What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
The lymphatic system returns leaked fluid and plasma proteins that escape from the bloodstream back to the blood.
Label the diagram:
right lymphatic duct
thoracic duct
cisterna chyli
collecting lymphatic vessels
cervical nodes
axillary nodes
inguinal nodes
What is the origin of lymph fluid?
Lymph is excess fluid formed from plasma that accumulates in the tissues as interstitial fluid.
once collected, where does lymph drain to?
the venous circulation
Adjacent cells in lymphatic capillaries overlap each other loosely. What is the unique structural modification that increases their permeability?
mini valves (let fluid in but not out)
What promotes closing of the mini valves accosted with lymph capillaries?
increasing pressure inside the lymph capillary.
are lymphatic capillaries permeable to proteins?
yes
does lymph travel to and from the heart?
no
from what regions of the body is lymph drained into the right lymphatic duct?
the right upper limb, right side of the head and thorax.
what are formed from the union of the largest collecting lymphatic vessels?
lymphatic trunks
what is the name of the enlarged sac that the lumbar trunks and intestinal trunk return lymph to?
cisterna chyli
where are the three large clusters of superficial lymph nodes?
the cervical region, axillary region, and inguinal region
true or false?
because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics
true
true or false?
digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries
true
true or false?
lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue
true
which lymph cells produce antibodies?
plasma cells ( activated B cells)
what is a role of lymph nodes
they filter lymph
what region of the lymph node contains follicles filled with dividing b cells?
the cortex
which lymphoid organ extracts aged and defective blood cells and platelets from the blood in addition to storing some of the breakdown products for later use?
the spleen
which part of the spleen is the site of immune function?
white pulp (contains reticular fibers with lymphocytes which cleans the blood and are an important part of immunological surveillance and response)
which lymphatic organ is organized with trabecular and compartments containing red and white pulp?
spleen
payer's patches are mucosa-associated lymph tissue located where?
in the wall of the small intestine
what is the function of bone marrow
form lymphocytes
what is the function of the spleen
to remove red blood cells
what is the function of the thymus
to mature t cells
true or false?
the thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not directly fight antigens
true
when is the thymus most active
childhood
what is true about the thymus?
it functions strictly in t lymphocyte maturation
it doesn't fight antigens directly
its storm consists of epithelial tissue
what is true about lymphocytes
b cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.
primary lymphoid organ
thymus
what lymphoid cell traps antigens and transport them to lymph nodes?
dendritic cells
Which organ is not a secondary lymph organ?
thymus