Exam 3 Forensics Flashcards

The study of humans, their cultures, and their biology

A) Pathology

B) Anthropology

C) Taphonomy

D) Entomology

The application of the study of humans to situations of modern legal or public concern

A) Pathology

B) Anthropology

C) Taphonomy

D) Entomology

Used to determine sex

A) Long bones

B) Pubic symphysis

C) Pelvis

D) Skull

Used to determine height

A) Long bones

B) Pubic symphysis

C) Pelvis

D) Skull

Used to determine ethnicity

A) Long bones

B) Pubic symphysis

C) Pelvis

D) Skull

Used to determine age

A) Long bones

B) Pubic symphysis

C) Pelvis

D) Skull

Determine apparent cause of death, determine or estimate postmortem interval of death (PMI), determine identity of deceased, ascertain manner of death

A) Pathology

B) Anthropology

C) Taphonomy

D) Taxonomy

cause of death is the immediate cause of death

A) Primary

B) Secondary

cause of death includes conditions that are not related to the primary cause of death but contribute substantially to the individual’s demise

A) Primary
B) Secondary

Homicide, natural causes, accidental, suicide, undetermined

A) Manners of Death

B) Causes of Death

pinpoint hemorrhages found around the eyes, the lining of the mouth and throat, as well as other areas

A) Pallor mortis

B) Livor mortis

C) Petechiae

D) Rigor mortis

the study of human culture

A) Anthropology

B) Archaeology

C) Taphonomy

D) Taxonomy

What is the most difficult estimations in forensic anthropology?

A) Sex

B) Age

C) Height

D) Ancestry

T/F: Sex and ancestry must be known to correctly estimate height

A) True

B) False

History of body after death

A) Taphonomy

B) Taxonomy

C) Osteology

D) Archeology

What type of taphonomy studies the effect of the remains on the environment?

A) Neotaphonomy

B) Geotaphonomy

C) Pretaphonomy

D) Biotaphonomy

When examining injuries, what type of injury shows healing?

A) Postmorten

B) Antemortem

C) Perimortem

What type of entomology is used to determine PMI?

A) Urban

B) Medicolegal

C) Stored Products

The first insects to arrive at a corpse are _________________.

A) Predatory

B) Incidental

C) Omnivorous

D) Necrophagous

How many instar (maggot) stages does a blow fly have?

A) 4

B) 5

C) 2

D) 3

What is one of the most influential factors in estimating PMI?

A) How the victim was killed

B) When the victim was found

C) Temperature of the victim

D) Different species of insects

refers to the study of insects as it relates to the criminal justice system

A) Taphonomy

B) Taxonomy

C) Entomology

D) Osteology

Study of classification of organisms

A) Taxonomy

B) Odonatologist

C) Taphonomy

D) Archeology

Dead-flesh eating

A) Necrophagous

B) Predatory

C) Omnivorous

D) Incidental

Prey on other insects

A) Necrophagous

B) Predatory

C) Omnivorous

D) Incidental

Eat other material on the body

A) Necrophagous

B) Predatory

C) Omnivorous

D) Incidental

Extension of habitat

A) Necrophagous

B) Predatory

C) Omnivorous

D) Incidental

T/F: Flies and beetles are used in forensics

A) True

B) False

What order do insects arrive?

A) Other bugs, flies, beetles

B) Flies, other bugs, beetles

C) Flies, beetles, other bugs

D) Beetles, other bugs, flies

The stage of fusion of various bones within a skeleton can be used to estimate the _____________ of the decedent.

a) occupation

b) age

c) race

d) gender

e) height

Evidence of tampering with the position of a body after death can be obtained by evaluating the:

a) rigor mortis.

b) algor mortis.

c) livor mortis.

d) both B and C

e) none of the above

Estimations of the postmortem interval (PMI) using entomological evidence must take into account

a) the species of insect present.

b) geographical location of the decedent's body.

c) the location's climate over time.

d) weather conditions.

e) all of the above.

What part of a decedent's body resists rapid decomposition and is used by forensic anthropologists to provide information about the decedent?

a) bones

b) cartilage

c) soft tissue

d) hair fragments

e) teeth

Which can be used in making an identification of a deceased individual?
a. Fingerprinting
b. Dental examination
c. Facial reconstruction
d. All of the above

The largest percentage of accidental deaths is due to:
a. Drug overdoses.
b. Drowning.
c. Fire.
d. Transportation accidents.

Characteristic markings on the skin caused from the discharge of a firearm is known as:
a. Staining.
b. Stippling.
c. Tattooing.
d. b and c

Beginning an hour after death, the body will lose heat at an approximate rate of:
a. 0 - 0.5°F per hour.
b. 0.5 - 1°F per hour.
c. 1 - 1.5°F per hour.
d. 1.5 - 2°F per hour.

Lividy can be expected to be fixed after _____ hours.
a. 2
b. 4
c. 16
d. 24

A pathologist would expect rigor mortis to disappear after _____ hours.
a. 12
b. 24
c. 36
d. 48

Time of death can be approximated by analyzing the vitreous humor and the levels of:
a. Potassium
b. Calcium
c. Sodium
d. Magnesium

Putrefaction and autolysis are two types of _____ processes.
a. Rigor mortis
b. Decomposition
c. Livor mortis
d. Algor mortis

Rigor mortis refers to the:
a. Temperature of death.
b. Stiffness of death.
c. Color of death.
d. Time of death.

The rate of cooling of a dead body can be influenced by all BUT the:
a. Weather conditions.
b. Location.
c. Size of body.
d. Gender of victim.

Which of the following techniques can be used to estimate the time of death?
a. Rigor mortis
b. Eye fluid potassium levels
c. Livor mortis
d. All of the above

To determine the gender of skeletal remains, a forensic anthropologist can examine all of the following area of the skeleton EXCEPT the:
a. Cranium.
b. Pelvis.
c. Sacrum.
d. Femur.

The stage of fusion of various bones within a skeleton can be used to estimate the _____ of the decedent.
a. Sex
b. Race
c. Occupation
d. Age

As the post mortem interval increases, the concentration of potassium in the vitreous humor of the eye:
a. Increases.
b. Decreases.
c. Remains the same.
d. b or c

Estimations of the postmortem interval (PMI) using entomological evidence must take into account:
a. The geographical location of the decedent's body.
b. Weather conditions.
c. The location's climate over time.
d. All of the above

_______ is the study of what happens to an organism from the time it dies until it ends up in the laboratory.

A) Toxicology

B) Taphonomy

C) Archeology

D) Osteology

The study of bones

A) Odontology

B) Osteology

C) Entomology

D) Archeology

Stage of decomp: Gas accumulate and abdomen swells

A) Bloat

B) Fresh

C) Active

D) Dry

Stage of decomp: Blood stops flowing through the body and pallor and livor mortis set is

A) Bloat

B) Fresh

C) Active

D) Dry

Stage of decomp: Tissues soften and organs start to decay

A) Bloat

B) Fresh

C) Active

D) Dry

Stage of decomp: Exposure of bones

A) Bloat

B) Fresh

C) Active

D) Dry

Settling of blood in the body after death

A) Livor mortis

B) Rigor mortis

C) Algor mortis

D) Pallor mortis

Stiffening of the body after death

A) Livor mortis

B) Rigor mortis

C) Algor mortis

D) Pallor mortis

Postmortem cooling of the body

A) Livor mortis

B) Rigor mortis

C) Algor mortis

D) Pallor mortis

Loss of color of the body after death

A) Livor mortis

B) Rigor mortis

C) Algor mortis

D) Pallor mortis

T/F: Putrefaction and autolysis are two grouped stages of decomp

A) True

B) False

Which stage of decomp contains fresh, bloat, and active decay?

A) Autolysis

B) Putrefaction

Which stage of decomp contains advanced decay and dry remains

A) Autolysis

B) Putrefaction

Which of the following does not slow down the decomposition process?

A) Insects found on the body
B) Cold temperature where the body is located
C) Lime around the body
D) Casket Body is buried in

T/F: Temperature is the most influential factor in determining PMI

A) True

B) False

What is necessary to determine PMI?

A) Weather Data
B) Specimen collected from the body
C) Specimen collected from soil and areas surrounding the body
D) Collection of adult flies and beetles

E) All of the above

The ____________ is the most difficult question to answer as a forensic anthropologist.

A) Cause of death

B) Manner of death

When must an autopsy be performed?

A) Sudden, unexpected death

B) Violent death

C) Unattended/ suspicious death

D) All of the above

T/F: The coroner signs the death certificate

A) True

B) False

Trauma or disease or combination of both are _______ of death

A) Causes

B) Manner

Autopsies make up about 1/3 of all autopsies

A) Medicolegal

B) Educational

entire body and all wounds and trauma are noted, Body is photographed clothed and unclothed

A) External examination

B) Internal examination

Incisions to torso are made. Body fluid samples taken, major organs removed and weighed, and assessment of wounds done. External objects that may have caused death are removed. X-rays may be taken.

A) External examination

B) Internal examination

Stages of death:

A) Pallor mortis, Algor mortis, Rigor mortis, Livor mortis, Putrefaction, decomp, skeletonization

B) Pallor mortis, rigor mortis, Algor mortis, livor mortis, putrefaction, decomp, skeletonization

C) Pallor mortis, Algor mortis, Rigor mortis, Livor mortis, decomp, Putrefaction, skeletonization

D) Pallor mortis, Algor mortis, Livor mortis, Rigor mortis, decomp, putrefaction, skeletonization