maxillary bone
support the upper teeth; form the inferior orbital rim
palatine bones
form posterior portion of the hard palate; back roof of mouth
nasal bones
support the superior portion of the bridge of the nose; connected to cartilages that support the distal portions of the nose
inferior nasal conchae
create turbulance in air passing throught the nasal cavity; promotes warming and humidification of inhailed air
zygomatic bones
rim and lateral wall of the orbit; cheeckbone
lacrimal bones
part of the medial wall of the orbit; eye socket
vomer
inferior portion of the bony nasal septum
mandible
lower jaw
occipital bone
posterior, lateral and inferior surfaces of the cranium; lower back of head, above the neck; below the lambdoid sture; home of occipital crest
parietal bone
superior and lateral surfaces of the cranium; top side of the head (2) divided by sagittal suture
frontal bone
anterior portion of the cranium; roof of orbits; helps flush mucous of frontal sinuses; in front of coronal suture
temporal bones
lateral wall of the cranium; articulates with facial bones and mandible; protects organs of inner ear; attachment site for muscles that close the jaw and move the head; surrounded by squamous suture
sphenoid
floor of the cranium; strengthens sides of skull
ethmoid
anteromedial floor of the cranium; roof of nasal cavity; part of nasal septum
hyoid bone
attachment site for muscles of the larynx, tongue, and pharynx; in the neck
auditory ossicles
located in the ear cavity; play a key role in hearing
ribs
reinforce posterior and lateral walls of the thoratic cavity
vertebrosternal ribs
1-7; true ribs
vertebrochondral ribs
8-10; false ribs
vertebral ribs
11-12; floating ribs; attached only to vertabrae and muscles of the body wall
sternum
breastbone; anterior midline of thoracic wall; includes the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
jugular notch
located between clavicular aritculations
cervival vetebrae
C1-C7; neck; support skull; long split tip; stabalize positions of brain and spinal cord; allow controlled head movements
thoracic vertabrae
T1-T12; chest; long, slender, not split; support weight of head, neck, upper limbs, and chest.
lumbar vertebrae
L1-L5; inferior of back; blunt and broad; support weight of head, neck uper limbs and trunk
sacrum
under the lumbar vertebrae; protects reproductive, digestive, and urinary organs
coccyx
under the sacrum; tail bone; consists of 3-5 vertabrae
clavicle
part of pectoral gridle; superior, lateral border or manubrium
scapula
part of pectoral gridle; bone connected to humerus and clavicle; shoulder blade
humerus
brachium (top part of arm)
radius
forearm; thumb side
ulna
forearm; pinky side
carpal bones
8 bones, from pinky to thumb: (proximal) pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid, (distal) hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium
metacarpal bones
5 bones between carpals and phalanges; support the hand
phalanges
5 finger bones; 5 toe bones
hip bones
2 in the pelvic gridle; consists of the ilium (superior), ischium (posterior), and pubis (anterior)
femur
thigh; connected to the hip bone; longest and heaviest bone in the body
patella
kneecap; large sesamoid bone
tibia
shin bone; large medial bone of the leg
fibula
parallel to the tibia; bears no weight; site of attachment of muscles that move the foot and toes
tarsal bones
ankle bones
metatarsal bones
5 bones between tarsals and phalanges of the foot