Which statement about enzymes is false?
a. enzymes raise the activation energy needed to start a reaction
b. enzymes are composed mostly of protein
c. enzymes are organic catalysts
d. enzymes may be damaged by high temps
b. enzymes are composed mostly of protein
Subdivisions of anatomy include which of the following?
a. gross, macroscopic, visual, microscopic
b. gross, regional, dissection, surface
c. regional, surface, visual, microscopic
d. gross, regional, systemic, surface
d. gross, regional, systemic, surface
Enzymes called ______ destroy the cells DNA and cytoskeleton, producing a quick death of the cell.
a. ubiquitins
b. cyclins
c. caspases
d. DNA polymerase III
c. caspases
What are the posterior side of the patella called?
a. sural
b. crual
c. antecubital
d. popliteal
d. popliteal
Which of the following is not true of protein?
a. they may be denatured or coagulated by heat or acidity
b. some types are called enzymes
c. they appear to be the molecular carriers of the coded hereditary info
d. their function depends on the 3D shape
c. they appear to be the molecular carriers of the coded hereditary info
In general, the lipids that we refer to as oils have ______.
a. a high water content
b. long fatty acid chains
c. a high degree of saturated bonds
d. a high degree of unsaturated bonds
d. a high degree of unsaturated bonds
The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following?
a. intestines
b. brain
c. lungs
d. liver
b. brain
The genetic info is coded in DNA by the ______.
a. regular alteration of sugar and phosphate molecules
b. sequence of the nucleotides
c. 3D structures of the double helix
d. arrangement of the histones
b. sequence of the nucleotides
The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of the body weight, is __________.
a. oxygen
b. protein
c. water
d. hydrogen
c. water
Mitochondria __________.
a. are always the same shape
b. are single-membrane structures involved in the breakdown of ATP
c. contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function
d. synthesize proteins for use outside the cell
c. contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function
Which are the survival needs of the body?
a. nutrients, water, movement, reproduction
b. nutrients, water, growth, reproduction
c. water, atmospheric pressure, growth, movement
d. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, oxygen
d. nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, oxygen
A red blood cell pack in pure water would _____.
a. shrink
b. swell initially, then shrink as equilibrium is reached
c. neither shrink or swell
d. swell and burst
d. swell and burst
A solution that has a pH of 2 could be described as being _______.
a. acidic
b. basic
c. neutral
d. slightly acidic
a. acidic
Passive membrane transport processes include____.
a. movement of a substance down its concentration gradient
b. movement of water from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
c. consumption of ATP
d. the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration
a. movement of a substance down its concentration gradient
Which of the following is a principle of the mosaic model of the cell membrane structure?
a. phospholipids from a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules
b. phospholipids consist of a polar head and a nonpolar tail made of 3 fatty acid chains
c. the lipid bilayer is a solid at body temp, thus protecting the cell
d. all proteins associated with the cell membrane are contained in a fluid layer on the outside of the cell
a. phospholipids from a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules
What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback?
a. to control all body system tissues
b. to maintain homeostasis
c. to keep the body's sugar high
d. to regulate excretion
b. to maintain homeostasis
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
a. circulating antibody
b. molecular transport through the membrane
c. forms a lipid bilayer
d. oxygen transport
b. molecular transport through the membrane
Which of the following is an example of a suspension?
a. cytoplasm
b. salt water
c. rubbing alcohol
d. blood
d. blood
If atom X has an atomic # of 74 it would have which of the following?
a. 37 protons and 37 neutrons
b. 37 electrons
c. 74 protons
d. 37 protons and 37 electrons
c. 74 protons
Which if the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?
a. it is considered the cause if most diseases
b. the internal environment is becoming more stable
c. positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed
d. negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally
a. it is considered the cause if most diseases
Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain?
a. XRAY
b. DSA
c. PET
d. MRI
d. MRI
Which if the following statements is correct regarding RNA?
a. mRNA, tRNA and rRNA play a role in protein synthesis
b. if the basr sequence of DNA is ATTGCA, the mRNA template will be UCCAGU
c. there is exactly one specific type of mRNA for each amino acid
d. rRNA is always attached to the rough ER
a. mRNA, tRNA and rRNA play a role in protein synthesis
Two good examples of colloid would be Jell-O and ____?
a. blood
b. toenails
c. urine
d. cytosol
d. cytosol
Which of the following is true regarding the generation of a membrane potential?
a. both potassium and sodium ions can "leak" thru the cell membrane due to diffusion
b. in the polarized state, sodium and potassium ion concentrations are static equilibrium
c. the maintenance of the potential is based exclusively on diffusion processes
d. when the sodium-potassium pump is activated, potassium is pumped into the cell 2 as fast as the sodium is pumped out, thus causing the membrane potential
d. when the sodium-potassium pump is activated, potassium is pumped into the cell 2 as fast as the sodium is pumped out, thus causing the membrane potential
The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except _______.
a. body erect
b. arms at sides
c. palms turned posteriorly
d. thumbs pointed laterally
c. palms turned posteriorly
The study of the heart may incorporate many aspects of anatomy but as a whole you would say it is _____ anatomy.
a. microscopic
b. gross
c. developmental
d. systemic
b. gross
Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the intracellular chemical signals known as "second messenger"?
a. 2nd messengers act thru receptors called K-proteins
b. 2nd messengers usually inactivate protein kinase enzymes
c. cyclic AMP and calcium may be 2nd messengers
d. 2nd messengers usually act to remove nitric oxide (NO) from the cell
c. cyclic AMP and calcium may be 2nd messengers
Select which reactions will usually be irreversible regarding chemical equilibrium in living systems.
a. glucose to CO2 and H2O
b. ADP+Pi to make ATP
c. H2O+CO2 to make H2CO3
d. glucose ,molecules joined to make glycogen
a. glucose to CO2 and H2O
What does formula C6H12O6 mean?
a. 6 calcium, 12 hydrogen, 6 oxygen atoms
b. 12 hydrogen, 6 carbon, 6 oxygen atoms
c. molecular weight is 24
d. substance is a colloid
b. 12 hydrogen, 6 carbon, 6 oxygen atoms
Cell junctions that promote the coordinated activity of cells by physically binding them together into a cell community including all of the following except______.
a. gap junctions
b. desmosomes
c. peroxisomes
d. tight junctions
c. peroxisomes
A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________.
a. release of energy
b. consumption of energy
c. synthesis
d. forming a larger molecule
a. release of energy
Which if the following is not considered a factor in influencing a reaction?
a. temperature
b. concentration
c. particle size
d. time
d. time
Which of the following constitutes a long chain simple sugar?
a. monosaccharide
b. polysaccharides
c. protein
d. nucleic acid
b. polysaccharides
If the nucleotide or base sequence of the DNA strand used as a template for mRNA synthesis is ACGTT, then what would be the sequence of bases in the corresponding mRNA>
a. TGCAA
b. ACGTT
c. UGCAA
d. GUACC
c. UGCAA
Which if the following describes plasma membrane?
a. a single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
b. a double layer of protein enclosing the plasma
c. the phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell
d. a membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae
c. the phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell
Which statement is the most correct regarding transcription/translation?
a. nucleotide sequence in a mRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it
b. nucleotide sequence in a mRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it except that uracil is substituted for thymine
c. nucleotide sequence in a tRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it
d. nucleotide sequence in a tRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it except that uracil is substituted for thymine
d. nucleotide sequence in a tRNA codon is an exact copy of the DNA triplet that coded for it except that uracil is substituted for thymine
Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?
a. systemic anatomy
b. cardiovascular anatomy
c. systemic physiology
d. cardiovascular physiology
d. cardiovascular physiology
Sucrose is a ________.
a. monosaccharide
b. disaccharide
c. polysaccharide
d. triglyceride
b. disaccharide
The parietal pleural would represent a serous membrane ________.
a. covering individual lungs
b. lining the thoracic cavity
c. covering the heart
d. lining the abdominal cavity
b. lining the thoracic cavity
A structure that is composed of 2 or more tissues would be a(n) _____.
a. complex tissue
b. organ system
c. organ
d. complex cell
c. organ
What is a vertical section thru the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?
a. frontal
b. median
c. sagittal
d. transverse
a. frontal
Which if the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nervous impulses?
a. Fe
b. I
c. P
d. Na
d. Na
_____is fat soluble, produced in the skin in exposure to UV radiation, and necessary for normal bone growth and function.
a. vitamin K
b. cortisol
c. vitamin A
d. vitamin D
d. vitamin D
If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen?
a. cells will swell and ultimately burst
b. cells will lose water and shrink
c. cells will shrink at 1st, but will later reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution and return to their original condition
d. cells will show no change due to diffusion of both solute and solvent
b. cells will lose water and shrink