3. C) 575 mL of 1.2 M solution
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Particles of the dispersed phase in a colloidal dispersion are

1. A) small enough that they cannot be seen by the naked eye.
2. B) large enough that they settle out under the influence of gravity.
3. C) small enough that they cannot be filtered out using filter paper.
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

In which of the following pairs of properties are both members of the pair colligative properties?

1. A) density, boiling point
2. B) vapor pressure, osmotic pressure
3. C) solubility, freezing point
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following solutions has an osmolarity of 3.0?

1. A) 4.0 M glucose
2. B) 2.0 M NaCl
3. C) 1.0 M Na3PO4
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

In which of the following pairings of terms are the terms closely related?

1. A) hemolysis, hypotonic solution
2. B) hypertonic, higher osmotic pressure than within cells
3. C) isotonic solution, crenation
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response

Which of the following statements concerning dialysis is correct?

1. A) Only water passes through the dialyzing membrane.
2. B) Dissolved ionic substances and small molecules are separated from colloidal particles.
3. C) Two types of colloidal particles are separated from each other.
4. D) more than one correct response
5. E) no correct response