All of the following are true of oxygen therapy EXCEPT:
the universal color of flowmeters is green.
oxygen delivery devices are either low–flow rate or high–flow rate.
oxygen is considered a drug and is regulated by the government.
oxygen therapy can be prescribed by pharmacists and respiratory therapists.
oxygen therapy can be prescribed by pharmacists and respiratory therapists.
Which of the following terms describes the body’s maintenance of heat production and loss?
hypothalamus
febrile
thermoregulation
homeostasis
thermoregulation
Which of the following is a common complication associated with CV line placement?
Atelectasis
Laryngedema
Pneumothorax or hemothorax
Tracheal erosion
Pneumothorax or hemothorax
The levels of blood pressures that are read on a sphygmomanometer are:
arterial over venous.
systolic over diastolic.
diastolic over systolic.
none of the above.
systolic over diastolic.
Hypoxia is
a drug that must be prescribed by a physician
necessary for cellular repair
necessary for cellular function
a state describing oxygen-deficient tissue
a state describing oxygen-deficient tissue
All of the arteries can be used for taking a pulse except:
the radial artery
the carotid artery
the brachial artery
the subclavian artery
the subclavian artery
The ideal location of the endotracheal tube tip is:
in the trachea 1 to 2 inches above the carina.
in the left or right main-stem bronchus.
in the back of the throat.
just below the junction of the esophagus and trachea.
in the trachea 1 to 2 inches above the carina.
A patient who has a rectal temperature of 100.5° F is:
febrile.
normal.
hyperthermic.
hypothermic.
normal
The most accurate way to determine body temperature is:
by asking the patient if he is warm.
by using both an oral and a rectal thermometer and averaging the readings.
with an oral thermometer.
with a rectal thermometer.
with a rectal thermometer.
Which of the following is used to administer a large amount of drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic drugs and antibiotics), monitor cardiac pressures, and manage fluid volume?
tracheostomy tube
pulmonary arterial catheter
central venous catheter
thoracostomy tube
central venous catheter
All of the following are related EXCEPT:
nasal cannula.
tent and oxyhood.
facial mask.
thoracostomy.
thoracostomy
The most common location for a central venous catheter is the aorta.
true
false
false
Rectal thermometry is believed to most accurately reflect core body temperature measures. Use of which alternative thermometer provides measures that closely correlate to the rectal method?
axillary
tympanic
oral
temporal artery
temporal artery
To measure blood pressures, you will need a:
stethoscope and sphygmomanometer.
stethoscope and pulse oximeter.
sphygmomanometer and otoscope.
thermometer and otoscope.
stethoscope and sphygmomanometer.
An oxygen hood provides oxygen to pediatric patients by fully covering their bed.
true
false
false
A patient is thought to have suffered cardiac arrest. The ____________ peripheral artery may be assessed to verify the effectiveness of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
1, Apical
2. Femoral
3. Radial
2, 3
1, 2 & 3
1, 3
1, 2
2, 3
The peak blood pressure reading when measuring blood pressures is the:
diastolic pressure.
systolic pressure.
blood pressure resulting from left ventricular contraction.
both b and c.
both b and c.
A Swan-Ganz catheter monitors pulmonary arterial pressure.
false
true
true
The collection of vital signs data is quick and noninvasive. The usual vital signs measured include:
temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.
electrolytes, blood gases, urinalysis values, and fecal occult blood test findings.
respiration, pulse, cardiac output, and urinalysis values.
temperature, blood pressure, blood gases, and bowel sounds.
temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.
Oxygen is an odorless and tasteless gas.
true
false
true
A nasal cannula provides a high concentration of oxygen and therefore is considered a high-flow device.
true
false
false
Systolic pressure is defined as:
the peak pressure during contraction of the heart
a constant pressure exerted on the arterial walls
the lowest pressure during contraction of the heart
an increase in pressure when the heart is relaxed
the peak pressure during contraction of the heart
Which body temperature measurement takes the shortest length of time?
axillary
rectal
oral
tympanic
tympanic
Thoracostomy tubes are
central venous lines used to administer parenteral nutrition
chest tubes used to drain the intrapleural space
used to monitor pulmonary arterial pressures
used to administer oxygen with mechanical ventilators
chest tubes used to drain the intrapleural space
A patient comes to the emergency department with an oral temperature of 96.6º F. This finding is consistent with which of the following?
hyperthermia
bradypnea
hypothermia
tachypnea
hypothermia
The apical pulse is palpated at the brachial artery.
true
false
false
Thoracostomy tubes are used to:
administer chemotherapeutic drugs.
administer oxygen at high concentrations.
reestablish negative intrapleural pressure.
inject contrast media.
reestablish negative intrapleural pressure.
Which of these tissues is most sensitive to hypoxia?
brain
heart
liver
a and b
all of the above
all of the above
An artificial airway is inserted into a patient’s the trachea and connected to a mechanical ventilator. In this circumstance, all of the following are true statements except:
a consistent FiO2 is delivered.
the inspiratory volume is preset.
during chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient’s neck for proper head position.
the ventilator delivers a minimum set respiratory rate.
during chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient’s neck for proper head position.
Which of the following is classified as a low-flow oxygen delivery device?
air entrainment mask
simple mask
nasal cannula
b and c
all of the above
b and c
The preferred location of a catheter tip is the:
left ventricle.
superior vena cava.
inferior vena cava.
gastric fundus.
superior vena cava.
A physician must prescribe oxygen therapy because it is considered a drug.
true
false
true
A Swan-Ganz catheter differs from a central venous (CV) catheter in that Swan-Ganz:
catheters may be single-lumen or multilumen design, with a pressure electrode and cuff at the distal end.
lines measure arterial pressures in the wedge position and reflect pressure in the left atrium.
catheters are named after Jeremy Swan and William Ganz developers.
All of the above are true.
All of the above are true.
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the external environment and the blood circulating in the body is called:
blood pressure
respiration
temperature
cardiovascular
respiration
What is the name of the tube that drains the intrapleural space and mediastinum?
thoracostomy tube
central venous catheter
Swan-Ganz catheter
endotracheal tube
thoracostomy tube
All of the following apply to respiratory measurements EXCEPT:
the respiratory rate of newborns averages 12 to 20 respirations per minute.
adult respiration quality refers to rhythm, depth, and degree of effort.
a single respiration cycle consists of an inspiration and an expiration.
respiration measurements may alter if the patient is supine.
the respiratory rate of newborns averages 12 to 20 respirations per minute.
All of these adult blood pressure recordings would be considered normal except:
...
In the healthy adult the normal range for blood pressure is
systolic less than 60 mm Hg, diastolic greater than 95 mm Hg
systolic less than 95 mm Hg, diastolic less than 60 mm Hg
systolic less than 80 mm Hg, diastolic greater than 120 mm Hg
systolic less than 120 mm Hg, diastolic less than 80 mm Hg
systolic less than 120 mm Hg, diastolic less than 80 mm Hg
Body homeostasis is often referred to as the body’s “steady state” and is maintained by important body systems using physiologic feedback loops. Vital signs are an excellent indicator of the body’s response to conditions and therapies the patient is undergoing. A key strength of using vital signs as an indicator of homeostasis is that they:
can be confirmed by asking the patient how he or she feels.
are subjective and subject to interpretation.
are measured using interventional catheters and therefore are very accurate.
can be assessed quickly, and the data revealed are objective.
can be assessed quickly, and the data revealed are objective.
The major muscle of ventilation is the diaphragm.
true
false
true
A tracheostomy tube is inserted directly into the trachea through the anterior surface of the neck.
false
true
true
When “high-flow” oxygen therapy is given, the _____ method is employed.
intracatheter
facial mask
nasal cannula
nasogastric
facial mask
A reliable device to measure oxygen saturation levels of arterial blood is a:
sphygmomanometer.
stethoscope.
pulse oximeter.
spirometer.
pulse oximeter.
You have completed a portable chest radiograph on a patient in the ICU. The image is positioned correctly and has acceptable density and contrast. When the correct placement of a central venous (CV) line using a right-sided approach is assessed, the catheter tip should:
not cross the midline of the patient and should be located in the superior vena cava.
cross the patient’s midline and be positioned in the thoracic duct.
be located in the main pulmonary artery in a “wedge” position.
be located in the left ventricle for accurate pressure measurement.
not cross the midline of the patient and should be located in the superior vena cava.
Regarding oxygen delivery, all of the following are true except
The oxygen flowmeter is green in color.
The maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired results.
The regulator attached to the oxygen tank consists of a flowmeter and pressure manometer.
Oxygen dose is ordered in liters per minute or in concentration as a fractional concentration of oxygen.
The maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired results.
A 42-year-old patient has a temperature of 101.3º F. Which of the following terms describes the patient’s condition?
hyperthermic
hypothermic
febrile
a and c
all of the above
a and c
The objective of oxygen therapy is to:
increase the CO2 concentration going to the patient.
increase the O2 concentration going to the patient.
produce a condition of hypoxemia.
decrease the CO2 concentration going to the patient.
increase the O2 concentration going to the patient.
The physician’s diagnosis for a patient who has difficulty breathing would be which of the following?
apnea
tachypnea
bradypnea
dyspnea
dyspnea
The average adult respiratory rate is:
12 to 20
4 to 11
24 to 30
18 to 25
12 to 20
You have just completed a portable chest radiograph on a cardiac patient with suspected congestive heart failure. As you review the image, the attending physician begins to look at the image and states that the central venous line tip appears to be located in the jugular vein. Looking at the image, it is apparent to you that the physician is looking at a superimposed endotracheostomy (ET) tube marker. It would be professionally appropriate for you to:
politely correct the physician and point out the superimposition of the ET tube.
say nothing, as it is not your responsibility to interpret images.
tell the charge nurse of the physician’s error in judgment.
tell the physician to order another image with more exposure technique.
politely correct the physician and point out the superimposition of the ET tube.
To relieve a large tension pneumothorax, a _____ tube is inserted into the patient.
nasogastric
chest
thoracostomy
Both b and c are inserted into the patient.
Both b and c are inserted into the patient.
In a patient condition of hypoxia:
respiratory rate remains unchanged.
respiratory depth remains unchanged owing to increased cardiac output.
heart rate decreases owing to low oxygen saturation values.
blood pressure increases.
blood pressure increases.
The flow rate of oxygen therapy is given in:
liters per minute.
millimeters of mercury.
pounds per square inch.
cubic meters per minute.
liters per minute.
The normal pulse of a 5-year-old child is lower than that of a 32-year-old male patient.
true
false
false
When taking a portable chest radiograph on a patient undergoing oxygen therapy:
the oxygen should be turned off briefly during the exposure to prevent an electrical spark.
the oxygen delivery system should be low–flow rate only.
it is safe to remove the oxygen delivery during the setup and exposure.
the oxygen should not be removed without the consent of a physician or respiratory care practitioner.
the oxygen should not be removed without the consent of a physician or respiratory care practitioner.
A patient is thought to have had a cardiac arrest. The patient’s pulse should be checked at the _____ artery.
radial
femoral
brachial
carotid
carotid
All of the following are true of body temperature measurement EXCEPT:
rectal and TA measurement are typically 1 degree higher than oral readings.
temporal artery (TA) measurements can be measured in 3 seconds noninvasively.
all temperatures should be identical regardless of where the temperature is measured.
body temperatures are read in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius.
all temperatures should be identical regardless of where the temperature is measured.
Adequate breathing consists of:
10 to 12 breaths per minute.
good respiratory rate.
good respiratory depth.
all of the above.
all of the above.
Which of the following devices can be classified as a high-flow oxygen delivery device?
air-entrainment mask
nonrebreathing mask
nasal cannula
simple mask
air-entrainment mask
The term bradypnea is used to describe:
an increase in respiratory rate.
a decrease in respiratory rate.
difficulty in breathing.
absence of breathing.
a decrease in respiratory rate.
A properly placed endotracheal tube will be radiographically confirmed when the
distal tip is positioned 1 inch inferior to the t
racheal bifurcation
distal tip is positioned adjacent to the vocal folds
distal tip is positioned 1 inch superior to the tracheal bifurcation
cuff is positioned between the vocal folds
distal tip is positioned 1 inch superior to the tracheal bifurcation
All of the following are related EXCEPT:
oral.
inguinal.
rectal.
tympanic.
inguinal
Which of the following is a symptom of hypertension?
blurred vision
dizziness
confusion
all of the above
none of the above
none of the above