The structural framework of lymphoid tissue is offered by:
reticular connective tissue.
Large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations except the ________.
lower extremities
What is the role of interferon in defense against disease?
protects cells that have not yet been infected by viruses
Which nonspecific defense cells specialize in attacking cancer cells and virus-infected cells?
Natural killer cells
Which statement is true of the thoracic duct?
It drains the lymph from the entire left side of the body and the right abdomen and leg.
Which of the following are the principle lymphoid organs in the body?
Lymph nodes
This tissue lines the trachea.
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
All of the following are examples of autoimmune disorders, except:
sickle-cell anemia.
Which of the following cells is the most critical cell in immunity?
helper T cell
Within the lungs carbon dioxide and oxygen diffuse between the air in the alveoli and the blood.
True
Which of the following controls the respiratory rate?
Medulla
Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________.
efferent lymphatic vessels
Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the thymus are:
T lymphocytes.
Active artificially acquired immunity is a result of:
vaccination.
The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________.
lingual tonsils
This type of disease results from the inability of the immune system to distinguish self- from nonself-antigens.
Autoimmune disease
This structure, attached to the cecum, is in an ideal location to destroy bacteria before it migrates into the large intestine.
Appendix
Cytotoxic T cells ________.
are the only T cells that can directly attack and kill other cells
Which of the following conditions would NOT decrease the total respiratory compliance?
Increase in lung compliance
Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________.
tonsil
tonsil
Which of the following is NOT a function of the conducting zone?
Gas exchange
Where is the site of erythrocyte production in the fetus?
Spleen
Innate immune system defenses include ________.
phagocytosis
Which of the following is not a type of T cell?
antigenic
Which atmospheric gas is the most soluble in liquid?
Carbon dioxide
Internal and external respiration occur in exactly the same regions of the body.
False
Aggregates of lymphoid nodules located in the wall of the ileum are:
Peyer's patches.
Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________.
plasma cells
Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the thymus are:
T lymphocytes.
Most of the carbon dioxide transported by the blood is:
converted to bicarbonate ions and transported in plasma.
Fever ________.
production is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher settin
The transpulmonary pressure is the difference between the ____________ and the __________ pressure.
intrapulmonary; intrapleural
The movement of air into and out of the lungs is called:
pulmonary ventilation
Which respiratory structure has the smallest diameter?
Bronchiole
Which statement below is characteristic of a secondary humoral response?
It occurs much more rapidly than a primary response.
The rate of blood flow to a tissue would increase during times of high metabolic activity.
True
The immune cell that allows for subsequent recognition of an antigen, resulting in a secondary response, is called a(n):
memory cell.
Air moves into the lungs because:
the gas pressure in the lungs becomes lower than the outside pressure as the diaphragm contracts.
A major function of the lymphatic system is:
return of tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system.
Which of the following is a nonspecific barrier defense?
Mucous membranes
All of the following would be caused by breathing excessively high concentrations of oxygen for a long period of time, except:
increased mental function.
In addition to its lymphoid function, this organ holds a reservoir of platelets.
Spleen
Small molecules that bind with self-proteins to produce antigenic substances are called ________.
haptens
A "foreign" molecule which can invoke the immune response is called a(n):
antigen.
Antibody functions include all of the following except ________.
cross-linking cell-bound antigens on red blood cells when blood types are properly matched
The elastic cartilage that shields the opening to the larynx during swallowing is the:
epiglottis.
Which of the following is not a function of the inflammatory response?
replaces injured tissues with connective tissue
Which situation would interfere with external respiration?
All answers are correct
Cells require oxygen for cellular respiration.
True
Which of the following is NOT an innate defense mechanism of the body?
B lymphocytes
B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the ________.
bone marrow
The thymus is most active during ________.
childhood
What lymphatic structures trap bacteria in the posterior oral mucosa?
Palatine tonsils
Helper T cells ________.
function in the adaptive immune system activation
Antibody functions include all of the following except ________.
cross-linking cell-bound antigens on red blood cells when blood types are properly matched