Chapter 4 MASTERING A&P HOMEWORK Flashcards

^{Which tissue is correctly paired with its primary cell type?}

^{The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________. ANSWER}

^{What are the three main components of connective tissue?}

^{What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?}

What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?

Single row of elongated cells, but some cells don’t reach the free surface

Commonly possesses cilia that move dust and mucus out of the respiratory airways

Lines kidney tubules and ducts of salivary glands

Provides lining of urethra of males and parts of
pharynx

Forms lining of oral cavity, anal canal, and vagina

Forms walls of capillaries and air sacs of lungs

Consists of several layers of cube-shaped, elongated, and irregular cells, allowing an expandable lining

is found in soft tissues and does not provide
primary support.

Which of the following tissues lines the majority if the digestive tract?

A type of connective tissue that provides primary
support and protection for body structures is ____________.

provides contrast to the specimen. Increased contrast
allows for a more precise microscopic study of the sample.

Cells Found in Connective Tissues

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
TRANSITIONAL
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS

You observe a muscle that has intercalated discs, and contracts under involuntary conditions. What type of muscle must
this be?

The proximal tubule of the nephron (kidney tubule) in the kidney is composed of which type of epithelium?

The wall of the alveolus (air sac) in the lung is
composed of which type of epithelium?

You observe a multicellular gland with branched ducts
and saclike secretory areas. What type of gland would this most
likely be?

Why are histological sections underline stained?

Select the correct statement regarding the stem cells of
connective tissue.

The epithelium of the esophagus is composed of which
type of epithelial tissue?

is classified based upon how many layers of cells are present, and upon the shape of the cells comprising those layers. The number of cell layers and the cells comprising the layers relate to the function of the

Which part of the neuron (a specialized nerve cell)
receives signals from other cells and is also the main metabolic
region of the neuron?

Which of the three muscle cell types has multiple nuclei?

Which of the following is a single-celled layer of
epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes?

Which of the following statements concerning artifacts
is true?

Which muscle cell type has visible striations but is
not under voluntary control?

An infection may occur in a tissue injury. Why?

A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and
flat cells at its surface would be classified as

is a mechanism for the import of materials by certain
cell types. Image A illustrates the export (secretion) of cell
products by the glandular epithelial cells.

Phagocytosis is a form of exocytosis.

secretion involves the release of materials from
intracellular secretory vesicles into the duct by exocytosis.

Which of the following epithelial tissue types is best
adapted for the rapid transport of materials across its membranes?

epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells,
but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane.

Which of the following apical epithelial cell
structures functions in the movement of materials across the
surface of the cell?

After open heart surgery, the heart's pumping efficiency may be
reduced because

is a water-soluble, complex glycoprotein that is
secreted by goblet cells.

WHAT is observed in the apical, not basal, layer of cells.

are regenerated by division in the basal layer and migrate toward the
apical surface to replace cells lost by fragmentation. Cell division
is indicated by the mitotic phase cells located in the deepest (basal)
layer of the glandular epithelium.

of the kidneys are designed for absorption and secretion.

Pseudostratified
columnar epithelium ciliated variety

Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair.

is an innervated, avascular tissue that exhibits polarity. Epithelial tissue is also highly regenerative.

Which of the following statements about collagen is true?

are found in areas subject to wear and tear.

derived from mesenchyme
moves blood through the body
moves food through the GI tract
Has a surface to which nothing is attached

of skin is designed for protection, not absorption from
the external environment.

is derived from the ectoderm.
is derived from the mesoderm.

Heart muscle cells would tend to separate without

Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue?

forms muscle and connective tissue. Ectoderm forms nervous tissue. Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm all contribute to formation of epithelia.

The correct order of events in tissue repair, from first to last, is

How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage?

is produced by goblet cells, which are unicellular glands and lack ducts.

produce secretions such as saliva, sweat, digestive enzymes, and so on.

All arise from an embryonic tissue called mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme has a fluid ground substance containing fine sparse
fibers and star-shaped mesenchymal cells. It arises during the
early weeks of embryonic development and eventually differentiates
(specializes) into all other connective tissue cells. However,
some mesenchymal cells remain and provide a source of new cells in
mature connective tissues.

is a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity (epithe = laid on, covering). In addition to coverings and linings, epithelial cells can also form glands, called glandular epithelium.

regulates and controls body functions.

All connective tissues arise from an embryonic tissue called mesenchyme.

are not included in this view of areolar tissue, a type of connective tissue proper.

are found in areas involved in filtration.

are designed for filtration and exchange

are found in areas that stretch, in particular the ureters and urinary bladder. Simple cuboidal epithelia are designed for absorption and secretion (not
stretching). is found in the urinary system. It lines the ureters, bladder and proximal part of the urethra-organs that are subjected to distention or stretching as urine passes through or fills them.

Connective tissue matrix is composed of

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as

would not normally be expected to be found within the ECM of connective tissues

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function form

Which tissue type is responsible for regulating and controlling body functions?

Which statement best describes connective tissue?

Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ______ connective tissue.

Which is true concerning muscle tissue?

with unbranched ducts are "simple"; those with branched ducts are "compound". Unicellular exocrine glands do not have ducts.

which produces and secretes inflammation-triggering chemicals such as histamine. Note the secretory granules within the pictured cell.

secrete substances onto body surfaces or into body cavities.

Which of the following describes a holocrine gland?

Which type of gland produces hormones?

Arteries, veins, and lymphatics keep clots from sticking as long as their ________ is intact and healthy.

Without macrophages, wound healing is delayed. Why?

Which of the following is true about epithelia?

Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue?

is a role of some connective tissues, namely adipose tissue.

Loose connective tissues
Dense connective tissues
Support tissue
Blood and blood forming tissue

the movement of substances into the body, is a role of epithelial tissue. Roles of connective tissue include: binding and support, protection, insulation, and transportation of substances, via blood, within the body.

Which of the following is not a step in tissue repair?

Mucous cells are

Cell type not found in areolar connective tissue.

Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?

The first step in tissue repair involves

The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ________.

Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.

Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is found in bone?

which is defined by the presence of an apical surface and a basal surface that differ in both structure and function.

A is a cord of connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones.

is a protein typically found in epithelial tissues, notably the cornified layers of the epidermis. Keratin would therefore not be found in significant quantities in the ECM of connective tissues.

The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is

Edema occurs when

Choose the answer that shows the correct order for the standard preparation of a histological specimen.

are anchoring junctions-mechanical couplings scattered like rivets along the sides of abutting cells to prevent their separation. They bind epithelial cells together, but they don't increase their surface area.

The is a non-cellular, adhesive sheet between the epithelium above and
connective tissue below. It acts as a (1) selective filter that determines which molecules diffusing from the underlying connective tissue are allowed to enter the epithelium, and (2) scaffolding along which epithelial cells can migrate to repair a wound. It does not increase the surface area of the epithelium.

are small finger-like projections that greatly increase the surface area of epithelial cells (thus epithelial tissues), an important attribute of tissues that have a role in absorption and secretion.

The blast cell for blood production is the

In adult humans, most cancers are carcinomas or adenocarcinomas. These include cancers of the skin, lung, colon, breast, and prostate. Which of the four basic tissue types is involved, and why?

The simple columnar epithelium that form absorptive cells of the digestive tract have which characteristic?

The is your skin, an organ consisting of a keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium (epidermis) firmly attached to a thick layer of connective tissue (dermis). Unlike other epithelial membranes, the cutaneous membrane is exposed to the air and is a dry membrane.

Mucous that protects your stomach lining is secreted by which type of epithelial cell?

Which tissues have little to no functional regenerative capacity?

Most (except cartilage) contain blood vessels. A capillary is observed in the
figure of areolar connective tissue.

is caused by the addition of calcium salts to a tissue. This makes the extracellular matrix very hard and rigid.

Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.

requires the regeneration of new cells to replace the damaged ones

is normally avascular, so nutrients required for healing must diffuse from distant blood vessels, which delays the healing process.

The basement membrane is located between which of the following tissue types?

Which of the following is NOT a function of areolar connective tissue?

Epithelial cells have all of the following properties EXCEPT

The stroma of most lymphoid organs is composed of _________.

Polarity is a property of all normal epithelial tissues.

What type of tissue forms tendons?

Epithelial tissues are innervated and usually vascularized.

Which of the following types of epithelial tissue provides the greatest amount of protection from rubbing, wear, and tear?

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissues?

A is a cord of connective tissue that attaches bones to each other.

Which of the following sets the stage for tissue repair?

Connective tissue that contains a large amount of elastic fiber is known as, is almost identical to cartilage, and can have underline; many forms.

A flat sheathlike tendon that connects muscle to bone is known as __________.

Which of the following are functional characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Nervous tissue develops solely from embryonic ectoderm, while epithelial tissues develop from

Embryonic ectoderm develops into which of the following major tissue types?

cartilage has a weak regenerative ability

Which of the following increases the surface area of certain epithelial tissues?

Microvilli are found on the ________ of the epithelial cells.

________ are highly phagocytic cells that are a part of the body's defense system. These cells can be localized (fixed), or they can wander throughout the body.

Why are adipose, blood, and bone all considered to be connective tissues?

Is a tissue which doesn't match the characteristics of other connective tissues. Its cells are close together, and its matrix is sparse. Fat cells (adipocytes) are filled with a lipid vacuole which almost completely occupies their cytoplasm. It is found in fat pads and in subcutaneous fat which function as insulation and shock absorption, as well as nutritional storage.

Which of the following describes a holocrine gland?

In connective tissue, the role of collagen fibers is to

is the tissue that regulates and controls body functions.

Which is the most atypical connective tissue since it does not connect things or provide structural support?

is found where tensile strength is important, such as tendons and ligaments.
There are few fibroblasts and many dense bundles of inelastic collagen fibers.

What is the most obvious structural feature of areolar connective tissue?

has elastic fibers which are flexible. It is found where flexibility and recoil
are important, such as in the walls of arteries (for the expansion and contraction with the pulse) and the stroma or internal support of the lungs (for recoil during expiration).

is found in the outer dermis of the skin beneath the epidermis, in serous membranes of the body, and is the major interstitial tissue, the tissue which binds cells together. Its intercellular matrix contains most of the body's water.

is found in the outer dermis of the skin beneath the epidermis, in serous membranes of the body, and is the major interstitial tissue, the tissue which binds cells together. Its intercellular matrix contains most of the body's water.

Connectve tissues

found in large amounts beneath the skin (subcutaneous) and in serous membranes throughout the body. It is rich in blood vessels as seen in this highly magnified view.

The role of microvilli is to _________.

also known as fibrous connective tissue, or inelastic tissue. It has bundles of inelastic collagen fibers, seen in the high power view above. It is found in the inner dermis of the skin as well as tendons, ligaments, and connective fascia.

forms the internal support of most of the soft epithelial organs, glands,