The central nervous system is lacking in animals that have
radial symmetry
Cephalization, the clustering of neurons and interneurons in the anterior part of the animal, is apparent in
Planaria
Choose the correct match of glial cell type and function.
astrocytes–metabolize neurotransmitters and modulate synaptic effectiveness
The cerebrospinal fluid is
a filtrate of the blood
The blood-brain barrier
is formed by tight junctions
Myelinated neurons are especially abundant in
the white matter in the brain and the white matter in the spinal cord.
Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as all of the following except
formed from layers of connective tissue.
The divisions of the nervous system that have antagonistic, or opposing, actions are the
sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system.
sympathetic
Exercise and emergency reactions include
increased activity in the sympathetic division and decreased activity in the parasympathetic division
The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with
resting and digesting
Afferent neuronal systems include the
sensory systems
Imagine you are resting comfortably on a sofa after dinner. This could be described as a state with
decreased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and increased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems
The system that modulates excitation and inhibition of the smooth and cardiac muscles of the digestive, cardiovascular, and excretory systems is the
autonomic nervous system
The 11 pairs of appendages projecting from the rostral area of star-nosed moles are
tactile structures
Central coordination of vertebrate biological rhythms in physiology and behavior resides in the
hypothalamus
The endogenous nature of biological rhythms is based on the observation that animals isolated from light and dark cues
continue to have cycles of approximately 24 hours in duration–some more rapid, some slower.
The bottlenose dolphin breathes air but can sleep in the ocean because it
alternates which half of its brain is asleep and which half is awake
The telencephalon region of the developing brain of a mammal
gives rise to the cerebrum
Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the
medulla oblongata
The unconscious control of respiration and circulation is associated with the
medulla oblongata
Which of the following structures are correctly paired?
hindbrain and cerebellum
Hormones that are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are made in the
hypothalumus
The coordination of groups of skeletal muscles is driven by activity in the
cerebellum
The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the
hypothalamus
The regulatory centers for the respiratory and circulatory systems are found in the
medulla oblongata
Food and water appetites are under the regulatory influence of the
hypothalamus
The suprachiasmatic nuclei are found in the
hypothalamus
Calculation, contemplation, and cognition are human activities associated with increased activity in the
cerebrum
An organism that lacks integration centers
will not be able to interpret stimuli.
In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have
a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei.
Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect
speech
Which of the following shows a brain structure correctly paired with one of its primary functions?
frontal lobe–decision making
If you were writing an essay, the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task is
the temporal and frontal lobes.
Wernicke's area
is active when speech is heard and comprehended.