Earth Science: ch. 4 Flashcards


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created 9 years ago by Daniela_Maluenga
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Earth Science
Chapter 4
Subjects:
geology, science, earth sciences
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1

Limestone and marble weather faster than granite because___.

Limestone and marble can be dissolved by weak acids in rain.

2

Frost wedging is the major weathering process contribution to the formation of which regolith material?

Talus slopes

3

Which of the following is most resistant to both chemical and physical weathering?

Quartz

4

Which one of the following statements best describes erosion?

The process by which weathered rock and mineral particles are removed from on area and transported elsewhere.

5

Which of the following best describe the E soil horizon?

Leaching zone

6

Which mass wasting process has the slowest rate of movement?

creep

7

Clay minerals formed from gabbros or diorite bedrock illustrate which kind of weathering?

Chemical

8

Given enough time, what factor is typically most important in soil formation?

climate

9

Which soil horizon represents the uppermost limit of the zone of the accumulation also referred to as the subsoil?

B

10

Which term describes a soil formed by weathering of the underlying bedrock?

Residual

11

In the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, north-facing slopes (downhill direction is toward the north) are typically moister and more heavily forested than south- facing slopes. Why?

North-facing slopes receive about the same amount of precipitation as south- facing slopes; less mixture evaporates from north- facing slopes.

12

How does deforestation by fire or human activity contribute to mass wasting?

It kills tree roots that help hold the slopes in place, allowing mass movement.

13

A mass wasting process that involves rotational motion of materials sliding above a distinct slip surface is called ____.

A slump

14

Organisms contribute to souls formation by ____.

stirring the soil to allow air infiltration, contributing organic matter to the soil, degrading organic matter to form humus.