Which of the following best represents analogous structures?
A. the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bee
B. the wing of
a bat and the wing of a butterfly
C. the arm of a human and the
leg of a human
B
A recent book by a reputable biologist suggests there is a deep, hot biosphere under the Earth's crust that may have more biomass than all life at the Earth's surface. This would primarily rely on what organisms?
A. thermoacidophilic archaea
B. primitive heat-loving
plants
C. primitive animals
D. viruses
E. fungi living
on the detritus from above
A
All of the following are true regarding systematics EXCEPT that it
A. is the specific study of identification, naming, and
classification of organisms
B. relies on data from the fossil
record, homology, and molecular data
C. is the study of the
diversity of organisms at all levels of organization
D. utilizes
protein, DNA, and RNA comparisons to determine relatedness of individuals.
A
Of those listed, which level of classification is the most specific?
A. Family
B. Phylum
C. Class
D. Domain
E. Kingdom
A
Taxonomy:
A. is the branch of biology dealing with the naming, identification
and classification of organisms.
B. uses a binomial system
developed by Linnaeus
C. uses reproductive isolation as the basis
of definition of a species
D. All of the choices are correct
D
Hair is a character shared by all mammals, but not found in their ancestral lineage. Hair is therefore considered to be a(n)
A. ciade
B. shared ancestral character (trait)
C. shared
derived character (trait)
D. analogous structure
C
Whittaker's classification included Kingdom Monera, which included all prokaryotes. Why is this classification obsolete?
A. This kingdom now includes more organisms, so the name has been
changed.
B. Based on molecular data, Monera has been divided into
two distinct domains. Archaea and Bacteria.
C. Based on fossil
evidence, this group has been divided into three newly kingdoms.
D. The prokaryotes, which were included in this kingdom, are now
included in Protista
B
Which of the following features would be used to construct a phylogenic tree?
A. homologous structures
B. fossil record data
C. DNA-DNA
hybridization
D. amino acid sequences
E. all of the answer
choices are correct
E
Which kingdom is correctly described?
A. Animalia: multicellular and heterotrophic by absorption
B.
Protista: unicellular and heterotrophic only
C. Plantae:
multicellular and photoautotrophic
D. Fungi: multicellular and
heterotrophic by ingestion
C
Phylogenic trees with proportional branch lengths
A. indicate relatedness among organisms
B. indicate the
relative number of nucleotide pair differences between groups
C.
are constructed by comparing DNA sequences of homologous genes and
calibrating this molecular clock with the fossil record
D. all of
the answer choices are correct
E. indicate relatedness
evolutionary time
D
Which of the following statements about taxonomy is NOT true?
A. Biochemical data and the fossil record can be independently to
indicate the length of time since two species diverged from a common
ancestor.
B. Analogous structures are derived from a common
ancestral structure to perform the same function.
C. Homologous
structures are derived from a single structure in the ancestor,
although they mat be adapted to different uses in the descendent
species (e.g. dog's foreleg and a human's arm.)
D. In cladistics,
a common ancestor and all its descendents that share one or more
derived traits are placed in a single clade.
B
If you were using cladistics to construct a phylogenetic tree of birds, what is the best outgroup?
A. bats
B. eagles
C. robins
D. eastern bluebirds
A
The evolution of organisms is the three domains and four kingdoms is most accurately described by which sequence?
A. Protists to Prokaryotes to Fungi, from Fungi separately to Plants
and Animals
B. Prokaryotes to Fungi to Protists to Plants to
Animals
C. Prokaryotes to Protists, separately to Animals and
Plants with Fungi a loss of plant photosynthesis
D. Prokaryotes
to Protists to Plants, from Plants separately to both Animals and
Fungi
E. Prokaryotes to Protists, from Protists separately to
Fungi, Plants, and Animals
E
Which kingdom or supergroup is characterized by organisms that are heterotrophic by ingestion?
A. Protists
B. Plant
C. Fungi
D. Animal
D
A study of echinoderm embryos, such as sea stars, confirms a similar developmental pattern to that of vertebrates. In both, the blastopore becomes the anus. This would be considered
A. convergent evolution
B. behavioral data
C.
synapomorphy
D. analogy
E. homology
E
The northern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix, the southern copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, and the cottonmouth is Agkistrodon piscivorous. Therefore,
A. all are subspecies of Agkistrodon
B. they are all the same
species
C. the copperheads are subspecies and the cottonmouth is
a separate species
D. they are three distinct species
C
Single celled eukaryotic cells belong to which of the following domains?
A. Animalia
B. Plantae
C. Eukarya
D. Fungi
C
Of the three domains in Woese's classification system, which do most biologists recognize?
A. Protista, Fungi, and Eukarya
B. Archae, Bacteria, and
Eukarya
C. Monera, Archae, and Bacteria
D. Fungi, Monera,
and Archae
B
Which of the following lists of features exemplifies the Domain Archaea?
A. Unicellular, varying branched lipids in their cell membrane,
nuclear envelope and contain some introns
B. Multicellular,
varying branched lipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope
and contain some introns
C. Unicellular, varying branched lipids
in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope and contain some
introns
D. Unicellular, unbranched phospholipids in their cell
membrane, no nuclear envelope and contain some introns
C