Which of the following refers to the study of microorganisms?
A. Pharmacology
B. Microbiology
C. Hematology
B. MICROBIOLOGY
Which of the following is a characteristic of resident normal flora?
A. They are normally found on the skin and within the human body
B. They have no effect on animals but are dangerous to humans
C. They are referred to as pathogenic
A. THEY ARE NORMALLY FOUND ON THE SKIN AND WITHIN THE HUMAN BODY
An example of a subcellular microorganism is?
A. Virus
B. Bacterium
C. Protozoan
A. VIRUS
Which of the following is an example of a microorganism that is classified a prokaryotic cell?
A. Fungus
B. Virus
C. Bacterium
C. BACTERIUM
Which of the following is a characteristic of a subcellular microorganism?
A. Complex cell structure containing a nucleus
B. Highly structured organism with specialized organelles in the cytoplasm
C. Noncellular structure in which the nucleic acid is surrounded by a protein coat
C. NONCELLULAR STRUCTURE IN WHICH THE NUCLEIC ACID IS SURROUNDED BY A PROTEIN COAT
Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
A. They are noncellular
B. They are simply structured with a single chromosome and no organelles
C. They are highly structured and contain nucleus
B. THEY ARE STRUCTURED WITH A SINGLE CHROMOSOME AND NO ORGANELLES
Which of the following are characteristics of eukaryotic cells?
A. They have a complex cell structure containing a nucleus and specialized organelles in the cytoplasm
B. They have a simple cell structure
C. They are noncellular
A. THEY HAVE A COMPLEX CELL STRUCTURE CONTAINING A NUCLEUS AND SPECIALIZED ORGANELLES INTHE CYTOPLASM
Which classification of microorganisms contains protozoans, fungi, and parasites?
A. Subcellular
B. Prokaryotic
C. Eurkaryotic
D. Bacteria
C. EUKARYOTIC
A microorganism capable of causing disease is a?
A. Pathogen
B. Macrophage
C. Nucleotide
A. PATHOGEN
Which of the following can weaken the body's ability to fight infection?
A. High-protein diet
B. Cancer treatment
C. Proper hygiene habits
B. CANCER TREATMENTS
Beneficial bacteria found in the body that perform functions such as producing vitamins are called?
A. Antigens
B. Normal flora
C. Immune flora
C. NORMAL FLORA
What disorder is a complication of a strep infection manifested by inflammation of the heart tissue?
A. Tetanus
B. Rheumatic fever
C. Pertusis
B. RHEUMATIC FEVER
The viral infection that affects the salivary glands, causing fever, headache and inflammation of the glands is?
A. Whooping cough
B. Meningitis
C. Mumps
D. Rubella
C. MUMPS
The respiratory disease that causes fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, and fatigue, and is spread by airborne transmission is?
A. Mumps
B. Measles
C. Influenza
D. Pertusis
C. INFLUENZA
A 9 year old who has a high fever, headache, and an itchy rash. Although Amy usually has a good appetite, her mother says she has not been hungry for the past few days. The rash is starting to blister. Which of the following diseases might you suspect?
A. Chickenpox
B. Rubella
C. Diphtheria
A. CHICKENPOX
Mononucleosis is caused by which of the following?
A. Varicella-zoster virus
B. Enterovirus vermicularis
C. Epstein-Barr virus
C. EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS
3 Year old Tyler's parents report that he has had a runny nose and a mild cough for the last several days. They brought him in because the coughing has become terrible in the past 24 hours. While getting the history, you notice a "whoop" sound as Tyler inhales after a severe coughing spell, what is the most probable cause?
A. Tetanus B. Diphtheria C. Croup
D. Rubella E. Pertusis
E. PERTUSIS
Which of the following microorganisms cause diseases that are a leading cause of death in developing countries because of lack of proper sanitation?
A. Viruses
B. Bacteria
C. Protozoans
C. PROTOZOANS
Which of the following are examples of diseases caused by viruses?
A. Gonorrhea and meningitis
B. Tinea pedis and Vaginal yeast infections
C. Malaria and trichomoniasis vaginitis
D. Chickenpox, hepatitis, and influenza
D. CHICKENPOX, HEPATITIS, AND INFLUENZA
Which of the following are characteristics of viruses?
A. They cannot be seen with a regular microscope
B. They reproduce by budding and do not cause disease in humans
C. They are single-celled organisms that reproduce very quickly
A. THEY CANNOT BE SEEN WITH A REGULAR MICROSCOPE
Bacteria are most commonly classified according to their?
A. Ability to retain certain dyes
B. Ability to grow in the presence or absence of air
C. Biochemical reactions
D. Shape
D. SHAPE
The comma shaped bacteria are?
A. Bacilli
B. Vibrios
C. Cocci
D. Spirilla
B. VIBRIOS
The spiral shaped bacterium are?
A. Bacillus
B. Coccus
C. Spirillium
D. Vibrio
C. SPIRILLIUM
Which of the following bacteria grow in grape-like clusters and are commonly found on skin?
A. Diplococci
B. Mycobacteria
C. Staphylococci
D. Mycoplasma
C. STAPHYLOCOCCI
Which type of bacteria causes boils, acne, abscesses, food poisoning and a type of pneumonia?
A. Diplococci
B. Spirilla
C. Staphylococci
D. Streptococci
C. STAPHYLOCOCCI
What is the term for the type of cocci that are in pairs?
A. Vibrios
B. Streptococci
C. Diplococci
C. DIPLOCOCCI
What is the shape of streptococci bacteria?
A. Chains
B. Pairs
C. Grape-like clusters
A. CHAINS
Diplococci bacteria are responsible for causing?
A. Boils, acne, and abscesses
B. Gonorrhea and some form of meningitis
C. Gastroenteritis and tetanus
B. GONORRHEA AND SOME FORM OF MENINGITIS
Which of the following microorganisms cause infections such as strep throat, certain types of pneumonia and rheumatic fever?
A. Streptococci
B. Mycobacteria
C. Rickettsia
A. STREPTOCOCCI
Which of the following types of bacteria are responsible for gastroenteritis, tuberculosis, whooping cough, botulism and tetanus?
A. Spirilla
B. Bacilli
C. Staphylococci
B. BACILLI
Which of the following types of bacteria are responsible for infections such as syphilis and Lyme disease?
A. Staphylococci
B. Spirilla
C. Vibrios
B. SPIRILLA
Which of the following types of bacteria are responsible for diseases such as cholera?
A. Spirilla
B. Vibrios
C. Staphylococci
B. VIBRIOS
What is the name of a solution of a dye or group of dyes that imparts a distinctive color to microorganisms?
A. Smear
B. Wet mount
C. Stain
C. STAIN
Which of the following is the most common staining procedure, which differentiates bacteria according to the chemical composition of their cell walls?
A. Gram stain
B. Methylene blue stain
C. Acid-fast stain
D. Congo red stain
A. GRAM STAIN
The acid-fast stain procedure is a?
A. Preparation of a specimen in a liquid that allows the organisms to remain alive and mobile
B. Procedure for identifying bacteria with a waxy cell wall
C. Smear in which a specimen is spread thinly and unevenly across the slide
B. PROCEDURE FOR IDENTIFYING BACTERIA WITH A WAXY CELL WALL
Which of the following are bacteria that grow best in the presence of oxygen?
A. Mordants
B. Aerobes
C. Keratins
B. AEROBES
A preparation of a specimen in a liquid that allows the organisms to remain alive and mobile while being identified is a(n)?
A. Stain
B. Culture
C. Smear
D. Wet mount
E. Mordant
E. MORDANT
Which of the following is true regarding anaerobes?
A. They grow best in the presence of oxygen
B. They are identified by biochemical reactions that occur within the cell
C. They grow best in the absence of oxygen
A. THEY GROW BEST IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN
A sample of a specimen that is placed in or on a substance that allows microorganisms to grow is a?
A. Stain
B. Smear
C. Wet mount
D. Culture
D. CULTURE
Facultative bacteria are bacteria that?
A. Grow best in the presence of oxygen
B. Grow in the presence or absence of oxygen
C. Grow best in the absence of oxygen
B. GROW IN THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF OXYGEN
In which of the following is a specimen spread thinly and unevenly across a slide?
A. Stain
B. Smear
C. Culture
B. SMEAR
Which of the following, found in insects such as ticks and mites are responsible for diseases such as rocky mountain spotted fever and typhus?
A. Mycobacteria
B. Chlamydiae
C. Mycoplasmas
D. Rickettsiae
D. RICKETTSIAE
The genus that causes Tuberculosis and leprosy is?
A. Staphylococcus
B. Mycobacteria
C. Streptococcus
B. MYCOBACTERIA
Which of the following cause eye disease, venereal disease, and a form of pneumonia?
A. Spirilla
B. Rickettsiae
C. Chlamydiae
C. CHLAMYDIAE
Fungi that grow into large, fuzzy, multicelled organisms that produce spores are called?
A. Keratins
B. Molds
C. Spirilla
B. MOLDS
Which of the following is an organism that lives on or in another organism and uses that other organism for its nourishment, or for some other advantage, to the detriment of the host organism?
A. Mordant
B. Fungus
C. Colony
D. Yeast
E. Parasite
E. PARASITE
An infection caused by a parasite is called a(n)?
A. Outbreak
B. Mordant
C. Infestation
C. INFESTATION
Which of the following is a parasitic disease?
A. Syphilis
B. Pneumonia
C. Hepatitis
D. Scabies
D. SCABIES
Which of the following reproduce by budding?
A. Viruses
B. Protozoans
C. Yeasts
C. YEASTS
Which of the following involves culturing a specimen and then testing the isolated bacteriums susceptibility to antibiotics?
A. Culture and sensitivity
B. KOH mount
C. Acid-fast stain
A. CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY
Which of the following is an agent that kills microorganisms or suppresses their growth?
A. Culture
B. Smear
C. Stain
D. Mordant
E. Antimicrobial
E. ANTIMICROBIAL
Which of the following guidelines for the preparation and transportation of a specimen to an outside laboratory for pathologic study?
A. Use whatever collection device is available
B. Maintain the sample in a state as close to its original state as possible
C. Use the same specimen for both microbiologic and pathologic exam
B. MAINTAIN TEH SAMPLE IN A STATE AS CLOSE TO ITS ORIGINAL STATE AS POSSIBLE
Which of the following is an inflammation of the heart tissue that occurs most frequently in school age children as a result of an untreated strep throat?
A. Colitis
B. Tuberculosis
C. Rheumatic Fever
C. RHUEMATIC FEVER
Which of the following specimens would be collected if the practitioner suspect TB?
A. Stool specimen
B. Wound specimen
C. Throat culture specimen
D. Sputum specimen
D. SPUTUM SPECIMEN
Which of the following should be included when obtaining a throat culture specimen from a patient?
A. Wear exam gloves, goggles, and a mask or face shield
B. Instruct all adult patients to lie down for the procedure
C. Swab the back of the throat, including the uvula and the soft tissue hanging from the roof of the mouth
A. WEAR EXAM GLOVES, GOGGLES, AND A MASK OR FACE MASK
Which type of specimen is examined for the presence of parasites such as roundworms or tapeworms?
A. Throat culture
B. Stool specimen
C. Wound specimen
B. STOOL SPECIMEN
Mary has come in to the medical office complaining of an infection involving her left great toenail. Which of the following tests will the practitioner order for this condition?
A. Smear
B. Culture
C. Gram stain
D. Wet mount
E. KOH mount
E. KOH MOUNT
Which of the following should you include when preparing a KOH mount?
A. Suspend the specimen in a drop of 10% potassium hydroxide '
B. Avoid covering the specimen with a coverslip
C. Exam specimen immediately after obtaining it
D. Refrigerate the specimen if you cannot examine it immediately after obtaining it.
D. REFRIGERATE TEH SPECIMEN IF YOU CANNOT EXAMINE THE SPECIMEN IMMEDIATELY AFTER OBTAINING IT.
The hard protein that makes visualizing the fungus possible during a KOH mount is calles?
A. Keratin
B. Mordant
C. Agar
A. KERATIN
Which of the following would you include in the preparation of a microbiologic specimen smear?
A. Rub the specimen swab vigorously over the frosted part of the slide
B. Wave the slide in the air to help dry
C. Heat-fix the slide with the smear side up
C. HEAT-FIX THE SLIDE WITH THE SMEAR SIDE UP
A substance that can intensify or deepen the response of a specimen to a stain is called a?
A. Keratin
B. Mordant
C. Agar
B. MORDANT
Which of the following would you include when performing a gram stain?
A. Cover only a small area of the specimen on the side with the crystal violet stain
B. Allow the stain to sit no more than 10 seconds
C. Cover the entire specimen area with iodine and allow it to remain for 1 minute
C. COVER THE ENTIRE SPECIMEN ARE WITH IODINE AND ALLOW IT TO REMAIN FOR 1 MINUTE
Which of the following is a distinct group of organisms that can be seen on the surface of the culture medium?
A. Mordant
B. Colony
C. Agar
B. COLONY
The gelatin-like substance derived from seaweed that gives a culture medium its consistency is called?
A. Keratin
B. Agar
C. Mordant
B. AGAR
Determination of the number of bacteria present in specimens is called?
A. Quantitative analysis
B. Sensitivity testing
C. Staining
A. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
Determination of the type of pathogen is called?
A. Quantitative analysis
B. Sensitivity testing
C. Qualitative analysis
C. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
What information must be included on a laboratory request form?
A. Type of organism suspected
B. Patient's phone number
C. Source of the microbiologic specimen
C. SOURCE OF THE MICROBIOLOGIC SPECIMEN
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) AND Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) are caused by a
A. Virus
B. Bacterium
C. Protozoan
D. Fungus
E. Prion
E. PRION
Which of the following is a virus that infects and gradually destroys components of the immune system resulting in AIDS?
A. SARS
B. HIV
C. MRSA
B. HIV
Procedures for packaging and labeling a specimen for mail delivery
are set by?
A. OSHA
B. EPA
C. WHO
D. CDC
D. CDC
A living microorganism or its toxin may cause human disease that is transported through the US MAIL MUST be marked as a(N)?
A. Mordant
B. Virus
C. Infestation
D. Etiologic agent
D. ETIOLOGIC AGENT