Microbiology: Microbiology self-tests Flashcards

The largest vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the heart

The walls are only one cell thick; they aid in the exchange of materials.

The venous equivalent of arteries.

Blood cells important in phagocytosis & antibody production.

A lymphoid organ.

Small, oval structures in the lymphatic system; sites of considerable defensive activity by the body.

Plasma that bathes tissue cells after their passage through capillary walls.

Blood cells that carry oxygen.

A toxic, inflammatory condition arising from the spread of bacteria or bacterial toxins from a focus of infection.

Of autoimmune origin due to group M proteins of streptococci.

Swollen lymph nodes.

Heart infection that developes rapidly, damages valves; usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Drop in blood pressure due to gram-negative sepsis.

Characterized by red streaks on skin from the site of infection.

Probably transmitted by saliva.

Childbirth fever.

Often transmitted by contact w/small animals such as rabbits.

Undulant fever, at one time transmitted by ingestion of contaminated milk, is now mostly transmitted by contact w/animal carcasses.

Caused by a spore-forming rod that is often present in the soil.

The cat is essential in the reproductive cycle & the transmission of the causative organisms.

Caused by a protozoan that forms oocysts.

Heterophil antibodies are used in diagnosis.

Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.

Transmitted by sand flies.

Kala azar.

Caused by CMV.

The bite of a tick transmits a spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi.

A swimming stage called a cercaria is an essential part of the life cycle of the pathogen.

A ricettsial disease transmitted by dog ticks or wood ticks.

A rickettsial disease transmitted by a rat flea.

Chagas' disease.

A spore-forming protozoan is the cause.

Saint Vitus' dance.

A tickborne protozoan disease.

Mosquito-transmitted hemorrhagic fever.

Pulmonary infection transmitted by inhalation of dried rodent urine & feces.

Tickborne bacterial disease.

Transmitted by contact w/infected blood; filoform virus.

The surgical removal of tissue, short of amputation, is called _____________.

The fluid portion of the blood is called ______.

A general name for a white blood cell is _____________.

When a gram-negative bacterium lyses, it releases part of its cell walls as harmful ____________.

Group M proteins are associated with the bacterial genus _______________.

Brucella suis is most likely to infect people coming into contact w/animals such as ___________.

Sydemham's chorea is a complication of ___________.

Burkitt's lymphoma is cuased by the same virus that causes ____________________.

The official name of the Epstein-Barr virus is human herpesvirus _____.

Infections caused by obligate anaerobes such as Clostridium perfringens are sometimes treated by putting the patients in ______________ chambers.

Many years ago, Semmelweis showed how proper hygeine & disinfection of hand & instruments could prevent ____________ in maternity wards.

When malaria is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito, the parasite stage that is injected into the host is a(n)____________.

The most dangerous type of malaria is caused by Plasmodium _______________.

Snails are essential to the life cycle of the disease organism causing ________________.

Cats are essential to the life cycle of the disease organism causing _______________.

A membrane layer covering the brain & spinal cord.

A prion-caused disease.

Opisthotonos.

Hansen's disease.

Human diploid cell vaccine is used in treatment.

Myalgic encephalitis.

Innermost layer of the meninges.

Outermost layer of the meninges.

Middle layer of the meninges.

Formerly treatd by the Pasteur treatment.

Treated by human diploid cell vaccine after exposure.

Caused by a bullet-shaped rhabdovirus.

Also known as hydrophobia.

Thought to be transmitted by inhalation of the pathogen in dried pigeon droppings.

Caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis.

Protozoan disease.

A prion-caused disease.

A mosquito-borne virus.

The drugs of choice for treatment are amphotericin B & flucytosine.

Opposing muscles contract, causing spastic paralysis.

Pathogen grows at refrigerator temperatures.

Uses live viruses.

On rare occasions, the vaccine has caused the disease by mutation to virulence.

An amoebic protozoan found in ponds & streams that causes a primary amebic meningoencephalitis.

Spread by the bite of a tsetse fly.

An important cause of bacterial meningitis.

Probably the most virulent; the most common type in western United States.

Outbreaks often involve seafoods; nonproteolytic.

Toxin can be produced at refrigerator temperatures.

An infection of the brain is called ____________.

An infection of the meninges is called

The brain & the spinal cord comprise the _________ nervous system.

The nerves branching from the brain & spinal cord comprise the ____________ nervous system.

The _______ consists of capillaries that permit certain substances, mostly lipid-soluble, to pass from the blood to the brain but prevent other substances from passing.

The bacterium that causes _________ can be successfully grown in armadillos.

Of the several types of arthropod-borne encephalitis that occur in the United States, the most severe in its effects is ______________.

The T in DTaP vaccine stands for __________.

The inner layter of the skin, composed of connective tissue.

The lining of the inner eyelid & the surface of the eyeball.

Some of these specialized epithelial cells are ciliated.

The outermost epidermal layer; consists largely of dead cells containing the protein keratin.

Extracellular material to which epithelial cells of mucous membrane are attached.

A skin rash that arises from disease conditions.

-Skin lesions-

Vesicles

-Skin lesions-

Papules

-Skin lesions-

Bullae

-Skin lesions-

Macules

Streptococcus pyogenes

Staphylococcus aureus

Tinea

Propionibacterium acnes

Variola

Varicella

Herpes zoster

Rubeola

Rubella

Shingles

Ringworm

Tinea pedis

Dermatophytes

Thrush

Sporotrichosis

Treated w/isotretinoin (Accutane).

Swimmer's ear, usually caused by pseudomonads.

Boils

Idoxuridine is an effective chemotherapeutic treatment.

Chlamydia-caused disease.

Mycobacterium spp. are the pathogens involved.

Treatment of cystic acne.

The location of M protein of streptococci.

Causes birth defects.

Prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum.

Scabies

Ringworm of the scalp.

First disease deliberately eliminated on earth.

Koplik's spots are diagnostic.

Athlete's foot.

Occasional complication of chickenpox & influenza.

Fungal infection of the nail.

The eyes are washed by tears, and the enzyme ______ in tears destroys many bacteria.

If a boil undertakes a more extensive invasion of the surrounding tissue, it is termed a _______.

Streptococcus pyogenes is an example of group A ___ hemolytic streptococci.

The blue-green pus caused by opportunistic infections of burn patients is due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa forming water-soluble __________ pigment.