The first genetic material on Earth was most likely
RNA
Which organism appeared first on Earth?
bacteria
Plant spores are
haploid
Moss is a
nonvascular plant
In seedless vascular plants which generation is dominant?
sporophyte
In angiosperms the, ___________ becomes the fruit
ovary
Ferns first appeared approximately
475 mya
Flowering plants first appeared approximately
125 mya
The photosynthetic cells of a plant are
parenchyma
In plants, spores are formed by
meiosis
That new flu strain is H7N9. The N gene is a gene that
Helps the virus get OUT of the host cell
Area A has a water potential of 0.23 MPa. Area B has a water potential of 0.32MPa. Where will water be going?
From area A to area B
The FIRST plant group to have pollen was the
gymnosperms
What is the correct sequence of events in the origin of life?
Synthesis of organic monomers, synthesis of organic polymers, formation of protobionts, formation of DNA-based genetic systems
Fossilized stromatolites
Resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some warm, shallow salty bays
At approximately what time in Earth's history did oxygen become abundant in the atmosphere for the first time?
2.3 billion years ago
Which of the following was not a challenge for survival for the first land plants?
Animal predation
Which of the following is true for the life cycle of mosses
Antheridia and Archegonia are produced by gametophytes
Spores develop into
gametophytes
Gametophytes make
gametes
In which of the following taxa does the mature sporophyte depend completely on the gametophyte for nutrition?
Bryophyta
A botanist discovers a new species of plant in a tropical rain forest. After observing its anatomy and life cycle, he notes the following characteristics: flagellated sperm, xylem with tracheids, separate gametophyte and sporophyte generations with the sporophyte dominant, and no seeds. The plant is probably most closely related to
Ferns
Evidence indicates that plants increase the number of stomata in their leaves as atmospheric CO2 levels decline. Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area should have the effect of doing which of the following?
increasing dehydration of leaf tissues, countering the effect of declining CO2 on photosynthesis, increasing the O2 content of air next to the leaves higher than it would be otherwise
In addition to seeds, which of the following characteristics are unique to the seed-producing plants?
pollen
Which of the following can be found in gymnopsperms?
pollen
Angiosperm double fertilization is so-called because it features the formation of
one embryo involving one sperm cell and an endosperm involving a second sperm cell
Which of the following are structures of angiosperm gametophytes?
pollen
How have fruits contributed to the success of angiosperms?
by facilitating dispersal of seeds
Which of the following flower parts develop into a seed?
ovule
Which of the following would Professor Stevens consider a seedless vascular plant?
fern
On the picture, D is the
sepal
B is the
anther
AC is the
stigma
AC and AB are part of the
carpel
Plants contain meristems whose major function is to
produce more cells
Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants?
some plants lack secondary growth
What would be a plant adaption that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest?
apical dominance
In the above diagram C is the
vascular bundle
F is the
epidermis
Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?
secondary xylem
Which of the following is a true statement?
Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium
What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree?
secondary xylem
If you drive a nail in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 meters tall, and the nail is about 1.5 meters from the ground, how many meters above the ground is the nail fifty years later?
1.5m
An open beaker of pure water has a potential of
0.0
The value for potential in root tissue was found to be -0.15MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1M solution of sucrose (potential=-0.23MPa), the net water flow would
be from the tissue into the sucrose solution
Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will
have a faster rate of osmosis
What drives the flow of water through the xylem?
the evaporation of water from the leaves
What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?
evaporation of water through stoma
What is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?
hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule
An outer and an inner phospholipid bilayer is a characteristic of
gram negative bacteria
Bacterial chromosomes are
circular
Bacteria can survive long periods of stress by forming
endospores
Approximately 8-9% of your DNA is
virus DNA
On the diagram, the group circled, which includes species B and species C, wold be
monophyletic
On the diagram, if I made a group of species A,B,C, and D, it would be
monophyletic
Professor Stevens is a member of Phylum Chordata. If I wanted to know more about him, the next more specific category in the old fashioned Linnaean system would be...
Class
The scientific name of the red salamander is Pseudotriton ruber. Pseudotrition is the organsim's
Genus
This is when bacteria take in foreign DNA
transformation
For bacteria to share genes with other bacteria, they need the
F plasmid
To open a stomata, a cell will
pump K into the cell
When a guard cell is __________, the stomata will open
turgid
These organisms invented photosynthesis
bacteria
The organism that causes Toxoplasmosis is a(n)
protozoan
The most recent ancestor of animals is the
protozoans