Chapter 15 the special senses Flashcards

The receptors for taste and smell are classified as __________.

A)thermoreceptors

B) proprioceptors

C)mechanoreceptors

D) chemoreceptors

Anosmia, an olfactory disorder is caused by __________.

A)loss of gustatory epithelial cells

B)genetic disorders

C)vagus nerve damage

D)iron deficiency

E)head injuries or the aftereffects of nasal cavity inflammation

The accessory structures of the eye do NOT include __________.

A)eyebrows

B)lacrimal glands

C)cornea

D)conjunctiva

E)eyelids

The conjunctival mucous membrane covers __________.

A) only the outer corneal surface

B)the whole outer surface of the sclera

C)the inner surface of sclera

D) the inner surface of the eyelids only

E) both the inner surface of the eyelids and the visible portion of the sclera

The horizontal movement of the eyeball toward the nose is the function of the __________.

A)inferior rectus

B)lateral rectus

C)superior rectus

D)medial rectus

E)superior rectus

When a person cries, he or she tends to keep on wiping their dripping nose. The nose drips because __________.

A) lacrimal gland secretions wash the eyeball and drain into the lacrimal duct, which empties into the nasal cavity

B)the nasal mucosa is sensitized to produce mucous into the nose

C)olfactory mucosa is sensitized to increase secretions into the nose

D)the eyeball produces tears that drain into the lacrimal canal and then into the nose

E)special secretory glands in the nose start to produce secretions into the nose

Rotational movement of the head is monitored by receptors located in the __________.

A)saccule

B)cochlear duct

C)semicircular canals

D)cortex of the cerebrum

E)utricle

Arrange the tunics of the wall of the eyeball in their correct sequence from inside out.

A)sclera, choroid, retina

B) retina, choroid, sclera

C)choroid, sclera, retina

D)retina, sclera, choroid

E)choroid, retina, sclera

Which sequence follows the correct passage of light entering the cornea?

A)cornea, pupil, anterior segment, posterior segment, lens

B)cornea, lens, anterior segment, posterior segment, lens

C)cornea, anterior segment, pupil, lens, posterior segment

D)cornea, lens, posterior segment, anterior segment, pupil

E)cornea, pupil, posterior segment, lens, anterior segment

The organ of Corti is found in the __________.

A)cochlear duct

B)semicircular canal

C)middle ear

D)saccule

E)utricle

Which of the following types of stimulation results in an increase in the diameter of the pupil?

A) damage to both autonomic nerves

B) sympathetic nerves

C)somatic motor nerves

D)parasympathetic nerves

E)both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves

The near point of vision is the shortest __________.

A) in a person over 50 years old

B)in men

C) in children

D) in women

E)when a person is 30-40 years old

The tiny skeletal muscles associated with the ossicles of the middle ear function to __________.

A) protect the hearing receptors from loud sounds

B)increase the vibration of the ossicles of the ear

C)connect the ossicles to each other

D)increase the vibration of the tympanic membrane

E)connect the ossicles to the oval window

The receptors for sound reception and equilibrium are located in the __________.

A)inner ear cavity

B)middle and inner ear cavities

C) outer, middle, and inner cavities

D)outer ear cavity

E) middle ear cavity

The optic disc on the retina is __________.

A)a dense collection of rod cells

B)the area of greatest visual acuity

C)where the optic nerve leaves the eye

D)the same as the macula lutea

The pharyngotympanic tube __________.

A)helps maintain balance

B)equalizes air pressure between the middle ear and outside air

C)amplifies sound waves

D)carries sound to the eardrum

When focusing on a distant object, the lens is __________.

A)more concave

B)more convex

C)not changed

D)more flattened

Seventy percent of the sensory receptors in the body involved with __________.

A)hearing

B)taste

C)sight

D)smell

Ciliary glands are modified __________.

A)sebaceous glands

B)sweat glands

C)lacrimal glands

D)salivary glands

Pink eye is caused by an infection that produces inflammation of the __________.

A)lacrimal gland

B)cornea

C)tarsal glands

D)conjunctiva

Strabismus is caused by __________.

A)paralysis of the intrinsic muscle of the eye

B)congenital weakness of the extrinsic muscles of the eye

C)alcohol intoxication

D)retinal detachment

Our eyes are best adapted for __________.

A)vision in bright sunlight

B)distant vision

C)color vision

D)close vision

Ninety-nine percent of refractive problems in the eye are related to the __________.

A)length of the eyeball

B)strength of the ciliary muscles

C)curvature of the cornea

D)curvature of the lens

Retinitis pigmentosa is a disease of the __________.

A)cones
B)ciliary muscles
C)rods
D)lens

__________ are one of the few types of neurons that can replace themselves in adult life.

A)Cones

B)Rods

C)Olfactory receptors

D)Taste buds

The bleaching of the pigment refers to the __________.

A)presence of different types of opsin found in cones

B)oxidation of vitamin A

C)process of breaking down the retinal-opsin combinations that form the rhodopsin found in the rods and cones

D)regeneration of cones at the end of the day

Which of the following adaptations does NOT take place when one moves from a well-lit room to a dark room?

A)Cones stop functioning.

IB)nitially, the rods are turned off.

C)Rhodopsin accumulates.

D)The retina becomes less sensitive.

Which of the following would NOT be found in the outer ear?

A)hair

B)modified sweat glands

C)sebaceous glands

D)pharyngotympanic tube

As a rule, the only special sense not fully functional at birth is __________.

A)taste

B)hearing

C)vision

D)smell

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved with hearing in the inner ear?

A)dopamine

B)acetylcholine

C)norepinephrine

D)glutamate