BMD 114 10C HW Flashcards

Which group of muscles elevates the first two ribs and flexes and rotates the neck?

the splenius

the iliocostalis

the scalenes

the spinalis

Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction.True/False

The muscle that divides the ventral body cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the __________.

internal oblique

diaphragm

psoas majo

rtransversus abdominis

Which of the following muscles does the phrenic nerve innervate?

the internal intercostals

the diaphragm

the sternocleidomastoid muscles

the external intercostals

The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action?

to initiate abduction of the arm, to stabilize the shoulder joint and to help prevent downward dislocation of the humerus

to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally

to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major

to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi

Which muscle(s) is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly?

diaphragm alone

external intercostals and diaphragm

internal intercostals and rectus abdominus

rectus abdominis and diaphragm

The diaphragm flattens and moves inferiorly during inspiration.True/False

Which of the following is not a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process?

external intercostal

diaphragm

internal intercostal

latissimus dorsi

The ________ runs deep to the internal oblique.

latissimus dorsi

transversus abdominis

external oblique

rectus abdominis

The abnormal protrusion of the small intestine through a weak point in the muscle of the abdominal wall is called a ________.

hernia

pulled muscle

hyperextension

sprain

Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking?

rectus abdominis

transversus abdominis

external oblique

internal oblique

Label

Which of these muscles is visible in the figure but NOT indicated by a letter?

external oblique

transversus abdominis

serratus anterior

internal oblique

Which muscle originates on the pubic crest and symphysis and inserts on the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs V through VII?

A

B

C

D

Identify the action of the muscle at A.

flex the spine

compress the abdomen

twist the trunk

extend the spine

Donna was rushing to class and slipped on a patch of ice and fell backward. An x-ray revealed a broken coccyx. All the associated muscles were bruised. Which muscles were they?

Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus

Coccygeus and gluteus maximusIschiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus

Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani

Levator ani and coccygeus

A young pregnant woman went to a childbirth class and the instructor informed them about strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor. What are these muscles, and why should she strengthen them?

Coccygeus and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth.

Perineal muscle, levator ani, and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."

Ischiocavernosus, coccygeus, and gluteus maximus; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth.

Gluteus maximus, coccygeus, and levator ani; strengthening these muscles helps in correctly positioning and orienting the child prior to birth.

Levator ani and coccygeus; strengthening these muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."

A nurse can facilitate respiratory functioning by encouraging deep breathing exercises such as diaphragmatic breathing. What is diaphragmatic breathing?

It is the contraction of the external intercostal muscles to lift the ribcage, aiding inspiration.

It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing a decrease in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.

It is the alternating contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm, causing an increase in pressure in the abdominopelvic cavity and facilitating blood flow to the heart.

It is the alternating contraction of the external and internal intercostals muscles to aid inspiration and expiration.

It is the contraction of the internal intercostals muscles to depress the ribcage, aiding expiration.

Identify the levator ani muscle.
A

B

C

D

What is the name and origin of the muscle at A?

ischiocavernosus; ischial tuberosities

bulbospongiosus; central tendon of perineum

coccygeus; spine of the ischium

superficial transverse perineal; ischial tuberosity

Which muscle is innervated by the S₃ nerve, S₄ nerve, and the inferior rectal nerve (a branch of the pudendal nerve)?

A

B

C

D

Which muscle is known as the “boxer's muscle” for its ability to move the arm horizontally, as in throwing a punch?

A B C D

The ________ is known as the "boxer's muscle."

rectus abdominis

flexor digitorum longus

serratus anterior

biceps brachii

Which muscle is a prime mover of arm adduction?

A B C D

Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?

supraspinatus

infraspinatus

teres major

subscapularis

Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?

They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.

They are often called strap muscles.

They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.

They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.

LABEL

Which of the following muscles is shown on this image but is NOT indicated with a letter?

deltoid

teres major

latissimus dorsi

levator scapulae

Which of the following letters represents the infraspinatus muscle?

A B C D

Which letter represents the biceps brachii muscle?

A

B

C

D

Which of the muscles indicated by letters has action at only one joint?

A B D

The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi.True/False

Which muscle is an antagonist to the biceps brachii muscle?

A

B

C

D

Which of the following muscles is not a rotator cuff muscle?

subscapularis

levator scapulae

supraspinatus

teres minor

A reduction in the lateral angle of the glenohumeral joint in relation to the anatomical position would be called __________.

flexion

abduction

adduction

extension

Movement of the shoulder laterally away from the body is called __________.

extension

adduction

abduction

flexion

The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________.

left scapular nerve

thoracic nerve

intercostals nerve

singuinal nerve

Which joint is considered the most flexible joint in the body?

the wrist joint

the elbow joint

the hip joint

the shoulder joint

Muscles of the shoulder can be divided into groups based on __________.

size

location (superior and inferior)

location (anterior and posterior)

distribution and functional relationships

Which of the following groups of muscles are not muscles of the shoulder?

muscles that stabilize and cross the glenohumeral joint

muscles that act on the pectoral girdle

the anterior flexor muscles

the rotator cuff muscles

The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________

.expiration

neither inspiration nor expiration

both expiration and inspiration

inspiration

The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the __________.

inferior coxial nerve

inferior gluteal nerve

superior gluteal nerve

superior coxial nerve

The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________.

ischial bone

pubic bone

sacral bone

ileum bone

The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the __________.

medial condyle and posterior surface of the femur

lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur

patellar surface and posterior surface of the femur

patellar surface and anterior surface of the femur

The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the __________.

fibular nerve

tibial nerve

ulnar nerve

plantar nerve

The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto __________.

the posterior surface of the tibia

the calcaneus

digits two through five

the middle phalanx of digit one

The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________.

five through twelve

eight through twelve

seven through twelve

six through twelve

The majority of the fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the __________.

superior border of the os coxae

iliotibial tract

gluteal tuberosity

inferior border of the os coxae

The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle during __________.

medial rotation

flexion

lateral rotation

extension

The actions of the internal intercostals are most important during __________.

forced inspiration

normal inspiration

normal expiration

forced expiration

The actions of the internal obliques include __________.

compression of the abdomen to assist in forced inspiration

compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration

compression of the rib cage to assist in forced expiration

compression of the rib cage to assist in forced inspiration

The insertion of the pectineus muscle is __________ and on the __________.

posterior; femur

posterior; pubis

anterior; pubis

anterior; femur

The pectineus muscle __________ the thigh and is innervated by the __________ nerve.

abducts and extends; femoral

adducts and flexes; fibular

abducts and extends; fibular

adducts and flexes; femoral

The rhomboid minor muscle sits __________.

inferior to the rhomboid major

superficial to the rhomboid major

superior to the rhomboid major

deep to the rhomboid major

The deltoid muscle fibers are separated into __________.

superficial and deep

anterior, middle, and posterior

superior, middle, and inferior

lateral, medial, and proximal

The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle __________.

abduct the arm

adduct the arm

laterally rotate the arm

medially rotate the arm

The latissimus dorsi inserts __________.

on the lesser tubercle of the humerus

on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

on the intertubercular groove of the humerus

on the greater tubercle of the humerus

One of the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to __________.

adduct the arm

flex the arm

lateral rotation of the arm

abduct the arm

All fibers of the triceps brachii are innervated by the __________.

axillary nerve

radial nerve

ulnar nerve

humeral nerve

The infraspinatus inserts on the ____________ of the humerus.

coranoid process of the scapula

acromial process of the scapula

greater tubercle of the humerus

lesser tubercle of the humerus

The infraspinatus muscle is included in the __________ muscles.

rotator cuff

lateral rotator

respiratory muscles of the shoulder

medial rotator