According to NCRP regulations, leakage radiation from the x-ray tube
must not exceed
A
10 mR/h
B
100 mR/h
C
10 mR/min
D
100 mR/min
B 100 mR/h
If an exposure dose of 50 mR/h is delivered from a distance of 3 ft,
what would be the dose delivered after 20 minutes at a distance of 5
ft from the source?
A
6 mR
B
18 mR
C
46 mR
D
138 mR
A 6 mR
The radiographer's radiation monitor report must include which of the following information?1. Lifetime dose equivalent
2. Quarterly dose equivalent
3. Inception date
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
D 1, 2, and 3
What is the intensity of scattered radiation perpendicular to and 1 m
from a patient compared with the useful beam at the patient's
surface?
A
0.01%
B
0.1%
C
1.0%
D
10.0%
B 0.1%
The minimum requirement for lead-equivalent content in protective
aprons is
A
0.05 mm Pb.
B
0.50 mm Pb.
C
0.25 mm Pb.
D
1.0 mm Pb.
C 0.25 mm Pb.
Which of the following statements regarding the pregnant radiographer is (are) true?
She should declare her pregnancy to her supervisor.
She should
be assigned a second personnel monitor.
Her radiation history
should be reviewed.
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
D 1, 2, and 3
A controlled area is defined as one
that is occupied by people trained in radiation safety
that is
occupied by people who wear radiation monitors
whose occupancy
factor is 1
A
1 and 2 only
B
2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
D 1, 2, and 3
The amount of time that x-rays are being produced and directed toward
a particular wall is referred to as the
A
workload
B
use factor
C
occupancy factor
D
controlling factor
B use factor
Examples of primary radiation barriers include
radiographic room walls
lead aprons
radiographic room floor
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
C 1 and 3 only
The Bucky slot cover is in place to protect the
patient
fluoroscopist
technologist
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
C 2 and 3 only
The correct way(s) to check for cracks in lead aprons is (are)
to fluoroscope them once a year
to radiograph them at low
kilovoltage twice a year
by visual inspection
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
A
1 only
A student radiographer who is under 18 years of age must not receive
an annual occupational dose of greater than
A
0.1 rem (1
mSv)
B
0.5 rem (5 mSv)
C
5 rem (50 mSv)
D
10 rem (100 mSv)
A 0.1 rem (1 mSv)
Protective devices such as lead aprons function to protect the user from
scattered radiation
the primary beam
remnant radiation
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
A 1 only
To be in compliance with radiation safety standards, the fluoroscopy
exposure switch must
A
sound during fluoro-on time
B
be on a 6-ft-long cord
C
terminate fluoro
after 5 minutes
D
be the “dead man” type
D be the “dead man” type
The dose equivalent limit for a radiography student under the age of
18 years is
A
7 rem.
B
5 rem.
C
0.5
rem.
D
0.1 rem.
D 0.1 rem.
Primary radiation barriers must be at least how high?
A
5
ft
B
6 ft
C
7 ft
D
8 ft
C 7 ft
The exposure rate to a body 4 ft from a source of radiation is 16
R/h. What distance from the source would be necessary to decrease the
exposure to 6 R/h?
A
5 ft
B
7 ft
C
10
ft
D
14 ft
B 7 ft
Which of the following radiation protection measures is (are) appropriate for mobile radiography?
The radiographer must be at least 6 ft from the patient and the
x-ray tube during the exposure.
The radiographer must announce
in a loud voice that an exposure is about to be made and wait for
personnel, visitors, and patients to temporarily leave the area.
The radiographer must try to use the shortest SID.
A
1 and 2 only
B
1 and 3 only
C
2 and 3
only
D
1, 2, and 3
A 1 and 2 only
If the exposure rate at 2.0 m from a source of radiation is 18
mR/min, what will be the exposure rate at 5 m from the
source?
A
2.8 mR/min
B
4.5 mR/min
C
18
mR/min
D
85 mR/min
A
2.8 mR/min
Which of the following can be an effective means of reducing radiation exposure?
Barriers
Distance
Time
A
1 only
B
2 only
C
1 and 2 only
D
1, 2, and 3
D 1, 2, and 3
If the exposure rate at 3 ft from the fluoroscopic table is 40 mR/h,
what will be the exposure rate for 30 minutes at a distance of 5 ft
from the table?
A
7 mR
B
12 mR
C
14 mR
D
24 mR
A 7 mR
The likelihood of adverse radiation effects to any radiographer whose
dose is kept below the recommended guideline is
A
very
probable
B
possible
C
very remote
D
zero
C
very remote
A time of 1.5 minutes is required for a particular fluoroscopic
examination, whose exposure rate is 275 mR/h. What is the approximate
radiation exposure for the radiologic staff present in the fluoroscopy
room during the examination?
A
183 mR
B
68.7 mR
C
18.33 mR
D
6.87 mR
D 6.87 mR
Personnel present in the x-ray room during fluoroscopic examinations
wear lead aprons to protect them primarily
from
A
photoelectric scatter.
B
Compton scatter.
C
pair production.
D
magnetic fringe field.
B
Compton scatter.
How much protection is provided from a 75-kVp x-ray beam when using a
0.50-mm lead equivalent apron?
A
51%
B
66%
C
88%
D
99%
C 88%
Under what circumstances might a radiographer be required to wear two dosimeters?
During pregnancy
While performing vascular procedures
While performing mobile radiography
A
1 and 2 only
B
2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
A 1 and 2 only
Which of the following body parts is (are) included in whole-body dose?
Gonads
Blood-forming organs
Extremities
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
B 1 and 2 only
Radiation dose to personnel is reduced by which of the following exposure control cord guidelines?
- Exposure cords on fixed equipment must be very short.
- Exposure cords on mobile equipment should be fairly long.
- Exposure cords on fixed and mobile equipment should be of the coiled, expandable type.
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3
B 1 and 2 only
What should be the radiographer's main objective regarding personal
radiation safety?
A
Not to exceed his or her dose limit
B
To keep personal exposure as far below the dose limit as
possible
C
To avoid whole-body exposure
D
To
wear protective apparel when “holding” patients for exposures
B
To keep personal exposure as far below the dose limit as possible
If the exposure rate to a body standing 3 feet from a radiation
source is 12 mR/min, what will be the exposure rate to that body at a
distance of 7 feet from the source?
A
2.2 mR/min
B
5.1 mR/min
C
28 mR/min
D
36 mR/min
A 2.2 mR/min
Secondary radiation barriers usually require the following thickness
of shielding:
A
1/4-inch lead
B
1/8-inch lead
C
1/16-inch lead
D
1/32-inch lead
D
1/32-inch lead
Sources of secondary radiation include
background radiation
leakage radiation
scattered radiation
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
C 2 and 3 only
What percentage of x-ray attenuation does a 0.5-mm lead-equivalent
apron at 75 kVp provide?
A
51%
B
66%
C
75%
D
88%
D 88%
According to the NCRP, the total gestational dose equivalent limit
for the pregnant radiographer is
A
1 mSv
B
5 mSv
C
15 mSv
D
50 mSv
B 5 mSv
If the ESE for a particular exposure is 25 mrad, what will be the
intensity of the scattered beam perpendicular to and 1 m from the
patient?
A
25 mrad
B
2.5 mrad
C
0.25
mrad
D
0.025 mrad
D
0.025 mrad
What is the minimum requirement for lead aprons, according to 21
CFR?
A
0.05 mm Pb
B
0.50 mm Pb
C
0.25
mm Pb
D
1.0 mm Pb
C 0.25 mm Pb
Some patients, such as infants and children, are unable to maintain
the necessary radiographic position without assistance. If mechanical
restraining devices cannot be used, which of the following should be
requested or permitted to hold the patient?
A
Transporter
B
Patient's father
C
Patient's mother
D
Student radiographer
B Patient's father
If an individual receives an exposure of 150 mR/h at a distance of 2
feet from a radiation source, what will be their dose after 30 minutes
at a distance of 5 feet from the source?
A
60 mR
B
30 mR
C
24 mR
D
12 mR
D 12 mR
Each time an x-ray beam scatters, its intensity at 1 m from the
scattering object is what fraction of its original
intensity?
A
1/10
B
1/100
C
1/500
D
1/1,000
D 1/1,000
Occupational radiation monitoring is required when it is likely that
an individual will receive more than what fraction of the annual dose
limit?
A
½
B
¼
C
1/10
D
1/40
C 1/10
Which of the following contributes most to occupational
exposure?
A
The photoelectric effect
B
Compton
scatter
C
Classic scatter
D
Thompson scatter
B Compton scatter
Lead aprons are worn during fluoroscopy to protect the radiographer
from exposure to radiation from
A
the photoelectric effect
B
Compton scatter
C
classic scatter
D
pair production
B Compton scatter
The single most important scattering object in both radiography and
fluoroscopy is the
A
x-ray table
B
x-ray tube
C
patient
D
IR
C patient
Radiation that passes through the tube housing in directions other
than that of the useful beam is termed
A
scattered radiation
B
secondary radiation
C
leakage radiation
D
remnant radiation
C leakage radiation
How much protection is provided from a 100-kVp x-ray beam when using
a 0.50-mm lead-equivalent apron?
A
40%
B
75%
C
88%
D
99%
B
75%
Which of the following features of fluoroscopic equipment is (are) designed especially to minimize radiation exposure to the patient and/or personnel?
Bucky slot cover
Exposure switch/foot pedal
Cumulative
exposure timer
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
2 and 3 only
D
1, 2, and 3
D
1, 2, and 3
What percentage of x-ray attenuation does a 0.5-mm lead equivalent
apron at 100 kVp provide?
A
51%
B
66%
C
75%
D
94%
C 75%
In the production of characteristic radiation at the tungsten target,
the incident electron
A
ejects an inner-shell tungsten
electron
B
ejects an outer-shell tungsten electron
C
is deflected, with resulting energy loss
D
is
deflected, with resulting energy gain
A
ejects an inner-shell tungsten electron
Which of the following formulas is a representation of the
inverse-square law of radiation used to determine x-ray intensity at
different distances?
A
B
C
D
A
If the exposure rate to a body standing 7 ft from a radiation source
is 140 mR/h, what will be the dose to that body at a distance of 8 ft
from the source in 30 minutes?
A
182.8 mR
B
107
mR
C
91.4 mR
D
53.6 mR
D 53.6 mR
How is the intensity of an x-ray photon affected after each time it
scatters?
A
Its intensity increases 4 times.
B
Its intensity increases 1000 times.
C
Its
intensity decreases 4 times.
D
Its intensity decreases 1000 times.
D
Its intensity decreases 1000 times.
If an individual receives 50 mR while standing 4 ft from a source of
radiation for 2 minutes, which of the following option(s) will most
effectively reduce his or her radiation exposure to that source of
radiation?
A
Standing 3 ft from the source for 2 minutes
B
Standing 8 ft from the source for 2 minutes
C
Standing 5 ft from the source for 1 minute
D
Standing 6 ft from the source for 2 minutes
B Standing 8 ft from the source for 2 minutes
Primary radiation barriers usually require which thickness of
shielding?
A
¼-in. lead
B
⅛-in. lead
C
1/16-in. lead
D
1/32-in. lead
C 1/16-in. lead
How will x-ray photon intensity be affected if the source-to-image
distance (SID) is doubled?
A
Its intensity increases two
times.
B
Its intensity increases four times.
C
Its intensity decreases two times.
D
Its
intensity decreases four times.
D Its intensity decreases four times.
All the following statements regarding mobile radiographic equipment
are true except
A
the exposure cord must permit the operator
to stand at least 6 ft from the patient, x-ray tube, and useful beam
B
exposure switches must be the two-stage type
C
a lead apron should be carried with the unit and worn by
the radiographer during exposure
D
the radiographer must
alert individuals in the area before making the exposure
B exposure switches must be the two-stage type