The frontal and maxillary sinuses, along with sinuses in the ethmoid and sphenoid bones, collectively form the paranasal sinuses. What painful condition results when the passages from these sinuses into the nasal cavity are blocked?
a sinus headache
With what structure does the temporal process of the zygomatic bones articulate
the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
What two pairs of bones make up the hard palate?
bones- the maxillae and palatine bones
structures- the palatine process of the maxillae, and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones
What is the collective function of the auditory ossicles?
to transmit vibrations (sound) from the eardrum to the inner ear
What is the function of the hyoid bone?
The hyoid bones forms a base of attachment for the tongue. It also serves an attachments site for muscles involved in swallowing
Identify the bone indicated by the white star.
frontal bone
Identify the bone indicated by the green star.
zygomatic bone
Identify the bone indicated by the blue star
sphenoid bone
Identify the bone indicated by the red star
Maxillary bone
Identify the bone indicated by the pink star.
mandible
Identify the bone indicated by the yellow arrow.
nasal bone
identify the structure indicated by the red arrow.
perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
What articulates with the red arrow structure inferiorly?
vomer
Identify the bone indicated by the green arrow.
inferior nasal concha
What is the function of the bone indicated by the green arrow?
Increases surface area and air turbulence in the nasal cavity
Identify the opening indicated by the blue arrow.
infraorbital foramen of the maxillary bone
Identify the ridge indicated by the red bracket.
Alveolar process of the maxillary bone
Identify the ridge indicated by the yellow bracket.
Alveolar process of the mandible
What articulates with the red and yellow bracket structures?
Teeth
Identify the opening indicated by the pink arrow.
mental foramen of the mandible
What passes through the opening indicated by the pink arrow?
inferior alveolar nerve
Identify the structure indicated by the green circle
condylar process of the mandible
What articulates with the structure
mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
Identify the structure indicated by the yellow circle.
coronoid process of the mandible
What is the function of the structure indicated by the yellow circle
Attachment site for the temporalis muscle
Identify the region indicated by the red bracket.
Ramus of the mandible
Identify the region indicated by the green bracket.
Body of the mandible
Identify the structure indicated by the red arrow.
Angle of the mandible
Identify the ridge indicated by the yellow bracket.
Alveolar Process of the mandible
What articulates with the structure indicated by the yellow bracket.
Teeth
Identify the opening indicated by the blue arrow.
mental foramen of the mandible
What passes through the opening indicated by the blue arrow?
inferior alveolar nerve
Yellow Marrow is made of adipose tissue. What's its function?
yellow marrow in the bone is primarily for storage of energy
Consider the following bones: femur, humerus, sternum, scapula, and rib.
Which one of these bones contains compact bone?
Which of these bones contain bone marrow
All of the bones in the body contains compact bone and bone marrow
Consider the following bones: femur, humerus, sternum, scapula, and rib.
Which of these bones contain bone marrow
All of the bones in the body contains compact bone and bone marrow
What are the four sutures that involve the parietal bone?
List four structures and for each one name the other bone involved in the articulation
Sagittal Suture: The other parietal bone
Coronal Suture: frontal bone
Lambdoidal Suture: occipital bone
Squamous Suture: temporal bone
In general terms, why is it important for at least some of the cranial bones to have holes?
Holes are necessary so that blood vessels and nerves may enter and exit the skull
Where is the marrow if there is no marrow cavity?
The spongy bone
What is the function of red marrow and where is it found?
Function: Formation of Blood Cells
Found:
heads of femur (thigh)
humerus (upper arm)
sternum
coxal bone
Which are the only bones that have medullary cavities?
Long Bones
What are examples of flat bones?
ribs, scapula and sternum
What are two things that make bones in your fingers and toes long bones?
1. They're shaped like rods with the length generally greater than the diameter
2. Inside each long bone is a hollow cavity called medullary cavity (only in long bones)
Describe the Axial Skeleton?
the portion of the skeleton found in the longitudinal axis of the body
it consists of 80 bones, including those of the skull, the vertebral column and the thoracic cage
most are either flat or irregular bones
Describe the Appendicular Skeleton
Includes 126 bones that make up the arms, legs, pectoral and pelvic girdles. (girdles attach the arms and legs to the axial skeleton)
Most are either long or short bones
What is diploë?
Diploë is the spongy bone in the flat bone
Identify the type of bone indicated by the yellow arrow.
short bone
Identify the type of bone indicated by the pink arrow.
long bone
Identify the type of bone indicated by the blue arrow.
flat bone
Identify the type of bone indicated by the green arrow
irregular bone
Identify the structural region indicated by the pink bracket.
diaphysis
What membrane would surround the pink bracket region?
periosteum
Identify the structural regions indicated by the green ovals.
epiphyses
What would cover the joint surfaces in the green oval regions?
Hyaline (articular cartilage)
Identify the bone tissue indicated by the blue arrow.
compact bone
Identify the structure indicated by the purple bracket.
epiphyseal line
What was the purple bracket structure previously?
epiphyseal plate
What type of bone is indicated by the red star?
spongy bone
What space is indicated by the blue star?
medullary cavity
What would be found within the space indicated by the blue star and what is its function?
yellow bone marrow
(adipose tissue=energy storage)