Glands: Adrenal GLANDS
Produced by #1 Adrenal Cortex
Hormone: 3
Glucocorticoids (cortisol,corticosterone)[HORMONAL]
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: ATCH
TARGET ORGAN: Liver, muscle
EFFECTS: Break down glucose and make glucose
Androgens (testosterone)[HORMONAL]
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: ACTH
TARGET ORGAN: BONE, MUSCLE
EFFECTS: ^ increase muscle mass, ^ bone density
Mineralcorticoid (aldosterone)[HUMORAL]-
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE:LOW Na+, High K+, low BP
TARGET ORGAN: Kidneys
EFFECTS: Retain Na+, H2O, Excrete K+
3 ABOVE All steroids and Lipid soluable
Produced by #2 Adrenal Medulla
Hormone: 2
Epinephrine
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Stimulated during sympathetic activation by sympathetic preganglion fiber. Release of ACH Acetylocholine
TARGET ORGANS: Most cells
EFFECTS: Enhance the effects of sympathetic division of ANS during stress, BP, glycogen breakdown, blood glucose levels
Norepinephrine:
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Same as Epinephrine
TARGET ORGAN:Same as Epinephrine
EFFECTS:Same as Epinephrine
2 ABOVE: AMINES,WATER SOLUABLE, AND NEURAL
Adrenal Glands has two type?
Adrenal cortex and Adrenal medulla
What are the hormones of the Adrenal Cortex?
Chemical type?
Solubility?
And trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organs?
Hormone: 3
Glucocorticoids (cortisol,corticosterone)[HORMONAL]
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: ACTH
TARGET ORGAN: Liver, muscle
EFFECTS: Break down glucose and make glucose
Androgens (testosterone)[HORMONAL]
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: ACTH
TARGET ORGAN: BONE, MUSCLE
EFFECTS: ^ increase muscle mass, ^ bone density
Mineralcorticoid (aldosterone)[HUMORAL]-
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE:LOW Na+, High K+, low BP
TARGET ORGAN: Kidneys
EFFECTS: Retain Na+, H2O, Excrete K+
3 ABOVE All steroids and Lipid soluable
What are the hormones of the Adrenal Medulla?
Chemical type?
Solubility?
And trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organs?
Epinephrine
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Stimulated during sympathetic activation by sympathetic preganglion fiber. Release of ACH Acetylocholine
TARGET ORGANS: Most cells
EFFECTS: Enhance the effects of sympathetic division of ANS during stress, BP, glycogen breakdown, blood glucose levels
Norepinephrine:
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Same as Epinephrine
TARGET ORGAN:Same as Epinephrine
EFFECTS:Same as Epinephrine
2 ABOVE: AMINES,WATER SOLUABLE, AND NEURAL
Gland: Angiotensin ll
Hormone?
Chemical type?
Solubility?
Effects?
Hormone: Prohormone
CHEMICAL TYPE: PEPTIDE
SOLUBILITY: Water Soluable
Study Later
EFFECTS: BP
Gland: Hypothalamus
Hormone?
Chmical type?
Solubility?
Trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organ?
Effects?
Hormone? TRH
Chmical type? Peptide
Solubility? Water Soluable
Trigger type? Hormonal
Trigger for release? Low T3 & T4
Target organ? Pituitary
Effects? ^ increase TSH release and anterior pituitary
What kind of Solubility in 4 of the hormones are in the Adrenal Cortex?
And chemical type in all four?
Lipid soluable and steroids
In the Adrenal glands produced by the Adrenal Medulla are?
Amines , Water soluable and Neural
Tigger for release ? Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Target Organs?
Effects?
Stimulated during sympathetic activation by the sympathetic preganglion fiber, Release of acetycholine (ACH)
Target organs? Most cells
EFFECTS: Enhance the effects of sympathetic division of ANS during stress, BP, glycogen breakdown, blood glucose levels
Organ: Pancreas
Hormone?
Chmical type?
Solubility?
Trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organ?
Effects?
Hormone 2, Insulin and Glucagon
For Insulin and Glucagon
Both Peptide, water soluable and are Humural
Insulin
Trigger for release? ^ High Blood glucose
Target organ? Most cells
Effects? Stimulates cellular uptake of glucose & formation of glycogen and fat
Glucagon
Trigger for release? Low Blood glucose
Effects? Stimulates ccellular hydrolysis of glycogen.
What are the hormones in the Pancreas?
Insulin and Glucagon
Insulin and Glucagon are?
both Peptides, Humural and Water soluable
Gland: Pituitary
Produced by?
Hormone?
Chmical type?
Solubility?
Trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organ?
Effects?
Produced by Anterior Lobe and Posterior Lobe
Both Posterior Lobe and Anterior Lobe :
are PEPTIDES, WATER SOLUABLE, AND HORMONAL
HORMONE: Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE:GnRH
TARGET ORGANS: Gonands
EFFECTS:
Females: Initiates development of oocytes & induces ovarian secretion of estrogen.
Males: Stimulates testes to produce sperm
HORMONE: Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: GnRH
TARGET ORGANS: Gonands
EFFECTS:
Females: Stimulates secretion of estrogens and progesterone. Ovulation and Formation of corputus luteus.
Males: Stimulates testes to produce testosterone.
HORMONE: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: CRM comes from hypothalamus
TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Cortex
EFFECTS: Stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids by adrenal cortex.
HORMONE: Thyroid stimulating hormone
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Thyroid releasing hormone
TARGET ORGANS: Thyroid gland
EFFECTS: Stimulates syntheis and secretion of thyroid hormones of thyroid gland.
HORMONE: Growth Hormone (GH)
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Hypothalamus
TARGET ORGANS: Liver and whole body
EFFECTS:Stimulates liver, muscle, cartilage, and other tissues to synthesize and secrete insulin- like growth factors, promote growth of body cells protein syntheis, tissue repair, lipolysis, and elevation of blood glucose.
HORMONE: Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: Melanocyte hormone
TARGET ORGANS: Skin
EFFECTS: can cause darkening of skin
HORMONE: Prolactin (PRL)
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE:Pituitary prolactin
TARGET ORGANS: Mammary glands
EFFECTS: Milk secretion
Produced by: Posterior Lobe ( hormones : Oxytocin and Antidiuretic)
HORMONE: Oxytocin
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE:Contractions from uterus, suckling of infant. Males: prostate glands
TARGET ORGANS:
Women: uterus, mammary glands, smooth muscle
Men: Prostate
EFFECTS: Stimulates contraction of smooth muscle of uterous during childbirth, and contract epithelial cells in mammary glands to cause milk ejection.
HORMONE:Antidiuretic/ Vasopressin
TRIGGER FOR RELEASE: ADH triggered by low plasma water levels
TARGET ORGANS: KIDNEYS, srterioles, sweat glands
EFFECTS:CONSERVES BODY WATER BY DECREASING URINE VOLUME, DECREASE WATER LOSS THROUGH PERPIRATION, RAISES BLOOD PRESSURE BY CONSTRICTING arterioles.
Gland: Pineal Gland
Hormone?
Chmical type?
Solubility?
Trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organ?
Effects?
Hormone? Melatonin
Chmical type? Amines
Solubility? Water soluable
Trigger type? Neural
Trigger for release? Roof of 3rd ventricle
Target organ? Thalamus
Effects? Wake up pattern
Glands? Parathyroid gland
Hormone?
Chmical type?
Solubility?
Trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organ?
Effects?
Hormone? parathyroid hormone
Chmical type? Peptide
Solubility? Water soluable
Trigger type? Humoral
Trigger for release? Top thyroid
Target organ? Kidneys
Effects? maintain blood calcium levels
Gland? Thymus Gland
Hormone? Thymosins
Chmical type? Peptide
Solubility? Water soluable
Trigger type? Humoral
Trigger for release? Mediastinum
Target organ? t- cells
Effect? Coordinate & regulate immune response/ promote maturation of T- lymphocytes.
Gland? Thyroid Gland
Hormone?
Chmical type?
Solubility?
Trigger type?
Trigger for release?
Target organ?
Effects?
Hormone? (3) Triiodothyronine T3.
Thyroxine T4 and
Calcitonin
Hormone: Triiodothyronine T3
Chemical type? Thyroid hormone
Solubility? Lipid soluable
Trigger type? Hormonal
Trigger for release? all thyroid gland
Target organ? kidney and liver
Effects? ^ increase BMR
Hormone? Thyroxine T4
Chmical type? Thyroid hormone
Solubility? lipid soluable
Trigger type? Hormonal
Trigger for release? thyroid gland
Target organ? kidney and liver
Effects? ^ increase BM
Hormone? Calcitonin
Chmical type? peptide
Solubility? water soluable
Trigger type? HUMORAL
Trigger for release? Thyroid gland
Target organ? Bone and Kidney
Effects? Lowers levels of calcium and phosphorus by inhibiting bone resorption.
All steroids are? Solubility?
Lipid soluable
All Amines are? Solubility?
water soluable
All peptides are? Solubility?
water soluable
All thyroid hormones are ? Solubility
Lipid soluable
All thyroid hormones are? Trigger type
Hormonal- Tigger type
In all of the hormones of the Thyroid gland the trigger for release is?
Thyroid glands
In the thyroid gland 2 of the three hormones have what in common?
Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine
Target organs: Liver and kidneys
The effects: Increase BMR
In the hormone Calcitonin the target organs are?
Bone and Kidneys
What is the effect of Calcitonin?
Lowers levels of calcium & phosphorus by inhibiting bone reporption.
All glands in the Adrenal cortex and two hormones in the thyrold gland ( T3 and T4) are what type of solubility?
Lipid Soluable