What are the principles of diet planning?
A) Abundance, B Vitamins, kcalories, diet control, minerals, and variety
B) Abundance, balance, conservative, diversity, moderation, and vitamins
C) Adequacy, moderation, and vitamins
D) Adequacy, balance, calorie control, nutrition density, moderation, and variety
D
Nutrient dense refers to foods that
A) Carry the USDA nutrition labeling
B) are higher in weight relative to volume
C) provide more nutrients relative to kcalories
D) contain a mixture of carbohydrate, fat and protein
C
Which of the following is a healthy choice for protein in the USDA food patterns
A) Nuts
B) Bacon
C) Baked potatoes
D) Sweet potatoes
A
Which of the following breads has the highest fiber content?
A) White
B) Refined
C) Enriched
D) Whole-Grain
D
In vegetarians, the RDA is higher for
A) iron
B) folate
C) calcium
D) vitamin A
A
The process by which food is broken down in to absorbable components is called
A) digestion
B) absorption
C) excretion
D) mastication
A
In what organ does the digestion process begin?
A) Mouth
B) Stomach
C) Duodenum
D) Jejunum-ileum
A
Which of the following is a function of sphincter muscles
A) Control peristalsis
B) Grind large food particles
C) Secrete digestive juices into the GI tract
D) Control the passage of food through the GI tract
D
What is the function of bile?
A) Emulsifies fats
B) Initiates digestion of protein
C) Enhances absorption of complex carbohydrates
D)Protects the stomach and small intestine from the action of hydrochloric acid
A
Which of the following is NOT a typical component of stools?
A) Water
B) Fiber
C) Starch
D) Bacteria
C
Which of the following is the major site of nutrients digestion and absorption?
A) stomach
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) pancreas
B
Which of the Following are found on the microvilli and function to break apart small nutrients into the final products of digestion?
A) Mucus
B) Micelles
C) Enzymes
D) Hormones
C
What is the first vessel to receive absorbed water-soluble vitamins?
A) Hepatic vein
B) Mesenteric vein
C) Mesenteric artery
D) Hepatic portal vein
D
Microorganisms in food that are viable when consumed and that are beneficial to health are known as
A) probiotics
B) prebiotics
C) postbiotics
D) zymobiotics
A
What two systems regulate all digestive/absorptive processes?
A) Enzyme and thoracic
B) Portal and lymphatic
C) Nervous and endocrine
D) Transport and circulatory
C
A person with chronic diarrhea is at risk for which of the following?
A) Dehydration
B) Constipation
C) Peptic ulcers
D) Heimlich's disease
A
Which of the following is most likely to result from insufficient intake of fiber?
A) Diarrhea
B) Bloating
C) Constipation
D) Pancreatitis
C
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of glucose?
A) It is soluble in water
B) It is a monosaccharide
C) It is part of the sucrose molecule
D) It is sweeter tasting than sucrose
D
Which of the following is NOT a common dietary source of carbohydrate
A) Starch
B) Maltose
C) Cellulose
D) Glycogen
D
Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose
A) Glucose
B) Maltose
C) Sucrose
D) Fructose
A
What is the principle of carbohydrate of milk?
A) Lactose
B) Sucrose
C) Maltose
D) Glycogen
A
What is the primary function of insulin?
A) Raises blood glucose levels
B) Lowers blood glucose levels
C) Stimulates glycogen breakdown
D) Stimulates intestinal carbohydrate absorption
B
What is a normal range (mg/dL) for blood glucose?
A) 60-80
B) 70-100
C) 120-140
D) 140-180
B
When blood glucose concentration falls, what pancreatic hormone is secreted to stimulate release of stored glucose
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Epinephrine
D) Cholecystokinin
B
A person eating lots of white bread, white rice, and ready-to-eat cereals would have a diet with a glycemic index that is
A) very low
B) low
C) moderate
D) high
D
In the time between meals, what organ releases glucose to help maintain normal blood glucose levels?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Intestines
D) Skeletal muscle
A
What is the Daily Value for fiber when expressed in g per 1000 kcal?
A) 5
B) 8
C) 11.5
D) 16.5
C