The gaps between Schwann cells found at regular intervals in peripheral system neurons are called _____
Nodes of Ranvier
The four major parts of the brain are the cerebrum, the diencephalon, the brain stem, and the _____
Cerebellum
The brain dysfunction where blood suppy to a region (or regions) of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissue dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel, is called ___
A stroke
The brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called ____
Meninges
The large fiber tract that allows communication between the two cerebral hemispheres is ___
Corpus Callosum
Progressive degenerative disease that results in dementia associated with a shortage of acetylochline and structural changes in brain areas involving cognition and memory is?
Alzheimers
The term central nervous system refers to the ___
Brain and spinal cord
The neuron processes that normally revive incoming stimuli are called ____
dendrites
A neuron with a cell body located in the CNS whose primary function is connecting other neurons is called a(n) ____
Association neuron
The point at which an impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell is the ____
synapse
The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called ___
a neurotransmitter
The correct sequence of a typical reflex arc is ____
Receptor, afferent neuron, interrogation center, efferent neuron, effector
Muscles and glands are ___
effectors
The three major parts of the brainstem are ___
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
A shallow groove located on the surface of the cerebral cortex is called a ____
Sulci
The single, deep groove seperating the two cerebral hemispheres is the ____
longitudinal fissure
Elevated ridges located on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere are called ____
Gyri
If the specialized area of the cerebral hemisphere corresponding to Borca's area is damaged, what is the result?
Motor control of the speech muscles is lost
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the ___
hypothalamus
Vital centers for the control of the viscreal activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting, are located in the ____
medulla oblongota
The hypothalamus is the ___ of the body because ___
Is the thermostat of the body because it regulates body temperature
Which of the following represents the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges?
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
The subarachnoid space lies directly between the ____
arachnoid mater and pia mater
The cerebrospinal fuid ___
is continually formed, mostly by the chroid plexuses
The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of ___
metebolic waste
What is an example of a traumatic brain injury?
cerebral edema
The spinal cord has gray matter on the ___
inside, white matter on the outside, and ventral motor root
What is the correct sequence of nerves that exit the spinal cord, going from superior to inferior?
cervical spinal nerves,thoracic spinal nerves, lumbar spinal nerves, sacral spinal nerves
What is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from outermost to innermost layer?
epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
Afferent nerves are called ____ , and motor nerves are called ____ ?
sensory nerves; efferent nerves
The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the ___
autonomic nervous system
preparing the body for "flight or flight" response during threatening situations is the role of the ____
sympathetic nervous system
What is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?
dialation of the pupils
Only ___ muscle cells are composed of branching chains of cells
cardiac
Skeletal muscle is often attached to bone by strong, cordlike,cstructures called ____
tendons
The gap between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber it supplies at the neuromuscular junction is called the ___
synapse
The sliding filament theory involves sliding of the ____ filament during skeletal muscle contraction as each cross bridge attaches and detaches several times.
actin
The only energy source that can be used to directly power muscle activity is ___
ATP
A smooth, sustained contraction is called ____
tetanus
What function does a calcium ions preform during skeletal muscle contraction?
expose myosin binding sites on the actin
The movement that is commonly seen in a ball-n-socket joint, that includes a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction is called ____
circumduction
The end of the musclethat is attached to the relatively more moveable bone and moves when a skeletal muscle contacts is called the ____
insertion
What muscle tissue has involuntary regulation of contraction?
Cardiac and smooth muscle
The muscle tissue type that consists of single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with very obvious striation is ___
Skeletal muscle
What connective tissue sheaths surrounds an individual skeletal muscle cell?
endomysium
What is not a function of the muscular system?
hematopsiesis
A sacromere is ___
The contractile unit between two Z lines
What is composed of myosin protein?
Thick filaments
The mechanical force of contraction is generated by ___
A sliding of thin filaments past thick ones
Acetylcholine is ___
A source of energy for muscle contraction