Radiographic Pathology Chapter 1 Flashcards

A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is this type of process.

a. idiopathic

b. iatrogenic

c. neoplasia

d. community acquired

Basic reactions of the body to some form of injury is a:

a. disease process

b. pathology

c. study of diseases

d. idiopathic process

What term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown?

a. idiopathic

b. antietiologic

c. iatrogenic

d. nosocomial

Alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells is called:

a. hyperplasia

b. dysplasia

c. neoplasia

d. aplasia

The initial response of body tissues to local injury is:

a. infection

b. ischemia

c. edema

d. inflammation

Heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by:

a. hyperemia

b. scar tissue

c. hyperplasia

d. infarction

In an injury, the destroyed tissue is replaced with:

a. granulomatous inflammation

b. granulation tissue

c. phagocytes

d. pyogens

Of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is:

a. edema

b. tumor

c. calor

d. dolor

Some bacterial organisms that produce these substances that cause damage to the tissue and incite the inflammatory process are known as:

a. toxoids

b. pyogens

c. toxins

d. abscesses

In acute inflammation, the localized head and redness are a result of the:

a. migration of circulating white blood cells

b. increased blood flow and vascular permeability

c. regeneration of normal parenchymal cells

d. enzymatic digestion of dead cells

In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called:

a. bacteria

b. pus

c. edema

d. a scar

All pyogens have the ability to enter the blood circulation causing:

a. bacteremia

b. phagocytosis

c. septicemia

d. keloid tissue

Connective tissue fibers replacing dead tissue, then contracting in the abdomen are known as:

a. keloids

b. suppurative inflammation

c. fibrous adhesions

d. hyperemia

An accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue throughout the body is called:

a. bacteremia

b. elephantiasis

c. filariasis

d. anasarca

Localized _____ is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid accumulation.

a. filariasis

b. edema

c. elephantiasis

d. fibrous adhesions

An inflammation associated with pus formation is:

a. bacteremia

b. phagocytosis

c. suppurative

d. hyperemia

The protein-rich fluid associated with swelling in an inflammatory process is:

a. exudate

b. transudate

c. pus

d. permeable

The low-protein fluid associated with the inflammatory process as seen in pulmonary edema is called:

a. an abscess

b. exudate

c. transudate

d. filariasis

A localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by vascular occlusion is a(n):

a. gangrene

b. infarct

c. purpura

d.ecchymosis

Depriving tissue of oxygen and nutrients caused by an arterial vessel narrowing is referred to as:

a. ischemia

b. petechiae

c. filariasis

d. gangrene

The progression of a loss of oxygen and nutrients resulting in tissue necrosis especially in the diabetic's foot is called:

a. infarction

b. gangrene

c. ischemia

d. hemorrhage

A subcutaneous hematoma greater than 1 to 2 cm is called a(n):

a. purpura

b. ecchymosis

c. petechia

d. infarct

An accumulation of blood trapped within the body tissues is known as a (an):

a. hematoma

b. ecchymosis

c. petechia

d. pleural effusion

Bleeding into mucous membranes or serial surfaces is referred to as:

a. petechiae

b. hemorrhage

c. purpura

d. ecchymosis

When a reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ occurs, this results in:

a. aplasia

b. atrophy

c. hypoplasia

d. dysplasia

When cells fail to develop and as a result the organ is small, the organ is considered:

a. hypoplastic

b. dysplastic

c. hyperplastic

d. anaplastic

When increased function of an organ is required, the term _____ is used.

a. neoplastic

b. hypotrphy

c. hyperplasia

d. hypertrophy

The proliferation of granulation tissue to repair an injury is an example of:

a. hypertrophy

b. anaplasia

c. hyperplasia

d. dysplasia

The Latin word for "new growth" is:

a. tumor

b. seeding

c. neoplasia

d. ecchymosis

New growths that invade and destroy adjacent structures and have the ability to spread are considered:

a. neoplastic

b. benign

c. cachexia

d. malignant

A polyp is a:

a. projecting mass from an inner mucous membrane

b. malignant epithelia neoplasm

c. benign cartilaginous tumor

d. cancer

A malignancy of glandular tissue, such as breast or liver, is referred to as a(n):

a. adenoma

b. adenocarcinoma

c. cystadenoma

d. dysplasia

The term derived from the Latin term for "crab" is:

a. benign

b. oncology

c. neoplasia

d. cancer

The study of neoplasms or tumors is called:

a. pathology

b. radiology

c. oncology

d. etiology

Tumors closely resembling their cells of origin in structure and function are called:

a. malignant

b. benign

c. cancerous

d. dysplasia

When tumor cells flourish, causing the patient to become weak and emaciated, this condition is referred to as:

a. cachexia

b. petechiae

c. anorexia

d. anaplastic

Benign epithelia neoplasms that grow in a glad like pattern are:

a. cystadenomas

b. adenocarcinomas

c. adenomas

d. fibromas

Tumors that contain muscle cells are called:

a. myelomas

b. myomas

c. papilloma

d. hypertropic

Tumor cells of stratified squamous epithelium, which invade and destroy adjacent structures, make up

a. adenomas

b. sarcomas

c. cystadenomas

d. squamous cell carcinomas

If a neoplastic grown proliferation without form, it is considered:

a. anaplastic

b. dysplastic

c. aplastic

d. hyperplastic

Diffuse spread of malignant neoplasms by invasion into a natural body cavity is called:

a. tumor grading

b. staging

c. seeding

d. lymphatic spread

The major metastatic route of carcinomas is:

a. lymphatic spread

b. undifferentiated spread

c. hematopoietic spread

d. hematogenous spread

To determine the most appropriate therapy, the disease process muse be:

a. seeded

b. staged

c. graded

d. phased

Using a combination of cytotoxis substances to kill neoplastic cells is called:

a. radiation therapy

b. chemotherapy

c. hormonal therapy

d. seeding

Assessing the aggressiveness or degree of malignancy is referred to as:

a. staging

b. grading

c. seeding

d. metastatic

The most common hereditary abnormality is:

a. chromosomal aberration

b. enzyme deficiency

c. glycogen and lipid storage disease

d. sex-linked disorders

Exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses may result in alteration in the DNA called:

a. mutations

b. reduced penetrance

c. variable expressivity

d. aberrations

A gene always producing an effect regardless of whether the person is homozygous or heterozygous is named a (an) _____ gene.

a. recessive

b. dominant

c. autosomal recessive

d. autosomal dominant

When a vaccine or toxoid is used to counteract an antigen, it is considered:

a. passive immunity

b. active immunity

c. community-acquired immunity

d. iatrogenic

The body has the ability to combat antigens by forming _____ in the lymphoid tissue.

a. antibodies

b. toxins

c. immunoglobulins

d. A and C