THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards

What are the 3 major regions of the Skin?

Superficial Region

Middle Region

Deepest Region

Layer to deep skin; Mostly adipose tissue

This region of skins tissue is Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

What skin region contains the following cells..

• - keratinocytes
• - basal cells – stem cells
• - melanocytes - pigment
• - Langerhan’s - macrophages (immune system)
• - Merkel cells (tactile receptors)

The epidermis consists of ______________ epithelium.

What is the name of the area hair growth occurs?

Hair is made of of a tough protein called _______

A hair _____ anchors each hair into the skin.

Sensory nerve endings around each hair bulb

The hair ____ forms the base of the hair follicle, living cells divide and grow to build the hair shaft

The sweat glands that produce a watery substance and are associated with exercise and stress are the _________ sweat glands, while glands that produce an organic substance that causes body odor are the __________ sweat glands.

What DERMAL layer is closest to the epidermis?

This layer is found only in thick skin.

Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin exposed to ultraviolet light?

are responsible for the reduction of water loss from the skin.

If you accidentally cut your arm and see connective tissue and fat, which layer(s) was/were cut?

-the amount of collagen in the dermis decreases.

-the subcutaneous tissue loses adipose tissue.

-the epidermis thins.

Intact skin provides protection because

produces a layer of cells that resist abrasion.

Fingerprints and footprints are produced by projections into the epidermis called…

contains cells that undergo mitosis to form new epidermal cells.

The two layers of the dermis, from deep to superficial, are …

Which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system?

The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is

which layer of the skin would be most affected from vitamin C deficiency?

What skin region is responsible for most of the skin's structural strength.

A yellow pigment derived from plants that can impart a yellow color to the skin is

Can be converted to vitamin A

Blood vessel dilation in the dermis results in _________ heat loss from the skin, and blood vessel constriction results in _______ heat loss from the skin.

Blood vessels in the ___________ supply epidermal cells with nutrients.

This is the main fibrous layer of the dermis.

an inflammatory condition of the skin?

Fingerprints and footprints are produced by projections into the epidermis called

The term "stratum germinativum" is sometimes used to refer to the

The bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called

Deepest epidermal layer firmly attached to the dermis

Single row of stem cells

Also called stratum germinativum: cells undergo rapid division

Journey from basal layer to surface

Takes 40–56 days

Cells contain a weblike system of intermediate prekeratin filaments attached to desmosomes

Abundant melanin granules and dendritic cells

8-10 layers

Thin; three to five cell layers in which the cells flatten

Keratohyaline and lamellated granules accumulate

In thick skin only

Thin, transparent band superficial to the stratum granulosum

A few rows of flat, dead keratinocytes

20–30 rows of dead, flat, keratinized membranous sacs

Three-quarters of the epidermal thickness

Functions

Protects from abrasion and penetration

Waterproofs

Barrier against biological, chemical, and physical assaults

Structure: Superficial part of the skin; stratified spamous epithelium; composed of four of five strata.
Function: Prevents water loss and the entry of chemicals and microorganisms
Protects against abrasion and ultraviolet light
produces vitamin D
Gives rise to hair, nails, and glands