Ch 22 Respiratory System Flashcards

Mucous membranes of the nasal passages, nasopharynx and trachea are lined with what type of epithelium?

The right lung has

Internal respiration occurs

The vocal folds are found in the

During internal and external respiration gases move by:

the smallest and last tube the air flows through before it reaches the alveoli is the:

which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water?

This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea:

This is located anterior to the espophagus and carries air to the bronchi

The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called:

Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?

Carbon dioxide binds to the globin portion of hemoglobin to form:

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase helps:

If the air we breathe contains 10 percent of Gas X the partial pressure of Gas X is:

As blood enters the systematic capillaries:

When oxygen combines with the heme of hemoglobin what is formed?

Tidal volume is:

Some hydrogen ions in the blood are produced by the dissociation of:

The amount of oxygen that can combine with heme is determined mainly by the:

In order for inspiration to occur:

The amount of oxygen released by the hemoglobin molecules in the blood to the tissues:

In the lungs:

Surface tension of the alveolar fluid is reduced by the presence of:

Eupnea refers to

The phrenic nerves innervate the:

Lung compliance is affected mainly by the amount of elastic tissue in the lungs and the:

The rhythm of normal breathing is controlled by neurons located in the:

When the diaphram lowers during breathing

A disorder characterized by the destruction of the walls of the alveoli is:

An increase in pulmonary capillary permeability or an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure leads to:

The most sensitive region of the respiratory tract for triggering the cough reflex is the:

The function of alveolar macrophages "dust cells" is:

During normal quiet breathing, the diaphram descends and the alveolar pressure decreases about:

When we inhale:

A modified respiratory pattern involves a series of convulsive inspirations followed by a single prolonged expiration

THis is a disorder characterized by chronic airway inflammation, airway hypersensitivity to a variety of stimuli, and airway obstruction. Symptoms include:Chest tightness, coughing and wheezing

At a partial pressure of 105 mmHg in the alveoli the percent saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen in the pulmonary capillaries will be:

The most common infectious cause of death in the US is:

this area transmits inhibitory impulses to turn off the inspiratory area before the lungs become too full of air

This area sends stimulatory impulses to the inspiratory area that activate it and prolong inhalation

This area controls the basic rhythm of respiration

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory system?

Pitch is controlled by

This is the primary gas exchange site

WHich of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs below the layrnx

which of the below tissues MAINTAINS OPEN AIRWAYS in the lower respiratory system

Which of the below tissues forms the exchange surgaces of the alveolus?

These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant

Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on?

This is direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells.

This is direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs:

These terms mean the lungs and the chest wall expands easily:

IN ventilation-perfusion coupling, a high CO2 level causes the smooth muscles in the bronchioles that service the area to constrict

IN ventilation-perfusion coupling, a low O2 level causes the terminal arterioles that service the area to constrict

Oxygen binds to hemoglobin much more tightly than carbon monoxide

BPG an intermedite in anaerobic respiration, when bound reversiby with hemoglobin lowers hemoglobin's affinity to oxygen

An decreased temperature causes hemoglobin to unload oxygen more easily

Cutting the phrenic nerve will cause paralysis of the diaphragm

When the inspiratory muscles of the chest wall contract, the size of the thoracic cavity decreases

The bulk of the carb on dioxide carried in the blood plasma is i the form of HCO3-

INfant respiratory distress syndrome occurs when infants are not able to easily keep their alveoli open between breaths due to insufficient amounts of surfactant