Small subunit and large subunit
Ribosomes
Carry out protein synthesis
Ribosomes
Continuous with the nuclear envelope, with ribosomes studding its surface
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Site of protein synthesis, distributes transport vesicles
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Continuous with the nuclear envelope, lacks ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Synthesizes lipids, detoxifies poison, stores calcium
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae. Cis and trans face
Golgi Apparatus
Modifies, sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles
Golgi Apparatus
A membranous sac of digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
Use enzymes to recycle the cell’s own organelles, food
Lysosomes
Types of vacuoles?
Food, Contractile, Central
Membranous sac
Food Vacuoles
Contain food
Food Vacuoles
Membranous sac(protists)
Contractile Vacuoles
Pump excess water out of cells
Contractile Vacuoles
Membranous sac (plants)
Central Vacuoles
Hold organic compounds and water
Central Vacuoles
Smooth outer membrane, cristae (inner membrane foldings), intermembrane space, matrix contains free ribosomes
Mitochondria
Sites of cellular respiration, generates ATP
Mitochondria
Only present in plant cells, thylakoids (membranous sacs) stacked to form granum, stroma, green in color, contain chlorophyll
Chloroplasts
Function in photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
Organelle with single membrane?
Peroxisomes
Produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water
Peroxisomes
A network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm. Three types: microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules
Cytoskeleton
Organizes the cell’s structure, shape, and activities, anchoring many organelles
Cytoskeleton
Made of actin subunit, two intertwined strands of actin
Diameter: 7nm
Microfilaments
Maintenance of cell shape, changes in cell shape, muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell motility, cell division
Microfilaments
Fibrous proteins supercoiled into thicker cables. Diameter: 8 – 12 nm, contains proteins from one of proteins from keratin family
Intermediate filaments
Maintenance of cell shape, anchorage of nucleus and certain other organelles , formation of nuclear lamina
Intermediate filaments
Diameters in a middle range, hollow tubes; wall consisting of 13 columns of tubulin molecules. Diameter: 25 nm with 15nm lumen
Microtubules
Maintenance of cell shape, cell motility, chromosome movement in cell division, organelle movement
Microtubules
Contains nuclear envelope, double membrane, nuclear pore, nuclear lamina, and nucleolus, and nucleoplasm
Nucleus
Contains DNA (hereditary material)
Nucleus