Microbiology: Micro Bio Chp 3 Exam 1 (2nd set) Flashcards

An atom or molecule becomes an (anion/ion/cation) when it loses an electron to a more electronegative molecule

A chemical reaction in which a water molecule is a reactant is known as (dehydration/hydrolysis) reaction.

A (base/acid) is a molecule that binds with hydrogen ions when it is dissolved in water.

The folding of a polypeptide into a three-dimensional shape is its (secondary/tertiary/quaternary) structure.

The DNA double helix is held together by (covalent/ionic/hydrogen) bonds.

A (catalyst/enzyme) is any molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction.

The monomer of a nucleic acid is called a (nucleoside/nucleotide/base).

A chemical reaction that traps energy within newly formed chemical bonds is an (exothermic/endothermic) reaction

A (indicator/base/buffer) is a substance that maintains the pH even when the amounts of acid and or be are changing

The sum of all of the chemical reactions within an organism is referred to as its (metabolism/physiology).

the (atoms/isotopes/stereoisomers)of an element varying the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

In a (hypertonic/isotonic/hypotonic) solution, an animal cell can gain so much water thai it may burst.

The presence of a cell (wall/membrane) enables bacterial and plant cells to resist the effects of hypotonic solutions.

a higher concentration of solutes corresponds to a (higher/Lower) concentration of water in a given solution.

A (symport/antiport/uniport) is a carrier protein that transports two substances in the same direction across a membrane.

Eukaryotic flagella are anchored by the basal body in the (cytoplasm/wall / membrane.

the reserve deposits of starch or other compounds found in many prokaryotic cells are called (vacuoles/inclusions/nucleoid).

Eukaryotic cells use a process known as (pinocytosis/phagocytosis) to obtain liquids from their environment.

Lipid (LPS/NAM/A/NAG) is a part of the Gram-negative cell outer membrane that can produce fever, inflammation and shock when it is released into the bloodstream.

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site of (protein/lipid/carbohydrate) synthesis.

Fibrous structures some archaea use for attachment to surfaces are (hami/fimbriae).

A (capsule/slime layer/matrix) is a type of glycocalyx that is firmly attached to the cell.

Goli Bodies are examples of a (membranous/non-membranous/cellular)organelle.

the semiliquid matrix of the nucleus is called the (cytoplasm/nucleoid/nucleoplasm).

A structural molecule found in eukaryotic cytoskeletons, flagella, cilia, and centrioles is (flagellin/tubulin/fibrin).

A (monocular/binocular/compound) microscope has a single ocular lens.

A (acidic/metallic/fluorescent) molecule is one that absorbs invisible radiation and emits visible light.

The total magnification using a 10 ocular and a 100 objective would be (110/1000/10000) X.

A (decolorizer/mordant/fixer) is a substance that binds to a dye and makes it less soluble.

Coating a specimen with a heavy metal is a step in preparing it for (phase/fluorescent/electron) microscopy.

A serological test that involves the clumping of antigen and antibody is the (agglutination/antigen/ELISA) test.

the system of taxonomy used today was originated by (Linnaeus/Darwin/Woese).

Carl Woese and his colleagues proposed the (phylum/domain), a taxon that contains multiple kingdoms.

Bacterial viruses, called (bacteriophages/phages/bacteriotypes), can be used to help classify different groups of bacteria.

A primary purpose for the use of stains in microscopy is the increase the (magnification/brightness/contrast) of a specimen.

An integral part of serological testing is the use of a solution called (blood/plasma/antiserum) that contains antibodies.

In a compound microscope, the lens that directs light through the specimen is the (ocular/condenser/objective) lens.

the process of immobilizing organisms on a glass slide through the application of either heat or chemicals is (staining/mordant/fixation).

A staining procedure that uses a single basic dye is called a (simple/basic/cationic) stain.