Which of the following does not describe the ANS?
a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells
Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________.
sympathetic nervous system
Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except ________.
dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera
What differentiates an autonomic reflex from a somatic reflex?
a two-neuron motor pathway
Because many of the same cardiac cells are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers, the influence of the two divisions on the heart is synergistic.
False
The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) normally have a(n) __________ relationship.
antagonistic
Which division of the nervous system has short preganglionic neurons?
sympathetic
The two types of receptors that bind acetylcholine are __________ and __________ receptors.
nicotinic; muscarinic
Beta-blockers ________.
decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Which autonomic neurons release norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter?
sympathetic postganglionic neurons
The craniosacral division is another name for the parasympathetic division.
True
Acetylcholine is the substance released by the axonal endings of the somatic efferent fibers and by the parasympathetic nerve fiber endings.
True
Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the ________.
hypothalamus
All visceral organs receive dual innervation from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS.
False
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS have the same effect on most body organ systems.
False
The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.
parasympathetic division
Norepinephrine-releasing fibers are called cholinergic fibers.
False
Thermoregulatory responses to increased heat are mediated by the sympathetic nervous division.
True
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the ________.
hypothalamus
The autonomic nervous system may cause activation or inhibition, depending on the division that is active and the target that is affected.
True
Which of the following is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
hypothalamus
Which of the following is NOT associated with the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
emergency action
Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________.
NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response
Which of the following is NOT an autonomic nervous system (ANS) effector?
skeletal muscle
For which of the following activities is the parasympathetic nervous system generally responsible?
resting and digesting