Which letter is the frontal region?
A
Which letter is the orbital region?
B
Which letter is the nasal region?
C
Which letter is the oral region?
D
Which letter is the mental region?
E
Which letter is the sternal region?
G
Which letter is the axillary region?
H
Which letter is the mammary region?
I
Which letter is the umbilical region?
J
Which letter is the cervical region?
F
Which letter is the inguinal region?
J
Which letter is the pubic region?
M
Which letter is the pelvic region?
K
Which letter is the acromial region?
N
Which letter is the brachial region?
O
Which letter is the antecubital region?
P
Which letter is the olecranal region?
AE
Which letter is the antebrachial region?
Q
Which letter is the carpal region?
R
Which letter is the pollex region?
S
Which letter is the metacarpal region?
AF
Which letter is the palmar region?
T
Which letter is the digital (hand) region?
U
Which letter is the coxal region?
V
Which letter is the femoral region?
W
Which letter is the patellar region?
X
Which letter is the popliteal region?
AG
Which letter is the crural region?
Y
Which letter is the fibular or peroneal region?
Z
Which letter is the tarsal region?
AA
Which letter is the calcaneal region?
AI
Which letter is the metatarsal region?
AB
Which letter is the digital (toes) region?
AC
Which letter is the plantar region?
AJ
Which letter is the hallux region?
AD
Which letter is the otic region?
AK
Which letter is the occipital region?
AL
Which letter is the scapular region?
AN
Which letter is the vertebral region?
AO
Which letter is the lumbar region?
AP
Which letter is the sacral region?
AQ
Which letter is the gluteal region?
AR
Which letter is the perineal region?
AS
What letter is the dorsal body cavity?
A
What letter is the cranial cavity (lateral view)?
B
What letter is the vertebral cavity (lateral view)?
C
What letter is the thoracic cavity?
D
What letter is the diaphragm?
E
What letter is the pelvic cavity?
G
What letter is the abdominal cavity?
F
What letter is the cranial cavity (anterior view)?
H
What letter is the vertebral cavity (anterior view)?
I
What letter is the superior mediastinum?
J
What letter is the pleural cavity?
K
What letter is the pericardial cavity?
L
What letter is the abdominopelvic cavity?
M
Which body cavity contains the cranial and vertebral cavities?
The dorsal body cavity
Which letter is the ventral body cavity?
N
Which cavity contains the brain?
The cranial cavity
Which cavity contains the spinal cord?
The vertebral cavity
Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?
The thoracic cavity
Which cavity contains the superior mediastinum, pleural cavity, and pericardial cavity?
The thoracic cavity
Which cavity contains the lungs?
The pleural cavity
Which cavity contains the heart?
The pericarical cavity
Which cavity contains digestive viscera?
The abdominal cavity
Which cavity contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum?
The pelvic cavity
Which body cavity contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
The ventral body cavity
Which letter indicates chromatin?
A
Which letter indicates the nucleolus?
B
Which letter indicates the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
C
Which letter indicates the cytosol?
D
Which letter indicates the lysosome?
F
Which letter indicates the mitochondrion?
E
Which letter indicates the centrioles?
G
Which letter indicates the centrosome matrix?
H
Which letter indicates microtubules?
I
Which letter indicates intermediate filaments?
J
Which letter indicates the nuclear envelope?
K
Which letter indicates the nucleus?
L
Which letter indicates the plasma membrane?
M
Which letter indicates the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
N
Which letter indicates ribosomes?
O
Which letter indicates the golgi apparatus?
P
Which letter indicates a secretion being released from the cell by exocytosis?
Q
Which letter indicates a peroxisome?
R
What serves as an external cell barrier and acts in the transport of substances into or out of the cell?
The plasma membrane?
What is the granular, threadlike material that is composed of DNA and histone proteins?
Chromatin
What is the site of ribosome subunit manufacture?
The nucleolus
What is the site of lipid and steriod hormone synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification?
The smooth ER
What is the fluid containing dissolved solutes in the cytoplasm?
Cytosol
What is the site of ATP synthesis?
Mitochondria
What are the sites of intracellular digestion?
Lysosomes
What organize a microtubule network during mitosis to form the spindle and asters?
Centrioles
What support the cell and give it shape, are involved in intracellular movements, and form centrioles?
Microtubules?
What are the stable cytoskeletal elements that resist tension forces acting on the cell?
Intermediate filaments
What separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates passage of substances to and from the nucleus?
The nuclear envelope
What is the control center of the cell that is responsible for transmitting genetic information and providing the instructions for protein synthesis?
The nucleus
What makes proteins that are secreted from the cell?
The rough ER
What are the sites of protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
What packages, modifies, and segregates proteins for secretion from the cell?
The golgi apparatus
What are the enzymes that detoxify a number of toxic substances including hydrogen peroxide?
Peroxisomes
Which letter signifies simple diffusion?
A
Which letter signifies osmosis?
B
Which letter signifies facilitated diffusion?
C
Which letter signifies active transport?
D
What is simple diffusion?
The tendency of molecules to move down their concentration gradient
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water molecules across a membrane
What is facilitated diffusion?
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient through an integral protein
What is active transport?
Intergral proteins moving molecules across the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient
Which letter shows interphase?
A
Which letter shows early prophase?
B
Which letter shows late prophase?
C
Which letter shows metaphase?
D
Which letter shows anaphase?
E
Which letter shows telophase and cytokenesis?
F
What is interphase?
The period of a cell's life when it carries out its normal metabolic activities and grows.
What happens during interphase?
The DNA-containing material is in the form of chromatin, and the nuclear envelope and one or more nucleoli are intact and visible.
What happens during early prophase?
The chromatin coils and condenses, forming bar-like chromosomes. As the chromosomes appear, the nucleoli disappear, and the two centrosomes separate from one another. Microtubles lengthen and propel the centrosomes toward opposite poles of the cell. Asters extend from the centrosome matrix.
What happens during late prophase?
The nuclear envelope breaks up, allowing the spindle to interact with the chromosomes. Microtubules draw the chromosomes to the center of the cell.
What happens during metaphase?
The two centromeres are at opposite poles of the cell. The chromosomes align at the midline of the cell.
What happens during anaphase?
The centromeres split, and each chromatid becomes its own chromosome. The microtubules pull each chromosome toward a pole as the poles are pushed apart.
What happens during telophase?
The identical sets of chromosomes at the opposite poles of the cell begin to uncoil and resume their threadlike chromatin form. A new nuclear envelope forms around each chromatin mass, nucleoli reappear within the nuclei, and the spindle breaks down and disappears.
What happens during cytokenesis?
A contractile ring of actin microfilaments forms a cleavage furrow around the cell and pinches it apart.
What letter is the epithelium?
A
What letter is connective tissue?
B
What letter is cilia?
C
What letter is showing the narrow extracellular space?
D
What letter is the microvilli?
E
What letter is the apical region of an epithelial cell?
F
What letter is showing a tight junction?
G
What letter is the adhesive belt?
H
What letter is the desmosome?
I
What letter is showing a gap junction?
J
What letter is the basal region?
K
What letter is the basal lamina?
L
What letter is showing the reticular fibers?
M
What letter is the basement membrane?
N
What is an epithelium?
A sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity.
What is connective tissue?
Tissue that connects the tissues and organs of the body together, forms the basis of the skeleton, stores and carries nutrients, surrounds blood vessels and nerves, and leads the body's fight against infection. Support all epithelia.
What is the purpose of cilia?
To push mucus and other substances over the epithelial surface
What is the purpose of microvilli?
To maximize the surface area across which small molecules enter or leave cells and help anchor mucus sheets to the epithelial surface.
What are desmosomes?
The main junctions for binding cells together.
What is the function of gap junctions?
They allow small molecules to move directly between neighboring cells.
What is the function of the apical surface of epithelium?
To abut the open space of a cavity, tubule, gland, or hollow organ.
What is the function of the basement membrane of epithelia?
To provide support
What is the function of the basal lamina?
It consists of proteins secreted by epithelial cells and acts as a selective filter and scaffolding.
Which letter indicates connective tissue proper?
A
Which letter indicates cartilage?
B
Which letter indicates bone tissue?
C
Which letter indicates blood?
D
What is the function of connective tissue proper?
It functions as a binding tissue that resists mechanical stress, particularly tension.
What is the function of cartilage?
It resists compression and functions to cushion and support body structures.
What is the function of bone tissue?
It is a hard tissue that functions in support and resists both compression and tension
What is the function of blood?
Carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, and other substances throughout the body
Which letter shows the hair shaft?
A
Which letter is pointing to the epidermis?
B
Which letter is pointing to the dermis?
C
Which letter is pointing to the papillary dermis?
D
Which letter is pointing to the reticular dermis?
E
Which letter is pointing to the hypoderma?
F
Which letter is pointing to the sensory nerve fiber?
G
Which letter is pointing to the lamellar corpuscle?
H
Which letter is pointing to the hair follicle receptor?
I
Which letter is pointing to the dermal papillae?
J
Which letter is pointing to the subpapillary vascular plexus?
K
Which letter is pointing to the sweat pore?
L
Which letter is pointing to the eccrine sweat gland?
M
Which letter is pointing to the arrector pilli muscle?
N
Which letter is pointing to the sebaceous gland?
O
Which letter is pointing to the hair follicle?
P
Which letter is pointing to the hair root?
Q
Which letter is pointing to the adipose tissue?
S
Which letter is pointing to the dermal vascular plexus?
R
What is the epidermis?
A keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that contains four distinct types of cells: keratinocytes, melanocytes, tactile epithelial cells, and dendritic cells.
What is the dermis?
The second layer of the skin that is a strong, flexible, connective tissue.
What is the papillary dermis?
The superficial 20% of the dermis which is areolar connective tissue that contains very thin collagen fibers.
What is the reticular dermis?
The lower 80% of the dermis which is dense irregular connective tissue with thick bundles of interlacing collagen and elastic fibers that run in many different planes.
What is the hypodermis?
Fatty layer under the skin consisting of areolar and adipose tissues that anchors the skin to the underlying structures and insulates our body
What is the function of the hair follicle receptor?
To stimulate nerve endings when the hair shaft bends, making the hair a touch receptor
What is the function of dermal papillae?
To increase the surface area of the dermis for the exchange of gasses, nutrients, and waste products.
Where is hyaline cartilage found in the body?
It makes up the articular cartilage that covers the ends of adjoining bones in movable joints. It also forms the cartilaginous attachments of the ribs to the sternum, accounts for most of the cartilage found in respiratory structures, and forms the embryonic skeleton
Where is elastic cartilage found in the body?
The epiglottis and the outer ear.
Where is fibrocartilage found in the body?
Discs between vertebrae and the meniscus of the knee