Chapter 37: Practice Test Flashcards

The specific relationship between a legume and its mutualistic Rhizobium strain probably depends on

What is the major function of magnesium in plants?

Why does over-watering a plant kill it?

Carnivorous adaptations of plants mainly compensate for soil that has a relatively low content of

Organic molecules make up what percentage of the dry weight of a plant?

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if

What should be added to soil to prevent minerals from leaching away?

You are weeding your garden when you accidentally expose some roots. You notice swellings (root nodules) on the roots. Most likely your plant

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship:

A) suffers from a mineral deficiency

B) is infected with a parasite

Which of the following is not a function of rhizobacteria?

Why is nitrogen fixation such an important process?

What is the major function of sodium in plants?

What are epiphytes?

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes) but no roots. Water and mineral nutrients were most likely obtained by

What soil(s) is(are) the most fertile?

In hydroponic culture, what is the purpose of bubbling air into the solute?

The bulk of a plant's dry weight is derived from

Two groups of tomatoes were grown under laboratory conditions, one with humus added to the soil and one a control without the humus. The leaves of the plants grown without the humus were yellowish (less green) compared with those of the plants grown in humus-enriched soil. The best explanation for this difference is that

Which of the following best describes the general role of micronutrients in plants?

The data of Figure 37.1 indicate that the plant

There are several properties of a soil in which typical plants would grow well. Of the following, which would be the least conducive to plant growth?

Reddish-purple coloring of leaves, especially along the margins of young leaves, is a typical symptom of deficiency of which element?

We would expect the greatest difference in plant health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without, in an environment

A woodlot was sprayed with a fungicide. What would be the most serious effect of such spraying?

You are conducting an experiment on plant growth. You take a plant fresh from the soil that weighs 5 kg. Then, you dry the plant overnight and determine the dry weight to be 1 kg. Of this dry weight, how much would you expect to be made up of organic molecules?

Which of the following is a true statement about nitrogen fixation in root nodules?

Which of the following is not true of micronutrients in plants?

The enzyme complex nitrogenous catalyzes the reaction that reduces atmospheric nitrogen to

For this pair of items, choose the best that describes their relationship:

A) the amount of nitrogen in a fertilizer marked "15-10-15"

B) the amount of nitrogen in a fertilizer marked "15-5-5"

Which of the following best describes the fate of most of the water taken up by a plant?

When performing a mineral nutrition experiment, researchers use water from a glass still. Why is it not a good idea to use regular distilled water from a stainless steel still?

Some of the problems associated with intensive irrigation include all but

Most of the mass of organic material of a plant comes from

A farming commitment that embraces a variety of methods that are conservation-minded, environmentally safe, and profitable is called

The rhizosphere would best be described as

Among important crop plants, nitrogen-fixing nodules are most commonly an attribute of

What is the mutualistic association between roots and fungi called?

Dwarf mistletoe grows on many pine trees in the Rockies. Although the mistletoe is green, it is probably not sufficiently active in photosynthesis to produce all the sugar it needs. The mistletoe also produces haustoria. Thus, dwarf mistletoe growing on pine trees is best defined as

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because

A young farmer purchases some land in a relatively arid area and is interested in earning a reasonable profit for many years. Which of the following strategies would best allow such a goal to be achieved?

Most of the dry weight of a plant is the result of uptake of

For this pair of items, choose the best that describes their relationship:

A) the percent of plant species that form ectomycorrhizae

B) the percent of plant species that form mycorrhizae

What is the major function of nitrogen in plants?

Which of the following is a primary difference between ectomycorrhizae and mycorrhizae?

Mycorrhizae enhance plant nutrition mainly by

Which soil mineral is most likely leached away during a hard rain?

Which of the following elements is incorrectly paired with its function in a plant?

Hyphae form a covering over roots. Altogether, these hyphae create a large surface area that helps do which of the following?

In a root nodule, the gene coding for nitrogenase

Based on the information provided above, what is the most likely cause of the decline in productivity?

Nitrogen fixation is a process that

The best conclusion from the data in Figure 37.1 is that the plant

What is the function of a root nodules leghemoglobin?

Which of the following is of least concern to a researcher in a mineral nutrition experiment?

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship:

A) the amount of molybdenum in a gram of dried plant material

B)the amount of sulfur in a gram of dried plant material

If you wanted to increase the cation exchange and water retention capacity of a loamy soil, what should you do?

The best explanation for the shape of the growth response curve in Figure 37.1 is that

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship:

A) the number of essential macronutrients required by plants

B) he number of essential micronutrients required by plants

Carnivorous plants have evolved mechanisms that trap and digest small animals. The products of this digestion are used to supplement the plant's supply of

The most efficient way to increase the essential amino acids in crop plants for human consumption is to

Which element is important in the formation and stability of cell walls?

Which of the following essential nutrients plays an essential role in the opening and closing of the stomatal aperture?

If you were the country agricultural agent, what would be the best advice you could give the farmer who owns the field under a study in Figure 37.2?

Some plants extract and concentrate heavy metals from the soil. A current use for such plants is

All of the following contributed to the dust bowl in the American southwest during the 1930s except

A growing plant exhibits chlorosis of the leaves of the entire plant. The chlorosis is probably due to a deficiency of which of the following macronutrients?

If a plant is infected with Rhizobium, what is the probably effect on the plant?

Iron deficiency is often indicated by yellowing in newly formed leaves. This suggest that iron

What is meant by the term chlorosis?

The N-P-K percentages on a package of fertilizer refer to the

If an African violet has chlorosis, which of the following elements might be a useful addition to the soil?

In what way do nitrogen compounds differ from other minerals needed by plants?

A soil well suited for the growth of most plants would have all of the following properties except

Which two elements make up more than 90% of the dry weight of plants?

Most crops acquire their nitrogen mainly in the form of

What are the three main elements of which plant growth and development depend?

In the 1640s, Jan Baptista van Helmont planted a small willow in a pot that contained 90.9 kg of soil. After five years, the plant weighed 76.8 kg, but only 0.06 kg of soil had disappeared from the pot. What did van Helmont conclude from this experiment?