Microbiology: microbiology, Principles and Explorations Flashcards

1. The beauty of specific immunity is the production of ___ that provides long lasting protection:

1. Helper T cells:

1. Which lymphocytes lack specificity for antigen and are cells that attack cancer cells and virus-infected cells:

1. Which process involves antibodies coating microorganisms in order to facilitate phagocytosis:

1. The region of each antibody molecule where amino acid composition is highly varied from one clone of B lymphocytes to another is the:

1. Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity:

1. The secondary response to an antigen is faster and bigger than the primary response:

1. What type of cells secrete antibodies:

1. Protective features of the skin include all but:

1. An example of natural active immunity would be:

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a/an:

An example of artificial active immunity would be:

Superantigens are:

The progeny cells of a B cell clone are called:

Each of the following can result in acquired immune dificiencies except

An example of artificial passive immunity would be Giving a person

1. Plasma cells

1. After secreting antibodies during an immune response, plasma cells then differentiate into memory cells.

1. Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Each of the following are physical barriers to pathogens except

Which type of white blood cells are particularly attracted to sites of parasitic worm infections?

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are

1. Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell, in order to communicate with other cells that need to produce antiviral proteins?

1. The initial, brief period of early, general symptoms such as fatigue and muscle aches is the

1. Which is mismatched?

An infectious agent that originates from outside the body is called

Nonspecific chemical defenses include

Which is not terminology used for resident biota?

Infection occurs when

What structures are found along lymphatic vessels are are heavily clustered in the armpit, groin and neck?

The chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes bacterial cell walls is

A symptom is a

Which of the following is not an anti-phagocytic factor?

Which of the following is an example of a sequelae?

The most numerous WBC’s, that have multi-lobed nuclei and are very phagocytic are

Each of the following are granulocytes except

Components of the first line of defense include all of the following except

1. Local edema, swollen lymph nodes, fever, soreness and abscesses are indications of

1. The human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

Which of the following lymphoid organs or tissues has the immunological function of filtering pathogens from the blood?

Pathogenic microbes that cause disease in healthy people are called

Which gland shrinks in size during adulthood and has horomones that function in the maturation of T-lymphocytes?

Which of the following is not a normal portal of exit of an infectious disease?

Once a microbe has entered a host, what process performed by certain white blood cells will attempt to destroy the microbes?

Which is mismatched?

A ___ is the presence of small numbers of bacteria in the blood.

Microbial hyaluronidase, coagulase and streptokinase are examples of

Which of the following is mismatched when dealing with inflammation?

Resident biota are found in/on the

1. The four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation include all of the following except

1. The minimum amount of microbes that a person can be exposed to that will lead to infection is the:

1. An endotoxin is

1. Opportunistic pathogens

A person gets a fungal pathogen that infects the brain on their hands. The salt on the hands prevents the fungus from growing and there is no cut for the fungus to get through to access the blood supply, so the person doesn’t get sick. These are examples of which of the following defenses?

Innate immunity ______ and acquired immunity ____:

is

1. A child gets strep throat and takes antibiotics to eliminate the infection. The antibiotics kill of some of her E. coli in her gut allowing the C. difficile bacteria in her gut to overgrow. Due to the overgrowth of the C. difficile she gets severe stomach cramps. The term that best describes the scenario is

1. A little girl gets chicken pox after breathing in the virus. This leads to open sores that ooze the virus all over the little girl’s skin. Her brother comes into conctact with some of the fluid from her sores and ends up getting chicken pox too. What is the portal of entery and exit for the virus, with respect to the little girl?

What do the cell-mediated and humoral immune systems have in common?

What is herd immunity?

What is the trigger that intiates an acquired immune system response?