Microbiology Chapter 5 Flashcards

Protists include
A. Yeasts and molds
B. Algae and protozoa
C. Helminths
D. All of the choices are correct
E. None of the choices are correct

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the
A. Nucleus
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondria
D. Lysosome
E. Ribosome

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired flagella by endosymbiosis with a
_____ ancestor and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor.
A. Protozoan, algae
B. Archaea, cyanobacteria
C. Spirochete, cyanobacteria
D. Helminth, algae
E. None of the choices are correct

The endosymbiotic theory has been developed to explain the emergence of
A. Archea
B. Bacteria
C. Prokaryotes
D. Eukaryotes
E. None of the choices are correct

Biologists have found evidence that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic organisms by a process of
intracellular
A. Symbiosis
B. Parasitisim
C. Communalism
D. None of the choices are correct

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Lysosomes
E. All of the choices are correct

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella because only eukaryotic flagella
A. Are used for cell motility
B. Facilitate chemo taxis
C. Facilitate photo taxis
D. Are long whip-like structures
E. Contain microtubules

Cilia are found in certain
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Fungi
D. Bacteria
E. All of the choices are correct

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _____ found inside eukaryotic flagella and
cilia.
A. Filaments
B. Microtubules
C. Flagella
D. Cilia
E. None of the choices are correct

Cell walls are not found on typical cells of
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Fungi
D. Bacteria
E. All of the choices are correct

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is
A. Mostly polysaccharide
B. The site where many metabolic reactions occur
C. Also called the cell wall
D. Composed of many diverse proteins
E. Protection against osmotic lysis

Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryote glycocalyx?
A. Protection
B. Adherence
C. Movement
D. Reception of chemical signals
E. All of the choices are functions

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Fungi
D. Bacteria
E. All of the choices are correct

The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of
A. Sterols
B. Proteins
C. Phospholipids
D. All of these
E. Only sterols and phospholipids

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleolus
C. Nucleus
D. Golgi apparatus
E. Lysosome

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible
thread-like mass called the
A. Nuclear envelope
B. Nucleosome
C. Nucleolus
D. Nucleoplasm
E. Chromatin

Histones are
A. Found in polyribosomes
B. Enzymes found in lysosomes
C. Proteins of the cytoskeleton
D. Proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus
E. On the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and
cytoplasm are called nuclear
A. His tones
B. Chromatin
C. Pores
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
E. Inclusions

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the
A. Mitochondria
B. Iysosomes
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Chloroplasts
E. Endoplasmic reticulum

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify and package
proteins for cell secretion is the
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Chloroplasts
E. Endoplasmic reticulum

Protists with contractile vacuoles
A. Are algae
B. Use them to expel excess water from the cell
C. Typically live in salty seawater
D. Use them for motility
E. All of the choices are correct

A _____ originates from the golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for
intracellular digestion.
A. Perixosome
B. Lysosome
C. Magneto some
D. Inclusion
E. Ribosome

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Chloroplasts
E. Endoplasmic reticulum

Mitochondria possess all of the following except
A. Enzymes for metabolism
B. Cristae
C. Electron transport chain proteins
D. Enzymes for photosynthesis
E. 70S ribosomes (prokaryote)

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Chloroplasts
E. Endoplasmic reticulum

In eukaryotic cells, which of the following contains DNA?
A. Nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus
B. Nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
C. Nucleus, nucleolus, Golgi apparatus
D. Nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondria
E. Nucleus, chloroplast, peroxisome

Chloroplasts are composed of membranous sacs called _____ that carry chlorophyll. Surrounding these
sacs is a ground substance called _____.
A. Thylakoids, stroma
B. Granna, stroma
C. Cristae, stroma
D. Cristae, matrix
E. Thylakoid, matrix

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is
A. 30S
B. 40S
C. 50S
D. 70S
E. 80S

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?
A. Structural framework for the cell
B. Anchor points for organelles
C. Made up of microfilaments
D. Made up of microtubules
E. Made up of cilia

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the _____ and on the surface of _____.
A. Cytoplasm, golgi apparatus
B. Nucleus, golgi apparatus
C. Cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum
D. Cytoplasm, golgi apparatus
E. Nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum

The cytoskeleton
A. Anchors organelles
B. Provides support
C. Functions in movements of the cytoplasm
D. Helps maintain cell shape
E. All of the choices are correct

Filamentous fungi are called
A. Pseudohyphae
B. Septa
C. Molds
D. Dimorphic
E. Mycelium

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called
A. Pseudohyphae
B. Septa
C. Molds
D. Dimorphic
E. Mycelium

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called
A. Dimorphic
B. Saprobes
C. Pseudohyphae
D. Spores
E. Parasites

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?
A. Cells have cell walls
B. Photosynthetic
C. Include single-celled and filamentous forms
D. Heterotrophic nutrition
E. Can use a wide variety of nutrients

The long, thread-like branching cells of molds are called
A. Conidiophores
B. Pseudohyphae
C. Hyphae
D. Septate
E. Ascus

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals. These fungi are called
A. Saprobes
B. Parasites
C. Substrates
D. Nonseptate
E. Dimorphic

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a/an
A. Septum
B. Rhizoid
C. Spore
D. Bud
E. Mycelium

Fungal asexual spores
A. Are only produced under harmful environmental conditions
B. Are only asexually produced
C. Cannot be seen in a light microscope
D. Are produced by molds but not by yeasts
E. Are used to identify fungi

What two categories of fungi cause human diseases?
A. Primary and secondary
B. Primary and vegetative
C. Opportunistic and primary
D. Secondary and opportunistic
E. Vegetative and reproductive

Blooms of certain alga are associated with all of the following except
A. Paralytic shellfish poisoning
B. Red tides
C. Ciguatera
D. Pfiesteria piscicida
E. Amoebic dysentery

Pfiesteria is a/an
A. Toxic fungus
B. Toxic algae
C. Toxic heminth
D. Toxic protozoan
E. Bacterial endospore

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a/
an
A. Endospore
B. Cyst
C. Seed
D. Trophozoite
E. Sporozoa

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except
A. Motility
B. Ectoplasm and endoplasm
C. Heterotrophic nutrition
D. Formation of a cyst stage
E. Cell wall

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the
A. Trophozoite
B. Cyst
C. Sporozoite
D. Oocyst
E. Food vacuole

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

The group of protozoa that are not mobile are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

The group of protozoa that use pseudopodia to move are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

Which is mismatched?
A. Giardia-transmitted by feces in drinking water
B. Histoplasma-causes Ohio Valley fever
C. Trichomonas-sexually transmitted
D. Plasmodium-causes Chagas disease
E. Trypanosomes –causes African sleeping sickness

Protozoan endoplasm contains
A. Ectoplasm
B. Mitochondria
C. Flagella
D. Oral groves
E. None of the choices are correct

Protozoan cysts
A. Are part of all protozoan life cycles
B. Are necessary for transmission to a new host
C. Are analogous to bacterial endospores
D. Are the primary form of replication
E. All of the choices are correct

Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through the
A. Fecal oral route from contaminated food or water
B. Direct transmission from one host to another
C. Puncture wounds
D. Insect bites
E. None of the choices are correct

The vector for the trypanosome of Chagas disease is the
A. Mosquito
B. Deer tick
C. Tse-tse fly
D. Reduviid bug
E. Nematode

All of the following are helminths except
A. Pinworms
B. Flukes
C. Trypanosomes
D. Roundworms
E. Tapeworms

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?
A. In kingdom Protista
B. Parasitic worms
C. Eggs and sperm used for reproduction
D. Often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E. Have various organ systems

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Helminthes
D. Fungi
E. None of the choices are correct

All of the following are helminths except
A. Tapeworms
B. Flukes
C. Flatworms
D. Round worms
E. All of the choices are helminthes

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?
A. Primary host
B. Secondary host
C. Definitive host
D. Transport host
E. Mating takes place in all hosts

. Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?
A. Primary host
B. Secondary host
C. Definitive host
D. Transport host
E. Mating takes place in all hosts

Parasitic worms have a highly developed ______ system.
A. Digestive
B. Nervous
C. Respiratory
D. Muscular
E. Reproductive

In humans, helminthes generally infect the
A. Digestive tract
B. Urinary tract
C. Nervous system
D. Muscular system
E. Skin

After returning from a trip to Africa, Tom begins to feel very tired and weak. He has severe anemia.
A blood smear reveals a protozoan is present in his blood. The health care provider tells Tom he has
malaria. Which of the following could be the causative agent of his disease?
A. HIV
B. T. solium
C. Plasmodium malariae
D. Trichophyton

Eating undercooked meat can lead to food poisoning and helminthic infection. What is the common host
for Taenia solium?
A. Geese
B. Ducks
C. Pigs
D. Cows

Under extreme conditions some bacilli go into a dormant, non-vegetative state called__ formation.
A. ciliated
B. cytoplasmic streaming
C. ameobiod
D. endospore

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.
True False

The cell wall of fungi and algae are chemically identical to the prokaryotic cell wall.
True False

Chromosomes are generally not visible in the nucleus unless the cell is undergoing nuclear division.
True False

The nuclear envelope is a single layer.
True False

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.
True False

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.
True False

Algae are classified into Divisions based principally on their type of motility.
True False

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.
True False

All fungi have hyphae.
True False

In humans, fungi can only infect the skin.
True False

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.
True False

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
True False

All algae have chloroplasts.
True False

Plankton are floating communities of helminths.
True False

There are no algae that can cause human disease.
True FalseB