A(n) ___ within a chromosome changes the amount of DNA in that chromosome.
translocation
inversion
deletion
point mutation
Answer: C
A ___ inversion is a rearrangement of DNA that involves the centromere.
translocated
pericentric
submetacentric
paracentric
Answer: B
_________ results in multiple complete chromosome sets.
Tandem duplication
Nondisjunction
Aneuploidy
Polyploidy
Answer: D
A mutation event occurs in which two different (nonhomologous) chromosomes end up with a small piece of the other. This mutation is a(n)
paracentric inversion.
intrachromosomal translocation.
intrachromosomal duplication.
interchromosomal translocation.
Answer: D
Chromosomal mutations in prokaryotes or eukaryotes may occur
as the result of exposure to chemicals. Therefore, all the choices listed are correct.
as the result of exposure to radiation.
spontaneously
All of the choices listed are correct.
Answer: D
Dicentric or acentric chromosomes may arise as a result of
translocation.
paracentric inversion.
duplication.
deletion.
Answer: B
For which type of chromosomal mutation would it be impossible to revert to wild type?
deletion
translocation
duplication
inversion
Answer: A
During cell division, a dicentric chromosome typically experiences _______ while an acentric chromosome is ________________.
duplication; unaffected
inversion; unaffected
breakage; reintegrated
breakage; lost
Answer: D
Humans have ___ complete set(s) of ___ chromosomes.
one; 23
two; 23
one; 46
two; 46
Answer: B
Which of the following human disorders is NOT caused by aneuploidy?
Down syndrome
Cri-du-chat syndrome
Edwards syndrome
Patau syndrome
Answer: B
In pseudodominance, the dominant allele of a gene is ______, and the recessive allele is _________.
deleted; expressed
expressed; masked
expressed; deleted
deleted; masked
Answer: A
Monoploidy is rarely seen in adults of normally diploid organisms because
meiosis is affected.
mitosis is affected.
recessive alleles are uncovered.
recessive lethal mutations are uncovered.
Answer: D
Prader-Willi syndrome is associated with a deletion of part of which chromosome?
1
5
15
21
Answer: C
The sons of a woman with one fragile X chromosome have a ___ chance of inheriting the mutation.
0%
25%
50%
100%
Answer: C
The order of genes on a particular DNA segment is A-B-C-D-E . After a chromosomal mutation, the order is A-D-C-B-E . This mutation is a(n)
translocation.
duplication.
inversion.
deletion.
Answer: C
The phenotypic effects of fragile X syndrome are exhibited primarily in
males.
females.
approximately equal numbers of males and females.
XXY females.
Answer: A
The Philadelphia chromosome observed in people with chronic myelogenous leukemia results from which chromosomal mutation?
terminal tandem duplication
reciprocal translocation
pericentric inversion
deletion
Answer: B
The sequence of genes on a particular region of the chromosome is A-B-C-D-E . After a chromosomal mutation, the sequence is A-B-C-C-B-D-E . This is a(n) ___ mutation.
reverse tandem duplication
intrachromosomal translocation
paracentric inversion
None of the choices listed is correct.
Answer: A
Polyploidy is more commonly found in plants than in other normally diploid organisms. What are possible reasons?
Plants can self-fertilize.
Many plants are naturally polyploid.
Plants can be propagated vegetatively.
All of the reasons listed may contribute to the natural phenomenon of polyploidy in plants.
Answer: D
Which of the following types of aneuploidy would be LEAST likely to cause problems in meiosis?
monosomy
trisomy
tetrasomy
All of the choices listed are equally likely to cause problems in meiosis.
Answer: C
In polytene chromosomes from Drosophila, genes are found in the
chromocenter.
bands.
interbands.
bands and interbands.
Answer: D
Individuals with Down syndrome have ___ of chromosome 21.
one copy
two copies
three copies
no copies
Answer: C
Polyploidy is rare in mammals, but is commonly found in
birds and reptiles.
algae and birds.
amphibians and plants.
insects and fungi.
Answer: C
Chimpanzees and gorillas have a chromosomal complement of 2N = 48, whereas humans have 2N = 46. Genetic analysis has revealed that two chromosomes in the apes chromosomes show homology with human chromosome 2. This is a good example of ________ in evolution.
Robertsonian fusion
duplication
inversion
All of the choices listed are correct.
Answer: A
A meiotically or mitotically heritable change in gene expression that does not involved a change in the DNA sequence of the affected gene(s) is referred to as
cytogenetics.
epigenetics.
euploidy.
pseudodominance.
Answer: B