Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards

Cytokinesis usually, but not always, follows mitosis. If a cell completed mitosis but not cytokinesis, the result would be a cell with

A) high concentration of actin and myosin

B) two nuclei but with half the amount of DNA

C) two nuclei

D) a single large nucleus

When does crossing over occur during meiosis?

A) prophase I

B) anaphase II

C) metaphase I

D) prophase II

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis 1?

A) Sister chromatids are separated

B) Homologous chromosomes are separated

C)The chromosome number is conserved

D) Four daughter cells are formed

Which of the following is true of the process of meiosis?

A) Two haploid cells result

B) Four haploid cells result

C) Four chiasmata result

D) Four autosomes result

Which of the following terms belongs with the words synapsis, tetrads, and chiasmata?

A) haploid

B) fertilization

C) crossing over

D) prophase II

In animals, somatic cells are produced by mitosis and _________ are produced by meiosis.

A) spores

B) gametes

C) diploid cells

D) zygotes

Density-dependent inhibition is a phenomenon in which crowded cells stop dividing at some optimal density and location. This phenomenon involves binding of a cell-surface, A growth inhibiting signal is sent to both cells, preventing them from dividing. Certain external physical factors can affect this inhibition mechanism.

Select the statement that makes a correct prediction about natural phenomena that could occur during the cell cycle to prevent cell growth.

A) As cells become more numerous, they begin to squeeze against each other, restricting their size and ability to allow cell growth.

B) As cells become more numerous, the protein kinases they produce begin to compete with each other until only one cells has the proteins necessary for growth.

C) As cells become more numerous, more and more of them enter the synthesis part of the cell cycle and duplicate DNA to inhibit cell growth.

D) As cells become more numerous, the amount of required growth factors and nutrients per cell becomes insufficient to allow for cell growth.

You are genetically unique. This is at least in part a result of

A) genetic recombination

B) independent assortment of chromosomes

C) random fertilization

D) both A & C

E) A, B, & C

If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants.

A) Clone the plant.

B) Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant with the same traits.

C) Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker traits.

D) Force the plant to self-pollinate to obtain an identical one.

If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with functioning of the spindle apparatus, at which stage will mitosis be arrested?

A) interphase

B) metaphase

C) prophase

D) anaphase

If the liver cells of an animals have 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does its sperm cells have?

A) 24

B) 6

C) 12

D) 48

What is a genome?

A) an ordered display of chromosomes arranged from the largest to smallest

B) a specific segment of DNA that is found within a prokaryotic chromosome

c

D) a specialized polymer of four different kinds of monomers

What is a chromatid?

A) a special region that holds two centromeres together

B) a replicated chromosome

C) a chromosome in G1 of the cell cycle

D) another name for the chromosomes found in genetics

Which of the following organisms does not reproduce cells by mitosis and cytokinesis?

A) cow

B)cockroach

C) bacterium

D) mushroom

For a chemotherapeutic drug to be useful for treating cancer cells, which of the following is most desirable?

A) It is safe enough to limit all apoptosis

B) It does not alter metabolically active sites

C) It interferes with cells entering G0.

D) It interferes with rapidly dividing cells

Imagine that there are twenty-five different species of protists living in a tide pool. Some of these species reproduce both sexually and asexually, and some of them can reproduce only asexually. The pool gradually becomes infested with disease-causing viruses and bacteria. Which species are more likely to thrive in the changing environment?

A) the sexually reproducing species

B) Sexually and asexually reproducing species are equally likely to thrive

C) the asexually reproducing species

Which of the following is a protein synthesized at specific times during the cell cycle that associates with a kinase to from a catalytically active complex?

A) MPF

B) PDGF

C) cyclin

D) Cdk

Which of the following is the term for a human cells that contains 22 pairs of autosomes an X and a Y chromosome?

A) a female somatic cell

B) a male somatic cell

C) a sperm cell

D) an unfertilized egg cell

E) both A & D are correct

Which of the following can occur by the process of meiosis but not mitosis?

A) Haploid cells fuse to from diploid cells

B) A diploid cell combines with a haploid cell.

C) Haploid cells multiply into more haploid cells.

D) Diploid cells from haploid cells.

At the end of ______ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.

A) metaphase II

B) telophase I

C) telophase

D) telophase II

In comparing the typical life cycles of plants and animals, a stage found in plants but not in animals is a

A) multicellular haploid

B) multiceluular diploid

C) zygote

D) gamete

Which of these is NOT a purpose of mitosis?

A) asexual reproduction

B) growth

C) wound healing

D) all of these are purposes

A certain female's number 12 chromosomes booth have the blue gene and number 19 chromosomes both have the long gene. As cells in her ovaries undergo meiosis, her resulting eggs (ova) may have which of the following?

A) either one blue or one orange gene in addition to wither one long or one short gene

B) one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene

C) either two number 12 chromosomes with blue genes or two with orange genes

D) either two number 19 chromosomes with long genes or two with short genes

A female with a paternal set of one orange and one long gene chromosome and a maternal set comprised of one blue and one short gene chromosome is expected to produce which of the following types of eggs after meiosis?

A) All eggs will have maternal types of gene combinations.

B) Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations.

C) All eggs will have paternal types of gene combinations.

D) Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having either blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations.