The sequence of pericardial layers from superficial to deep is the
fibrous, ________, and
visceral pericardium.
parietal
The right atrium receives blood from the superior vena cava, inferior
vena cava, and
________.
coronary sinus
A heart valve that fails to close properly is considered to be
________ or to exhibit
insufficiency.
incompetent
Irregular ridges in the walls of the ventricles are called ________.
trabeculae carneae
The walls of the ________ are thicker so as to push blood through the systemic circuit.
left ventricle
The ________ valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
mitral, left atrioventricular, or bicuspid
The atrioventricular valves cannot be inverted because attachment of ________.
chordae tendineae
The first heart sounds of "lub-dup" are produced by the closing of the right and left ________.
atrioventricular valves
The ________ of the heart prevents overdilation of the valve openings.
cardiac skeleton
The ________ are subdivisions of the atrioventricular bundle located
within the upper half of
the interventricular septum.
bundle branches or crura
The ________ artery supplies the left atrium and the posterior part of the left ventricle.
circumflex artery
Gap junctions and fasciae adherens are associated with ________ that
join adjacent cardiac
muscle cells.
intercalated disks
Uncoordinated contractions of the ventricle, known as ________,
result from irregularities in
conducting system behavior.
fibrillation