1) Which of the following statements about sepsis is FALSE?
A) Symptoms include fever and decreased blood pressure.
B) Lymphangitis may occur.
C) It can be treated with antibiotics.
D) It usually is caused by gram-positive bacteria.
D
2) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) subacute bacterial endocarditis — alpha-hemolytic streptococci
B) acute bacterial endocarditis — Staphylococcus aureus
C) pericarditis — Streptococcus pyogenes
D) puerperal sepsis — Staphylococcus aureus
D
3) Which of the following is NOT a recognized form of anthrax?
A) cutaneous
B) inhalationial
C) septic
C
4) Which of the following is NOT typically treated with penicillin?
A) serious wounds at risk for gas gangrene
B) tularemia
C) patients at risk for rheumatic fever
B
5) Which of the following statements about tularemia is FALSE?
A) It is caused by Francisella tularensis.
B) The most common reservoir is rabbits.
C) It may be transmitted by arthropods.
D) It may be transmitted by direct contact.
E) It occurs only in California.
E
6) Which of the following is a symptom of brucellosis?
A) gastroenteritis
B) relapsing fever
C) undulant fever
C
7) Which of the following is NOT transmitted in raw milk?
A) toxoplasmosis
B) anthrax
C) brucellosis
A
8) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Bacillus anthracis?
A) is aerobic
B) is gram-positive
C) forms endospores
D) found in soil
E) produces endotoxins
E
9) The symptoms of gas gangrene are due to all of the following EXCEPT
A) microbial fermentation.
B) necrotizing exotoxins.
C) proteolytic enzymes.
D) hyaluronidase.
E) endocarditis
E
10) Which of the following bacterial infections CANNOT be transmitted by dog or cat bites?
A) Pasteurella multocida
B) Streptobacillus
C) Bartonella henselae
B
11) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) malaria — Anopheles (mosquito)
B) dengue — Aedes (mosquito)
C) epidemic typhus — Pediculus (louse)
D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever — Dermacentor (tick)
E) encephalitis — Ixodes (tick)
E
12) Unsanitary and crowded conditions increase the incidence of all of the following diseases EXCEPT
A) plague.
B) epidemic typhus.
C) endemic murine typhus.
D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
D
13) Which of the following statements about toxoplasmosis is FALSE?
A) It is caused by a protozoan.
B) The reservoir is cats.
C) It is transmitted by the gastrointestinal route.
D) It is a severe illness in adults.
D
14) Which of the following pairs does NOT apply to Chagas' disease?
A) causative agent — Trypanosoma cruzi
B) vector — kissing bug
C) reservoir — rodents
D) diagnosis of acute phase — serological tests for antibodies
D
15) Which of the following is NOT caused by a bacterium?
A) epidemic typhus
B) tickborne typhus
C) malaria
C
16) A patient presents with inflammation of the heart valves, fever, malaise, and subcutaneous nodules at joints. The recommended treatment is
A) supportive care.
B) streptomycin.
C) chloroquine.
A
17) Which of the following statements about puerperal sepsis is FALSE?
A) It is transmitted from mother to fetus.
B) It is caused by health care personnel.
C) It begins as a focal infection.
A
18) Which of the following statements about schistosomiasis is FALSE?
A) The cercariae penetrate human skin.
B) They symptoms are caused by immune reactions to the eggs shed in the human host.
C) The intermediate host is an aquatic snail.
D) It is caused by a roundworm.
D
19) Which of the following statements about rheumatic fever is FALSE?
A) It is a complication of a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
B) It is an inflammation of the heart.
C) It is an inflammation of the joints.
D) It is rarely fatal, even when untreated.
D
20) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Rickettsia — intracellular parasite
B) Brucella — gram-negative aerobic rods
C) Francisella — gram-positive facultatively anaerobic pleomorphic bacillus
C
21) Which of the following can be transmitted from an infected mother to her fetus across the placenta?
A) Borrelia
B) cytomegalovirus
C) Spirillum
B
22) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Borrelia — relapsing fever
B) Yersinia — plague
C) Streptobacillus — rat-bite fever
D) Pasteurella — cat-scratch disease
D
23) A patient returning from an extended trip into Mexico has the following symptoms: a papule at the site of a previous bug bite and enlarged lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of the papule reveals nucleated cells in white blood cells. The patient most likely has
A) anthrax.
B) brucellosis.
C) leishmaniasis.
C
24) Human-to-human transmission of plague is usually by
A) rat flea.
B) dog flea.
C) the respiratory route.
C
25) A characteristic symptom of plague is
A) small red spots on the skin.
B) swollen lymph nodes.
C) rose-colored spots.
B
26) Which of the following pairs regarding the epidemiology of malaria is mismatched?
A) vector — Ixodes
B) etiology — Plasmodium
C) found in liver — sporozoites
A
27) A predisposing factor for infection by Clostridium perfringens is
A) gangrene.
B) burns.
C) debridement.
A
28) Which of the following is NOT a zoonosis?
A) puerperal sepsis
B) Hantavirus infection
C) anthrax
A
29) Arthropods can serve as a reservoir for all of the following diseases EXCEPT
A) plague.
B) brucellosis.
C) epidemic typhus.
B
30) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) cat-scratch disease — malignant pustule developing into septicemia
B) brucellosis — a temperature of 40°C each evening
C) tularemia — a localized infection appearing as a small ulcer
A
31) Which of the following CANNOT be transmitted to humans from domestic cats?
A) toxoplasmosis
B) plague
C) Chagas' disease
C
32) Which of the following is the same for both relapsing fever and undulant fever?
A) rising and falling body temperature
B) mode of transmission
C) presence of rash
A
33) Which of the following is NOT treated with antibiotics?
A) plague
B) tularemia
C) Lyme disease
D) Ebola
D
34) Which of the following produces a permanent carrier state following infection?
A) Borrelia
B) cytomegalovirus
C) Spirillum
B
35) Epstein-Barr virus has been implicated in all of the following EXCEPT
A) endocarditis.
B) infectious mononucleosis.
C) Burkitt's lymphoma.
A
36) Which of the following leads to all the others?
A) subcutaneous hemorrhaging
B) presence of antirickettsial antibodies
C) blockage of capillaries
D) bacterial growth in endothelial cells
D
37) A patient complains of fever, severe muscle and joint pain, and a rash. The patient reports returning from a Caribbean vacation one week ago. Which of the following do you suspect?
A) Lassa fever
B) dengue
C) Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever
B
38) Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched for Gram reaction?
A) Lyme disease — gram-negative
B) tularemia — gram-negative
C) anthrax — gram-positive
D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever — gram-negative
E) Ehrlichia — gram-positive
E
39) Scrapings from a patient's rash reveal cercariae. The disease is most likely
A) Lyme disease.
B) Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
C) relapsing fever.
D) swimmer's itch.
D
40) You advise your pregnant friend to not adopt a new kitten from her neighbor because she could contract
A) plague.
B) Brukitt's Lymphoma.
C) toxoplasmosis.
C
41) Which of the following is evidence that the arthritis afflicting children in Lyme, Connecticut, was due to bacterial infection?
A) treatable with penicillin
B) not contagious
C) accompanied by a rash
A
42) Which of the following is NOT controlled by a mosquito eradication program?
A) chikungunya fever
B) yellow fever
C) dengue fever
D) schistosomiasis
D
43) A 62-year-old man was hospitalized with an eight-day history of fever, chills, sweats, and vomiting. His temperature on admission was 40°C (104°F). A routine peripheral blood smear revealed ring-shaped bodies in the RBCs. What treatment would you prescribe?
A) hyperbaric oxygen
B) mefloquine
C) no treatment
B
44) Which of the following statements about group B streptococci is FALSE?
A) They are present in healthy carriers.
B) They cause gram-positive sepsis.
C) They cause strep throat.
C
45) Brucella bacteria are considered a potential agent of bioterrorism because
A) they are not susceptible to antibiotics.
B) they easily become airborne.
C) infection causes a fever.
B
1) All lymph that returns to the heart must pass through at least one lymph node.
TRUE
2) Lymph contains red blood cells.
FALSE
3) Pathogens must be blood-borne in order to initiate sepsis.
FALSE
4) Neonatal sepsis is most commonly caused by group A streptococci.
FALSE
5) Subacute bacterial endocarditis is commonly the result of infections initially focused on the oral cavity.
TRUE
6) All viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks have been confined to the Eastern Hemisphere.
FALSE
7) Netting modified for sandflies should also be useful in preventing malaria.
TRUE
8) Tularemia is considered to be a potential bioterrorism agent due its high infective dose.
FALSE
9) All forms of typhus are associated with arthropod vectors.
TRUE
10) The most likely primary site of replication during mononucleosis is the B lymphocyte.
TRUE