Observation: Alkane + bromine water (in sunlight)
Orange bromine water is slowly decolourised
Observation: Alkene + bromine water
Orange bromine water is rapidly decolourised
Observation: Alkene + acidified potassium permanganate solution
Purple potassium permanganate solution is decolourised
Observation: Amine and
(1) damp red litmus
(2) damp green UI paper
(1) turns from red to blue
(2) turns from green to blue
Observation: Carboxylic acid and
(1) damp blue litmus
(2) damp green UI paper
(1) turns from blue to red
(2) turns from green to orange
Observation: Carboxylic acid and Mg metal
Bubbles of colourless gas
Observation: Carboxylic acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate
Bubbles of colourless gas
Observation: Alkene + potassium permanganate solution (not acifdified)
Purple potassium permanganate solution forms a brown precipitate
Observation: Alcohol heated with acidified potassium permanganate solution
Purple potassium permanganate solution is decolourised
Observation: Alcohol heated with acidified potassium dichromate solution
Orange potassium dichromate solution turns green
Observation: Alkane, alkene or alkyne is added to water
Two layers form (immiscible)
Observation: Hydrocarbon burns with complete combustion
No soot, clean blue flame
Observation: Hydrocarbon burns with incomplete combustion
Soot, dirty orange-yellow flame
Observation: Haloalkane is added to water
Cloudy when shaken or two layers form (immiscible)
Observation: Alkyne + bromine water
Orange bromine water is rapidly decolourised